Phytochemistry Of Plants Of Genus Phyllanthus

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Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Phyllanthus

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000064743
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Phyllanthus by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Phyllanthus written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several Phyllanthus species are widely used in traditional medicine and herbal formulation for the treatment of a variety of ailments such as flu, dropsy, diabetes, jaundice and bladder calculus. The medicinal properties of these species are due to the presence of lignans, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids. Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin are the major lignans from Phyllanthus species having estrogenic properties that reduce toxicity and vascular tension, and protect hepatocytes. This book deals with the importance of separation techniques in screening of major lignans, flavonoids and terpenoids in Phyllanthus species using HPLC/UPLC coupled with mass spectrometric techniques. Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of important medicinal plants. Screening of major lignans, flavonoids and terpenoids in plant parts/whole plant extracts and their geographical variations in Phyllanthus amarus. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for the quality control of Phyllanthus and its products.

Phyllanthus Species

Author : Ramadasan Kuttan
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439821445
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Phyllanthus Species by : Ramadasan Kuttan

Download or read book Phyllanthus Species written by Ramadasan Kuttan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genus Phyllanthus has over 1,000 species distributed worldwide, many of which have been used indigenously for the treatment of a variety of ailments for generations. Researchers have developed ways to analyze the potential of these plants and demonstrated the pharmacological action and various chemical entities present in each of them. They have validated the folklore claims and used this knowledge to design cost-effective and reliable sources of medicine. The first book to exclusively examine the genus Phyllanthus, Phyllanthus Species: Scientific Evaluation and Medicinal Applications begins with a systematic classification and identification manual for various plants in the genus, followed by the scientific evaluation of the species for modern medicinal use. This reference compiles cutting edge research from countries around the world, including the UK, Malaysia, India, Indonesia, Spain, Cuba, and China. Topics covered include phylogenetic analysis of Phyllanthus, chemistry of the genus, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and chemo- protective effects, genotoxicity, clinical trials involving Phyllanthus, and various formulations containing different plants from the genus Phyllanthus. Phyllanthus Species: Scientific Evaluation and Medicinal Applications describes in detail the taxonomy, cultivation, and marketing, identification of geographic and genetic hot spots, chemistry, scientific evaluation, and clinical trials of various species of Phyllanthus. Written for researchers and educators in academia, industry, agriculture, and the interested general public, this book’s up-to-date references make it a powerful resource providing first-hand information on Phyllanthus.

Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Rauvolfia

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000071545
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Rauvolfia by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Rauvolfia written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rauvolfia species, commonly known as Sarpagandha, has been traditionally used in Ayurveda for curing high blood pressure, hypertension, snake bites, fever, and mental illnesses. Due to its wide variety and differences in chemical composition, it is necessary to develop an efficient and reliable method for rapid screening and determination of phytochemicals in the extracts of the Rauvolfia species. This book will provide qualitative and quantitative comparative phytochemical investigations of selected medicinal plants from the Rauvolfia genus using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques. The results will help in assuring the efficacy and safety of Rauvolfia herbal products. Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of important medicinal plants. Discusses chemical signatures for the identification of Rauvolfia (Sarpagandha) and its products. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of Rauvolfia and its products.

Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Cassia

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000458091
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Cassia by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Cassia written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-12 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cassia is an indigenous plant in Africa, Latin America, Northern Australia and Southeast Asia. Several Cassia species are of high commercial and medicinal significance since they are used as spices and in traditional medicines. Currently plants from genus Cassia is in great demand due to their immense medicinal properties. Cassia species have various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiarthritic, hepatoprotective, antitumor, antifertility, antifungal, antioxidant, antileishmaniatic, antimicrobial, CNS and hypoglycaemic activitiy. Different class of compounds reported from Cassia species are anthraquinones, phenolics, flavonoids, chromenes, terpenes, proanthocyanidins, coumarins, chromones and lignans. The taxonomy and nomenclature of Cassia species are quite complex. It is very difficult to differentiate them due to their overlapping morphological characters and close similarities. This usually leads to misidentification and misinterpretation of the components. Features: Presents collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of most important medicinal plants of Cassia species Chemical signatures for identification of Cassia species Easy to use analytical procedure for quality control of Cassia species and its products.

Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Ocimum

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780367500528
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Ocimum by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Ocimum written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-31 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes an efficient and accurate UPLC-ESI-QqQLIT-MS/MS method for quality control of O. Sanctum derived formulations which was validated for simultaneous determination of twenty-three bioactive markers including phenolic acids, flavonoids, propenyl phenol and terpenoid in the leaf extract.

Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Piper

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000064700
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Piper by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Piper written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Piper is the representative genus of family Piperaceae. Piper species are pan-tropical in distribution and found in both the hemispheres. As the king of all spices, black pepper, Piper nigrum, led to the global expeditions culminating in the discovery of India and the new world. Piper species have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities such as insecticidal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, anti-hypertensive, antithyroid, antitumor activities and hepatoprotective properties. Botanical authentication of the plants of Piper species is difficult because of the morphological similarity among the species. This book describes ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode to study the quantitative variation of thirteen bioactive markers in different plant parts of ten Piper species. Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of the most important medicinal plants of Piper species. Describes chemical signatures for identification of Piper species. Provides easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of Piper species and its products.

Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Ocimum

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000064824
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Ocimum by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Plants of Genus Ocimum written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocimum species has been used as a traditional remedy for various ailments such as arthritis, bronchitis, cold, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dysentery, and flatulence, as well as for healing wounds and lowering blood glucose level. These are characterized by variations in their morphology such as the shape, size and pigmentation of leaves, which cause differences in chemical composition and affect the commercial value of this genus. This book describes phytochemical investigations of Ocimum species using LC-MS/MS instruments to study qualitative and quantitative variations of phytochemicals in different Ocimum species. Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific analytical and pharmacological evidence of most important medicinal plants of genus Ocimum. Chemical signatures for the identification of Ocimum species. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of plants of Ocimum species and its herbal products.

Medicinal Plants of the World

Author : Ivan A. Ross
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592593658
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Medicinal Plants of the World by : Ivan A. Ross

Download or read book Medicinal Plants of the World written by Ivan A. Ross and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-03-12 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ivan Ross takes advantage of the significant growth in the amount of new data available to update and expand his much acclaimed Medicinal Plants of the World: Chemical Constituents, Traditional and Modern Medicinal Uses, Volume 1. This considerably enhanced second edition contains new research and references on the immunomodulatory activity present in Allium sativum, Mangifera indica, and Punica granatum, the antidiabetic effects of Momoridica charantia and Mucuna pruriens, the antiinflammatory activity found in Mangifera indica and Arbus precatorius, the cholesterol lowering effect of Allium sativum and Moringa pterygosperma, and the antitumor effect of Arbus precatorius and Moringa pterygosperma. There are also important new findings concerning the antiherpes simplex virus activity of Mangifera indica, the anti-Parkinson's activity of Mucuna pruriens, the antiviral activity in Phyllanthus niruri and Jatropha curcas, the hyperthyroid regulation properties of Moringa pterygosperma, and the antioxidant activity of Mangifera indica, Punica granatum, Psidium guajava, and Allium sativum. Allium sativum is highlighted for its treatment of unstable angina pectoris, sickle red blood cell dehydration inhibition, senescence ameliorative, chemoprotective, cardiovascular, antineoplastic, anticarcinogenic, and antiatherogenic effects. This revised and enhanced edition provides details on traditional medicinal uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, clinical trials, color illustrations, Latin names, botanical descriptions, as well as providing an index and extensive bibliographies. Authoritative and exhaustively compiled, Medicinal Plants of the World: Chemical Constituents, Traditional and Modern Medicinal Uses, Volume 1, 2nd Edition offers pharmacists, physicians, medicinal chemists, toxicologists, and phytochemists a universal reference on twenty-six of the most widely used medicinal plants in the world.

Botanical Leads for Drug Discovery

Author : Bikarma Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811559171
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Botanical Leads for Drug Discovery by : Bikarma Singh

Download or read book Botanical Leads for Drug Discovery written by Bikarma Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-05 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Active botanical ingredients are a prime requirement for herbal formulations and discovering a drug is all about integration of science disciplines. In recent decades there has been a growing interest in treating wounds and diseases using traditional remedies based on local herbs, combined with chemical advances. Although this has led to the development of new bioactive ingredients from plants, there has been little success in terms of clinical trials and post-marketing studies to comply with FDA guidelines. Plants have been used as a source of medicine throughout history and continue to serve as the basis for many pharmaceuticals used today. However, despite the modern pharmaceutical industry being founded on botanical medicine, synthetic approaches to drug discovery have now become standard. Science-driven translational discovery and botanical development has created a new reality, leading to enormous changes in strategies, technologies and the disciplines involved, which have been embraced by the pharmaceutical and biotech industries. This book gathers scientific expertise and traditional knowledge to promote the discovery and development of new formulations and drugs based on active ingredients and to provide guidance on taking these to clinical trials. It discusses major topics, such as how the phytochemical composition of many plants has changed over time due to factors like cultivation, which can have both positive and negative effects on the levels of bioactive compounds. It also explores the importance of plants as a valuable source of therapeutic compounds as a result of their vast biosynthetic capacity, and classifies them according to their intended use, safety and regulatory status. Further, the book offers insights into the regulatory aspects of botanical products, which is an important issue when considering standardization and quality assessment, and also examines the commercial aspects of plant-derived medications and their proven role in the treatment of chronic diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, pain, asthma, and other associated conditions. Given its scope, this book is a valuable tool for botanists, natural product chemists, pharmacologists and microbiologists involved in the study of phytochemicals for drug discovery.

