Plastic Waste Management

Download Plastic Waste Management full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Plastic Waste Management ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Plastic Waste and Recycling

Author : Trevor Letcher
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128178817
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Plastic Waste and Recycling by : Trevor Letcher

Download or read book Plastic Waste and Recycling written by Trevor Letcher and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastic Waste and Recycling: Environmental Impact, Societal Issues, Prevention, and Solutions begins with an introduction to the different types of plastic materials, their uses, and the concepts of reduce, reuse and recycle before examining plastic types, chemistry and degradation patterns that are organized by non-degradable plastic, degradable and biodegradable plastics, biopolymers and bioplastics. Other sections cover current challenges relating to plastic waste, explain the sources of waste and their routes into the environment, and provide systematic coverage of plastic waste treatment methods, including mechanical processing, monomerization, blast furnace feedstocks, gasification, thermal recycling, and conversion to fuel. This is an essential guide for anyone involved in plastic waste or recycling, including researchers and advanced students across plastics engineering, polymer science, polymer chemistry, environmental science, and sustainable materials. - Presents actionable solutions for reducing plastic waste, with a focus on the concepts of collection, re-use, recycling and replacement - Considers major societal and environmental issues, providing the reader with a broader understanding and supporting effective implementation - Includes detailed case studies from across the globe, offering unique insights into different solutions and approaches

Plastics Waste Management

Author : Muralisrinivasan Natamai Subramanian
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119556198
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Plastics Waste Management by : Muralisrinivasan Natamai Subramanian

Download or read book Plastics Waste Management written by Muralisrinivasan Natamai Subramanian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-09-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides clear explanations for newcomers to the subject as well as contemporary details and theory for the experienced user in plastics waste management. It is seldom that a day goes by without another story or photo regarding the problem of plastics waste in the oceans or landfills. While important efforts are being made to clear up the waste, this book looks at the underlying causes and focuses on plastics waste management. Plastics manufacturers have been slow to recognize their environmental impact compared with more directly polluting industries. However, the environmental pressures concerning plastics have forced the industry to examine their own recycling operations and implement plastics waste management. Plastics Waste Management realizes two ideals: That all plastics should be able to persist for as long as plastics are required, and that all plastics are recycled in a uniform manner regardless of the length of time for which it persists. The book examines plastics waste management and systems for the environment, as well the management approaches and techniques which are appropriate for managing the environment. It serves as an excellent and thoughtful plastics waste management handbook. This groundbreaking book: Identifies deficiencies in plastics waste management Extrapolates from experiences to draw some conclusions about plastics waste for persistence Describes methods how the waste related processing techniques should be used in recycling Shows how the consumer and industry can assess the performance of plastics waste management Explains waste utilization by recycling techniques as well as waste reduction Life cycle assessment as an important technique for recycling of persistent plastics waste.

Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309458856
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (588 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2022-09 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An estimated 8 million metric tons (MMT) of plastic waste enters the world's ocean each year - the equivalent of dumping a garbage truck of plastic waste into the ocean every minute. Plastic waste is now found in almost every marine habitat, from the ocean surface to deep sea sediments to the ocean's vast mid-water region, as well as the Great Lakes. This report responds to a request in the bipartisan Save Our Seas 2.0 Act for a scientific synthesis of the role of the United States both in contributing to and responding to global ocean plastic waste. The United States is a major producer of plastics and in 2016, generated more plastic waste by weight and per capita than any other nation. Although the U.S. solid waste management system is advanced, it is not sufficient to deter leakage into the environment. Reckoning with the U.S. Role in Global Ocean Plastic Waste calls for a national strategy by the end of 2022 to reduce the nation's contribution to global ocean plastic waste at every step - from production to its entry into the environment - including by substantially reducing U.S. solid waste generation. This report also recommends a nationally-coordinated and expanded monitoring system to track plastic pollution in order to understand the scales and sources of U.S. plastic waste, set reduction and management priorities, and measure progress.

