Pictures Images And Conceptual Change An Analysis Of Wilfrid Sellars Philosophy Of Science

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Pictures, Images, and Conceptual Change

Author : Joseph C. Pitt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400984820
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Pictures, Images, and Conceptual Change by : Joseph C. Pitt

Download or read book Pictures, Images, and Conceptual Change written by Joseph C. Pitt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this essay I am concerned with the problem of conceptual change. There are, needless to say, many ways to approach the issue. But, as I see it, the problem reduces to showing how present and future systems of thought are the rational extensions of prior ones. This goal may not be attainable. Kuhn, for example, suggests that change is mainly a function of socio-economic pressures (taken broadly). But there are some who believe that a case can be made for the rationality of change, especially in science. Wilfrid Sellars is one of those. While Sellars has developed a full account of the issues involved in solving the problem of conceptual change, he is also a very difficult philosopher to discuss. The difficulty stems from the fact that he is a philosopher in the very best sense of the word. First, he performs the tasks of analyzing alternative views with both finesse and insight, dialectically laying bare the essentials of problems and the inadequacies of previous proposals. Secondly, he is a systematic philosopher. That is, he is concerned to elaborate a system of philosophical thought in the grand tradition stretching from Plato to White head. Now with all of this to his credit, it would appear that there is no difficulty at all, one should simply treat him like all the others, if he indeed follows in the footsteps of past builders of philosophic systems.

Pictures, images, and conceptual change. An analysis of Wilfrid Sellars' philosophy of science

Author : Joseph C. Pitt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Pictures, images, and conceptual change. An analysis of Wilfrid Sellars' philosophy of science by : Joseph C. Pitt

Download or read book Pictures, images, and conceptual change. An analysis of Wilfrid Sellars' philosophy of science written by Joseph C. Pitt and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pictures, Images, and Conceptual Change

Author : Joseph C Pitt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789400984837
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Pictures, Images, and Conceptual Change by : Joseph C Pitt

Download or read book Pictures, Images, and Conceptual Change written by Joseph C Pitt and published by . This book was released on 1981-10-31 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Is Science Progressive?

Author : I. Niiniluoto
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401719780
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Is Science Progressive? by : I. Niiniluoto

Download or read book Is Science Progressive? written by I. Niiniluoto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection brings together several essays which have been written between the years 197 5 and 1983. During that period I have been occupied with the attempt to find a satisfactory explicate for the notion of tnithlike ness or verisimilitude. The technical results of this search have partly appeared elsewhere, and I am also working on a systematic presentation of them in a companion volume to this book: Truthlikeness (forthcoming hopefully in 1985). The essays collected in this book are less formal and more philos ophical: they all explore various aspects of the idea that progress in science is associated with an increase in the truthlikeness of its results. Even though they do not exhaust the problem area of scientific change, together they constitute a step in the direction which I find most promising in the defence of critical scientific realism. * Chapter 1 appeared originally in Finnish as the opening article of a new journal Tiede 2000 (no. 1 I 1980) - a Finnish counterpart to journals such as Science and Scientific American. This explains its programmatic character. It tries to give a compact answer to the question 'What is science?', and serves therefore as an introduction to the problem area of the later chapters. Chapter 2 is a revised translation of my inaugural lecture for the chair of Theoretical Philosophy in the University of Helsinki on April 8, 1981. It appeared in Finnish inParnasso 31 (1981), pp.

Probability and Causality

Author : J.H. Fetzer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400939973
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Probability and Causality by : J.H. Fetzer

Download or read book Probability and Causality written by J.H. Fetzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions to this special collection concern issues and problems discussed in or related to the work of Wesley C. Salmon. Salmon has long been noted for his important work in the philosophy of science, which has included research on the interpretation of probability, the nature of explanation, the character of reasoning, the justification of induction, the structure of space/time and the paradoxes of Zeno, to mention only some of the most prominent. During a time of increasing preoccupation with historical and sociological approaches to under standing science (which characterize scientific developments as though they could be adequately analysed from the perspective of political movements, even mistaking the phenomena of conversion for the rational appraisal of scientific theories), Salmon has remained stead fastly devoted to isolating and justifying those normative standards distinguishing science from non-science - especially through the vindi cation of general principles of scientific procedure and the validation of specific examples of scientific theories - without which science itself cannot be (even remotely) adequately understood. In this respect, Salmon exemplifies and strengthens a splendid tradi tion whose most remarkable representatives include Hans Reichenbach, Rudolf Carnap and Carl G. Hempel, all of whom exerted a profound influence upon his own development.