Herbalism, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology

Author : Amritpal Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439853614
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Herbalism, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology by : Amritpal Singh

Download or read book Herbalism, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology written by Amritpal Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-04-11 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging the gap between the ancient art of herbalism and the emerging sciences of ethnopharmocology and phytopharmacotherapy, this book highlights the major breakthroughs in the history of the field and focuses on future directions in the discovery and application of herb-derived medicines. Implementing the concept of reverse pharmacology, it inte

Phytochemical Investigations of Genus Terminalia

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100043298X
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemical Investigations of Genus Terminalia by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemical Investigations of Genus Terminalia written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-27 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genus Terminalia is known to be a rich source of secondary metabolites, mainly polypohenols and triterpenoids. About 39 species have been phytochemically studied leading to the identification of 368 compounds. This work involves the use of hyphenated mass spectrometric methods such as HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and UPLC-ESI-QqQLIT-MS/MS for qualitative and quantitative analysis of major bioactive constituents in selected medicinal plants without isolation. It also describes the methods of mass fingerprinting and their use to investigate the plant species variations with the help of statistical software’s (PCA). Markers were identified for quality control and authentications.

Magnolia

Author : Satyajit D. Sarker
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203216652
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnolia by : Satyajit D. Sarker

Download or read book Magnolia written by Satyajit D. Sarker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genus Magnolia consists of several medicinally important species most of which come from Far East Asia. Many species of this genus have traditionally been used in China and Japan to treat various illnesses from simple headaches to complicated cancer, and because of their versatility have more recently been incorporated into commercially success

Agromining: Farming for Metals

Author : Antony van der Ent
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030589048
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Agromining: Farming for Metals by : Antony van der Ent

Download or read book Agromining: Farming for Metals written by Antony van der Ent and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second and expanded edition of the first book on agromining (phytomining) presents a comprehensive overview of the metal farming & recovery of the agromining production chain. Agromining is an emerging technology that aims to transform the extraction of sources of target elements not accessible by traditional mining and processing techniques. Agromining, which is based on sustainable development, uses hyperaccumulator plants as 'metal crops' farmed on sub-economic soils or minerals wastes to obtain valuable target elements. This volume is edited and authored by the pioneers in the rapidly expanding field of agromining and presents the latest insights and developments in the field. This book provides in-depth information on the global distribution and ecology of hyperaccumulator plants, their biogeochemical pathways, the influence of rhizosphere microbes, the physiology and molecular biology of hyperaccumulation, as well as aspects of propagation and conservation of these unusual plants. It describes the agronomy of metal crops and opportunities for incorporating agromining into rehabilitation and mine closure, including test cases for agromining of nickel, cobalt, manganese, arsenic, selenium, cadmium, zinc, thallium, rare earth elements and platinum group elements. Since the first edition was published, there have successful nickel agromining field trials in the tropics (in Malaysia and Guatemala), and these are presented in a dedicated case study chapter. Other new chapters focus on the processing of bio-ore for elements other than nickel, such as rare earth elements and cadmium, and on agromining from industrial wastes such as tailings, and industrial by-products and sites. Furthermore, the book features two new chapters that provide a comprehensive assessment of accumulation a very wide range elements from the Periodic Table in various plant species around the globe, and a chapter on practical methods for discovery of hyperaccumulator plant species in the field and in the herbarium. This book is of interest to environmental professionals in the minerals industry, government regulators, and academics.