Management of Marine Plastic Debris

Author : Michael Niaounakis
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 0323443990
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (234 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Management of Marine Plastic Debris by : Michael Niaounakis

Download or read book Management of Marine Plastic Debris written by Michael Niaounakis and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-07-04 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of Marine Plastic Debris gives a thorough and detailed presentation of the global problem of marine plastics debris, covering every aspect of its management from tracking, collecting, treating and commercial exploitation for handing this anthropogenic waste. The book is a unique, essential source of information on current and future technologies aimed at reducing the impact of plastics waste in the oceans. This is a practical book designed to enable engineers to tackle this problem—both in stopping plastics from getting into the ocean in the first place, as well as providing viable options for the reuse and recycling of plastics debris once it has been recovered. The book is essential reading not only for materials scientists and engineers, but also other scientists involved in this area seeking to know more about the impact of marine plastics debris on the environment, the mechanisms by which plastics degrade in water and potential solutions. While much research has been undertaken into the different approaches to the increasing problem of plastics marine debris, this is the first book to present, evaluate and compare all of the available techniques and practices, and then make suggestions for future developments. The book also includes a detailed discussion of the regulatory environment, including international conventions and standards and national policies. - Reviews all available processes and techniques for recovering, cleaning and recycling marine plastic debris - Presents and evaluates viable options for engineers to tackle this growing problem, including the use of alternative polymers - Investigates a wide range of possible applications of marine plastics debris and opportunities for businesses to make a positive environmental impact - Includes a detailed discussion of the regulatory environment, including international conventions and standards and national policies

Degradable Polymers, Recycling, and Plastics Waste Management

Author : Albertsson
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0585400016
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (854 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Degradable Polymers, Recycling, and Plastics Waste Management by : Albertsson

Download or read book Degradable Polymers, Recycling, and Plastics Waste Management written by Albertsson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-07-07 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the International Workshop on Controlled Life-Cycle of Polymeric Materials held in Stockholm, this work examines degradable polymers and the recycling of plastic materials. It highlights recent results on recycling and waste management, including topics such as renewable resources, degradation, processing and products, and environmental is

What a Waste 2.0

Author : Silpa Kaza
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813477
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis What a Waste 2.0 by : Silpa Kaza

Download or read book What a Waste 2.0 written by Silpa Kaza and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid waste management affects every person in the world. By 2050, the world is expected to increase waste generation by 70 percent, from 2.01 billion tonnes of waste in 2016 to 3.40 billion tonnes of waste annually. Individuals and governments make decisions about consumption and waste management that affect the daily health, productivity, and cleanliness of communities. Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing respiratory problems, harming animals that consume waste unknowingly, and affecting economic development. Unmanaged and improperly managed waste from decades of economic growth requires urgent action at all levels of society. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 aggregates extensive solid aste data at the national and urban levels. It estimates and projects waste generation to 2030 and 2050. Beyond the core data metrics from waste generation to disposal, the report provides information on waste management costs, revenues, and tariffs; special wastes; regulations; public communication; administrative and operational models; and the informal sector. Solid waste management accounts for approximately 20 percent of municipal budgets in low-income countries and 10 percent of municipal budgets in middle-income countries, on average. Waste management is often under the jurisdiction of local authorities facing competing priorities and limited resources and capacities in planning, contract management, and operational monitoring. These factors make sustainable waste management a complicated proposition; most low- and middle-income countries, and their respective cities, are struggling to address these challenges. Waste management data are critical to creating policy and planning for local contexts. Understanding how much waste is generated—especially with rapid urbanization and population growth—as well as the types of waste generated helps local governments to select appropriate management methods and plan for future demand. It allows governments to design a system with a suitable number of vehicles, establish efficient routes, set targets for diversion of waste, track progress, and adapt as consumption patterns change. With accurate data, governments can realistically allocate resources, assess relevant technologies, and consider strategic partners for service provision, such as the private sector or nongovernmental organizations. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 provides the most up-to-date information available to empower citizens and governments around the world to effectively address the pressing global crisis of waste. Additional information is available at http://www.worldbank.org/what-a-waste.