Truthlikeness

Author : I. Niiniluoto
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400937393
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Truthlikeness by : I. Niiniluoto

Download or read book Truthlikeness written by I. Niiniluoto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern discussion on the concept of truthlikeness was started in 1960. In his influential Word and Object, W. V. O. Quine argued that Charles Peirce's definition of truth as the limit of inquiry is faulty for the reason that the notion 'nearer than' is only "defined for numbers and not for theories". In his contribution to the 1960 International Congress for Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science at Stan ford, Karl Popper defended the opposite view by defining a compara tive notion of verisimilitude for theories. was originally introduced by the The concept of verisimilitude Ancient sceptics to moderate their radical thesis of the inaccessibility of truth. But soon verisimilitudo, indicating likeness to the truth, was confused with probabilitas, which expresses an opiniotative attitude weaker than full certainty. The idea of truthlikeness fell in disrepute also as a result of the careless, often confused and metaphysically loaded way in which many philosophers used - and still use - such concepts as 'degree of truth', 'approximate truth', 'partial truth', and 'approach to the truth'. Popper's great achievement was his insight that the criticism against truthlikeness - by those who urge that it is meaningless to speak about 'closeness to truth' - is more based on prejudice than argument.

History and Philosophy of Constructive Type Theory

Author : Giovanni Sommaruga
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401593930
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis History and Philosophy of Constructive Type Theory by : Giovanni Sommaruga

Download or read book History and Philosophy of Constructive Type Theory written by Giovanni Sommaruga and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey of Martin-Löf's constructive type theory, considerable parts of which have only been presented by Martin-Löf in lecture form or as part of conference talks. Sommaruga surveys the prehistory of type theory and its highly complex development through eight different stages from 1970 to 1995. He also provides a systematic presentation of the latest version of the theory, as offered by Martin-Löf at Leiden University in Fall 1993. This presentation gives a fuller and updated account of the system. Earlier, brief presentations took no account of the issues related to the type-theoretical approach to logic and the foundations of mathematics, while here they are accorded an entire part of the book. Readership: Comprehensive accounts of the history and philosophy of constructive type theory and a considerable amount of related material. Readers need a solid background in standard logic and a first, basic acquaintance with type theory.

Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov—Warsaw School

Author : Jan Wolenski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400925816
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov—Warsaw School by : Jan Wolenski

Download or read book Logic and Philosophy in the Lvov—Warsaw School written by Jan Wolenski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lvov-Warsaw School was active in all spheres of philosophy. Its members worked in the border area between philosophy and disci plines such as psychology, linguistics, and literary theory. But its most important achievements were without doubt in logic and philosophical analysis based on logic. The present book is concerned with fields to which the Lvov-Warsaw School made its most important and famous contributions. Data on the School as a whole are included only in the first and last part of the book. This work is based on my monograph (1985), which appeared in Polish. But it is not merely a translation, because some fragments of the Polish version have been omitted (e. g., the chapter on ethics), and some have been revised. Many persons helped me in my work on the book in Polish as well as on the present edition. I must first mention the late Izydora D~mbska, to whom this book is dedicated. On various detailed issues I have availed myself of advice and information given to me by Stefan Amsterdamski, Zdzislaw Augustynek, Kazimierz Czarnota, Henryk Hii, Boleslaw Iwanus, Jacek Jadacki, Jacek KabziIiski, Stanislaw Kiczuk, Tomasz Komendzinski, Janina Kotarbinska, Czeslaw Lejewski, Jerzy Perzanowski, Marian Przet~cki, the late Jerzy Slupecki, Klemens Szaniawski, Stefan Zamecki, Zbigniew Zwinogrodzki i Jan Zygmunt. I am indebted to Jaakko Hintikka for suggesting that my book be trans lated into English and published by Reidel. Olgierd Wojtasiewicz helped me to prepare the English text.