Phytochemistry of Withania somnifera

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000531449
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Withania somnifera by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Withania somnifera written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-10 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Withania is a genus of the nightshade family of flowering plants distributed in the subtropical regions from the Mediterranean to South East Asia. Only two species, W. somnifera and W. coagulans, are found in India. The most common species is W. somnifera (WS), which occurs naturally in the subtropical regions from the Mediterranean through Africa to the Middle East, the Indian Continent, Sri Lanka, South East Asia, subtropical America and Australia. It is a perennial shrub that grows to 75 cm (.75 m) tall with tomentose branches, oval yellowish green leaves, orange red berries and a papery calyx, and it survives harsher climatic conditions. In Ayurveda it is believed the plants which survive harsh conditions have strong healing and tonification properties. The main bioactive phytoconstituents of WS are withanolides (steroidal lactones), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, phenolics and others. Among the various withanolides, withanolide A, withaferin A, withanone and withanolide D are the most abundant, having various activities. WS is a wonder herb with a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antidepressant, aphrodisiac, antiulcerogenic, antivenom, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, anticancer, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, anticancerous, antidiabetic, antitumor, hemopoetic neuroregenerative, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, radio-sensitizing, rejuvenating, antistress, sedative, hypoglycemic, thyroprotective, adaptogenic, antispasmodic, immunomodulatory, immunostimulant and antiaging properties. The simultaneous quantitative analysis of six major bioactive withanolides in five varieties of WS and in different plant parts (root, stem and leaf) of WS was accomplished. This method is also applicable to control the quality of commercially formulated products which contain WS bioactive compounds. Results indicated the WS variety NMITLI-135 showed the maximum abundance of withanolides at pH 8.5, EC-0.5 dS m−1, ESP-13 in sodic soil. Our results showed this readily available, rapid and reliable method is suitable for the routine analysis and effective quality control of raw materials and finished products. FEATURES Presents a collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific analytical and pharmacological evidence of important medicinal plants of Withania somnifera Useful for natural product researchers, faculty, students and herbal product manufacturers Uses advanced hyphenated techniques for assessing phytoconstituents

Phytochemicals

Author : Toshiki Asao
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789843774
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemicals by : Toshiki Asao

Download or read book Phytochemicals written by Toshiki Asao and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-11-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytochemicals provides original research work and reviews on the sources of phytochemicals, and their roles in disease prevention, supplementation, and accumulation in fruits and vegetables. The roles of anthocyanin, flavonoids, carotenoids, and taxol are presented in separate chapters. Antioxidative and free radicle scavenging activity of phytochemicals is also discussed. The medicinal properties of Opuntia, soybean, sea buckthorn, and gooseberry are presented in a number of chapters. Supplementation of plant extract with phytochemical properties in broiler meals is discussed in one chapter. The final two chapters include the impact of agricultural practices and novel processing technologies on the accumulation of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables. This book mainly focuses on medicinal plants and the disease-preventing properties of phytochemicals, which will be a useful resource to the reader.

Phytochemistry of Tinospora cordifolia

Author : Brijesh Kumar
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000071561
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Tinospora cordifolia by : Brijesh Kumar

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Tinospora cordifolia written by Brijesh Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tinospora cordifolia stem is used as a tonic, vitalizer, and as a remedy for metabolic disorders to treat allergies, diabetes, dysentery, jaundice, heart diseases, leprosy, rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and urinary disorders. It shows anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic actions and immunosuppressive effects. This book focuses on providing gender and geographical location-based differences in the phytoconstituents of T. cordifolia by the liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method. These methods have potential use in the quality control of T. cordifolia and the screening of herbal preparations. Features: Compilation of ayurvedic features of one of the most important plants of the Indian system of medicines. Useful for all ayurvedic practitioners, researchers, faculty, students, and herbal product manufacturers. Application of advance hyphenated LC-MS techniques for variation study in phytoconstituents.

Phytochemistry of Piper betle Landraces

Author : Vikas Bajpai
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100007157X
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phytochemistry of Piper betle Landraces by : Vikas Bajpai

Download or read book Phytochemistry of Piper betle Landraces written by Vikas Bajpai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Piper betle (betel vine) a pan-Asiatic, tropical plant, which can also grow under mild subtropical areas, is essentially grown for leaves which are chewed with array of additives besides slaked lime. The plant is cultivated widely in India and its surrounding areas. Phytochemistry of Piper betel landraces presents a brief on the distribution, historical and cultural aspects, and properties ascribed to this plant in the ancient texts. Phytochemical and pharmacological information has also been included to underscore the importance of this plant in the present time. A detailed account on metabolic profiling employing modern methods is included, such as real-time, direct analysis of the flight mass spectrometric method and chemometric analysis for characterization of the available biodiversity and signatures specific to gender and geographical location. It was also possible to identify the gender of unknown landraces, with the help of principal component analysis. Features: Elaborates on the chemical diversity within Piper betle. Piper betle leaves have mouth freshening antimicrobial compounds. Use of chemical signatures for the identification of different Piper betle landraces, their gender and geographical locations.