Can I Recycle This?

Author : Jennie Romer
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143135678
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Can I Recycle This? by : Jennie Romer

Download or read book Can I Recycle This? written by Jennie Romer and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “If you’ve ever been perplexed by the byzantine rules of recycling, you’re not alone…you’ll want to read Can I Recycle This?... An extensive look at what you can and cannot chuck into your blue bin.” —The Washington Post The first illustrated guidebook that answers the age-old question: Can I Recycle This? Since the dawn of the recycling system, men and women the world over have stood by their bins, holding an everyday object, wondering, "can I recycle this?" This simple question reaches into our concern for the environment, the care we take to keep our homes and our communities clean, and how we interact with our local government. Recycling rules seem to differ in every municipality, with exceptions and caveats at every turn, leaving the average American scratching her head at the simple act of throwing something away. Taking readers on a quick but informative tour of how recycling actually works (setting aside the propaganda we were all taught as kids), Can I Recycle This gives straightforward answers to whether dozens of common household objects can or cannot be recycled, as well as the information you need to make that decision for anything else you encounter. Jennie Romer has been working for years to help cities and states across America better deal with the waste we produce, helping draft meaningful legislation to help communities better process their waste and produce less of it in the first place. She has distilled her years of experience into this non-judgmental, easy-to-use guide that will change the way you think about what you throw away and how you do it.

Handbook of Research on Waste Diversion and Minimization Technologies for the Industrial Sector

Author : Rathoure, Ashok K.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799849228
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Waste Diversion and Minimization Technologies for the Industrial Sector by : Rathoure, Ashok K.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Waste Diversion and Minimization Technologies for the Industrial Sector written by Rathoure, Ashok K. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-01-08 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to various issues in the world including rapid urbanization and industrial processes, waste generation has reached levels that are becoming detrimental to the environment and the global population. Waste management has remained a challenging issue for many professional sectors as it is directly linked to an organization’s performance; however, the implementation of efficient and cost-effective waste minimization plans is the first step in improving the global environment. Innovative technologies in waste management are emerging and can help professionals looking to implement more efficient methods of pollution control. The Handbook of Research on Waste Diversion and Minimization Technologies for the Industrial Sector is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of modern pollution-control methodologies in industrialized environments. While highlighting topics such as life cycle assessment, bioremediation, and thermal waste treatment, this publication explores environmental risk reduction scenarios as well as sustainable waste-collecting solutions. This book is ideally designed for researchers, industrialists, environmentalists, practitioners, policymakers, scientists, students, and academicians seeking current research on innovative advancements in waste minimization techniques.

Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process

Author : Michael S. Bank
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030786277
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process by : Michael S. Bank

Download or read book Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process written by Michael S. Bank and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-09 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book examines global plastic pollution, an issue that has become a critical societal challenge with implications for environmental and public health. This volume provides a comprehensive, holistic analysis on the plastic cycle and its subsequent effects on biota, food security, and human exposure. Importantly, global environmental change and its associated, systems-level processes, including atmospheric deposition, ecosystem complexity, UV exposure, wind patterns, water stratification, ocean circulation, etc., are all important direct and indirect factors governing the fate, transport and biotic and abiotic processing of plastic particles across ecosystem types. Furthermore, the distribution of plastic in the ocean is not independent of terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, since much of the plastic in marine ecosystems originates from land and should therefore be evaluated in the context of the larger plastic cycle. Changes in species size, distribution, habitat, and food web complexity, due to global environmental change, will likely alter trophic transfer dynamics and the ecological effects of nano- and microplastics. The fate and transport dynamics of plastic particles are influenced by their size, form, shape, polymer type, additives, and overall ecosystem conditions. In addition to the risks that plastics pose to the total environment, the potential impacts on human health and exposure routes, including seafood consumption, and air and drinking water need to be assessed in a comprehensive and quantitative manner. Here I present a holistic and interdisciplinary book volume designed to advance the understanding of plastic cycling in the environment with an emphasis on sources, fate and transport, ecotoxicology, climate change effects, food security, microbiology, sustainability, human exposure and public policy.