Scientific Progress

Author : Craig Dilworth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402063547
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Progress by : Craig Dilworth

Download or read book Scientific Progress written by Craig Dilworth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kuhn and Feyerabend formulated the problem, Dilworth provides the solution. In the fourth edition of this highly original book, Craig Dilworth answers the questions raised by the incommensurability thesis. Logical empiricism cannot account for theory conflict. Popperianism cannot account for how one theory is a progression beyond another. Dilworth’s Perspectivist conception of science covers both bases with a concept of scientific progress based on both rationalism and empiricism.

The Dawn of Cognitive Science

Author : L. Albertazzi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401596565
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dawn of Cognitive Science by : L. Albertazzi

Download or read book The Dawn of Cognitive Science written by L. Albertazzi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current debate in cognitive science, from robotics to analysis of vision, deals with problems like the perception of form, the structure and formation of mental images and their modelling, the ecological development of artificial intelligence, and cognitive analysis of natural language. It focuses in particular on the presence of a hierarchy of intellectual constructions in different formats of representation. These diverse approaches, which share a common assumption of the inner nature of representation, call for a new epistemology - even a new psychophysics - based on a theory of reference which is intrinsically cognitive. As a contribution to contemporary research, the reading presents the core of theories developed in Central Europe between the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by philosophers, physicists, psychologists and semanticists who shared a dynamic approach and a pronounced concern with problems of interaction and dependence. These theories offer innovative solutions to some of the epistemological and philosophical problems currently at the centre of debate, like part-whole, theory of relations, and conceptual and linguistic categorization.

Theory and Experiment

Author : Diderik Batens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400928750
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory and Experiment by : Diderik Batens

Download or read book Theory and Experiment written by Diderik Batens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is not "another collection of contributions on a traditional subject." Even more than we dared to expect during the preparatory stages, the papers in this volume prove that our thinking about science has taken a new turn and has reached a new stage. The progressive destruction of the received view has been a fascinating and healthy experience. At present, the period of destruction is over. A richer and more equilibrated analysis of a number of problems is possible and is being cru'ried out. In this sense, this book comes right on time. We owe a lot to the scholars of the Kuhnian period. They not only did away with obstacles, but in several respects instigated a shift in attention that changed history and philosophy of science in a irreversible way. A c1earcut example - we borrow it from the paper by Risto Hilpinen - concerns the study of science as a process, Rnd not only as a result. Moreover, they apparently reached several lasting results, e.g., concerning the tremendous impact of theoretical conceptions on empirical data. Apart from baffling people for several decades, this insight rules out an other return to simple-minded empiricism in the future.

Phenomenological Aspects of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy

Author : B.-C. Park
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401151512
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Phenomenological Aspects of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy by : B.-C. Park

Download or read book Phenomenological Aspects of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy written by B.-C. Park and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his writings around 1930, Wittgenstein relates his philosophy in different ways to the idea of phenomenology. He indicates that his main philosophical project had earlier been the construction of a purely phenomenological language, and even after having given up this project he believed that "the world we live in is the world of sense-data,,,l that is, of phenomenological objects. However, a problem is posed by the fact that he does not appear ever to have given a full, explicit account of what he means by his 'phenomenology', 'phenomenological language', or 'phenomenological problems'. In this book, I have tried to unravel the nature of Wittgenstein's phenomenology and to examine its importance for his entire work in philosophy. Phenomenology can be characterized as philosophy whose primary concern is what is immediately given in one's experience. This 'immediately given' is not merely impressions inside one's mind, but includes also the part of objective reality that impinges upon one's consciousness. Thus, an aim of phenomenological enterprise is to grasp this objective reality by attending to immediate experience. Husserl's phenomenology is in fact a case in point.

Philosophy and Logic In Search of the Polish Tradition

Author : Jaakko Hintikka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401702497
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy and Logic In Search of the Polish Tradition by : Jaakko Hintikka

Download or read book Philosophy and Logic In Search of the Polish Tradition written by Jaakko Hintikka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains papers on truth, logic, semantics, and history of logic and philosophy. These papers are dedicated to Jan Wolenski to honor his 60th birthday. Jan Wolenski is professor of philosophy at the Department of Philosophy of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Poland. He is likely to be the most well-known Polish philosopher of this time, best known for his work on the history of the philosophy and logic of the Lvov-Warsaw School.

Philosophical Lectures on Probability

Author : Bruno de Finetti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402082029
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Lectures on Probability by : Bruno de Finetti

Download or read book Philosophical Lectures on Probability written by Bruno de Finetti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bruno de Finetti (1906–1985) is the founder of the subjective interpretation of probability, together with the British philosopher Frank Plumpton Ramsey. His related notion of “exchangeability” revolutionized the statistical methodology. This book (based on a course held in 1979) explains in a language accessible also to non-mathematicians the fundamental tenets and implications of subjectivism, according to which the probability of any well specified fact F refers to the degree of belief actually held by someone, on the ground of her whole knowledge, on the truth of the assertion that F obtains.

A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime

Author : Helena Eilstein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401700974
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime by : Helena Eilstein

Download or read book A Collection of Polish Works on Philosophical Problems of Time and Spacetime written by Helena Eilstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of some works of Polish philosophers and physicists on philosophical problems of time and spacetime. Without restricting the thematic scope of the papers, the issue conceming objectivity of time flow runs as a uniting thread through most of them. Partly it is discussed directIy, and partly the authors focus on themes which are of paramount importance for one's attitude to that question. In the first six papers the authors deal with their topics against the background of contemporary physics, its theories, its difficulties and discussed conjectures. For the paper of S. Snihur that background is provided by everyday worId-outlook, and the author discusses the problem of existence and character of the future in the light of basic principles of cIassical logic. The paper of A. P61tawski, about the views of the outstanding polish philosopher Roman Ingarden, enriches the thematic scope of the coIIection introducing into it some questions from philosophical anthropology and ethics. JERZY GOLOSZ MOTION, SPACE, TIME*. Abstract. The paper discusses the properties of spacetime we study by analyzing the phenomenon of motion. Of special interest are the spacetime symmetries. the spacetime structures and the ontological status of spacetime. These problems are considered on the grounds of the c1assical theories of motion contained in Newtonian physics, special and general theory of relativity. The controversy between an absolute and a relational conception of motion and its ontological implications are also analyzed.

Naming the Rainbow

Author : D. Dedrick
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401723826
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Naming the Rainbow by : D. Dedrick

Download or read book Naming the Rainbow written by D. Dedrick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a universal biolinguistic disposition for the development of `basic' colour words? This question has been a subject of debate since Brent Berlin and Paul Kay's Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and Evolution was published in 1969. Naming the Rainbow is the first extended study of this debate. The author describes and criticizes empirically and conceptually unified models of colour naming that relate basic colour terms directly to perceptual and ultimately to physiological facts, arguing that this strategy has overlooked the cognitive dimension of colour naming. He proposes a psychosemantics for basic colour terms which is sensitive to cultural difference and to the nature and structure of non-linguistic experience. Audience: Contemporary colour naming research is radically interdisciplinary and Naming the Rainbow will be of interest to philosophers, psychologists, anthropologists, and cognitive scientists concerned with: biological constraints on cognition and categorization; problems inherent in cross-cultural and in interdisciplinary science; the nature and extent of cultural relativism.

In Search of a New Humanism

Author : M.R. Egidi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401718520
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of a New Humanism by : M.R. Egidi

Download or read book In Search of a New Humanism written by M.R. Egidi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays presents a systematic and up-to-date survey of the main aspects of Georg Henrik von Wright's philosophy, tracing the general humanistic leitmotiv to be found in his vast, varied output. The analysis covers the developments in Von Wright's thought up to the end of the 1990s. The essays are arranged thematically to focus on the chief areas of Von Wright's interests: practical rationality; human action and determinism; philosophical logic and theories of norms; research in the analytical tradition; and Wittgenstein studies. Readership: Scholars and students of moral philosophy, logic, psychology, sociology, cognitive science and the history of contemporary philosophy.