Plastic Pollution

Author : Sivakumaran SIVARAMANAN
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781976903786
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (37 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Plastic Pollution by : Sivakumaran SIVARAMANAN

Download or read book Plastic Pollution written by Sivakumaran SIVARAMANAN and published by . This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastic is a non- biodegradable organic polymer, which is very commonly used in materials, large amounts of discarded plastics accumulating in oceans as Garbage islands and in land as landfills or blocking streams and waterways. Leaching of waste plastics from land filling and fumes released during incineration resulting major health impacts to living things as well as polluting the air, water, and soil, burning PVC releases cancer causing dioxins and PCB. Addition to recycling waste plastics also used in production of energy or in co-processing. Oxo-degradable plastics end up in fragments which cannot be compostable and also resulting in particles that can cause bioaccumulation. This study analyses plastics, and their path way in the environment, it also figure out the hazardous effects of plastics to living things and to the environment, and ends with practically feasible solutions.

Polymer Waste Management

Author : Johannes Karl Fink
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119536391
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Polymer Waste Management by : Johannes Karl Fink

Download or read book Polymer Waste Management written by Johannes Karl Fink and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-28 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is literally awash with plastics and this book practically provides a broad overview of plastic recycling procedures and waste management. With the huge amount of plastics floating in the oceans, fish and other sea creatures are directly suffering the consequences. On land, city leaders and planners are banning one-use plastics as well as plastic bags from grocery stores in an effort to stem the use. Many countries have made official announcements and warnings concerning the pollution caused from plastic wastes. These urgent developments have stimulated the author to study the problem and write Polymer Waste Management. Plastic recycling refers to a method that retrieves the original plastic material. However, there are many sophisticated methods available for the treatment and management of waste plastics such as basic primary recycling, where the materials are sorted and collected individually. In chemical recycling, the monomers and related compounds are processed by special chemical treatments. Other methods, such as pyrolysis, can produce fuels from waste plastics. These methods and others are treated comprehensively in the book. This groundbreaking book also discusses: General aspects, such as amount of plastics production, types of waste plastics, analysis procedures for identification of waste plastic types, standards for waste treatment, contaminants in recycled plastics. Environmental aspects, such as pollution in the marine environment and landfills. The advantages of the use of bio-based plastics. Recycling methods for individual plastic types and special catalysts.

Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics Trends, Prospects and Policy Responses

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264301011
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics Trends, Prospects and Policy Responses by : OECD

Download or read book Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics Trends, Prospects and Policy Responses written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastics have become one of the most prolific materials on the planet: in 2015 we produced about 380 million tonnes of plastics globally, up from 2 million tonnes in the 1950s. Yet today only 15% of this plastic waste is collected and recycled into secondary plastics globally each year. This ...

Global Plastics Outlook Economic Drivers, Environmental Impacts and Policy Options

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264584064
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (645 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Global Plastics Outlook Economic Drivers, Environmental Impacts and Policy Options by : OECD

Download or read book Global Plastics Outlook Economic Drivers, Environmental Impacts and Policy Options written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While plastics are extremely useful materials for modern society, plastics production and waste generation continue to increase with worsening environmental impacts despite international, national and local policy responses, as well as industry commitments. The first of two reports, this Outlook intends to inform and support policy efforts to combat plastic leakage.

Handbook of Recycling

Author : Ernst Worrell
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0123965063
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Recycling by : Ernst Worrell

Download or read book Handbook of Recycling written by Ernst Worrell and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-04-28 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the International Solid Waste Association's 2014 Publication Award, Handbook of Recycling is an authoritative review of the current state-of-the-art of recycling, reuse and reclamation processes commonly implemented today and how they interact with one another. The book addresses several material flows, including iron, steel, aluminum and other metals, pulp and paper, plastics, glass, construction materials, industrial by-products, and more. It also details various recycling technologies as well as recovery and collection techniques. To completely round out the picture of recycling, the book considers policy and economic implications, including the impact of recycling on energy use, sustainable development, and the environment. With contemporary recycling literature scattered across disparate, unconnected articles, this book is a crucial aid to students and researchers in a range of disciplines, from materials and environmental science to public policy studies. - Portrays recent and emerging technologies in metal recycling, by-product utilization and management of post-consumer waste - Uses life cycle analysis to show how to reclaim valuable resources from mineral and metallurgical wastes - Uses examples from current professional and industrial practice, with policy and economic implications

Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL

Author : International Maritime Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL by : International Maritime Organization

Download or read book Guidelines for the Implementation of MARPOL written by International Maritime Organization and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) of IMO, at its sixty-second session in July 2011, adopted the Revised MARPOL Annex V, concerning Regulations for the prevention of pollution by garbage from ships, which enters into force on 1 January 2013. The associated guidelines which assist States and industry in the implementation of MARPOL Annex V have been reviewed and updated and two Guidelines were adopted in March 2012 at MEPC's sixty-third session. The 2012 edition of this publication contains: the 2012 Guidelines for the implementation of MARPOL Annex V (resolution MEPC.219(63)); the 2012 Guidelines for the development of garbage management plans (resolution MEPC.220(63)); and the Revised MARPOL Annex V (resolution MEPC.201(62)).

Waste Management Practices

Author : John Pichtel
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142003751X
Total Pages : 690 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Waste Management Practices by : John Pichtel

Download or read book Waste Management Practices written by John Pichtel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-29 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide for the identification and management of a range of hazardous wastes, Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial integrates technical information including chemistry, microbiology, and engineering, with current regulations. Emphasizing basic environmental science and related technical fields, the book is an i

Effective Waste Management and Circular Economy

Author : Sadhan Kumar Ghosh
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000626385
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Effective Waste Management and Circular Economy by : Sadhan Kumar Ghosh

Download or read book Effective Waste Management and Circular Economy written by Sadhan Kumar Ghosh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective Waste Management and Circular Economy: Legislative Framework and Strategies is an invaluable resource for researchers, policymakers, implementers and PhD, graduate and Under Graduate level students in universities and colleges analysing the legal framework, strategies in waste management, circular economy adoption, use of mathematical and statistical modelling in setting waste management strategies, sanitation and Hygiene in waste management. While huge wastes are wasted by dumping, there is potential of resource circulation by enforcing legislative framework to effective resource utilisation and creating business opportunities. Circularity of resources in waste streams can contribute to a more secure, sustainable, and economically sound future through the followings: Effective legal framework, strategies and policy instruments, Adoption of circular economy and recycling technologies, Support of IoT and appropriate decision making and modelling, Adoption of alternatives to plastics and other hazardous materials, Economic feasibility as business case, commercialisation, generating employment. This book addresses most of the above issues in a lucid manner by experts in the field from different countries, which are helpful for the related stakeholders, edited by experts in the field. Sadhan Kumar Ghosh, Professor at Jadavpur University, internationally well-known expert working in varied interdisciplinary fields including waste management having research collaboration in 40 countries. Sasmita Samanta, Pro-Vice Chancellor, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India having research experience in management & academic administration. Harish Hirani, Director at CSIR-CMERI, Durgapur, having wider fields of research in IIT Delhi with a number of research collaboration. Carlos RV Silva Filho, Director, Presidente, ABRELPE, Sao Paulo/SP - Brazil & Presidente, International Solid Waste Association, Netherlands has experience of working in number of international projects