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Physiological Pathology Of Charcoal Rot Of Sorghum Incited By Macrophomina Phaseolina Tassi Goid
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Book Synopsis Physiological Pathology of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Incited by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid by : B. Venkata Rao
Download or read book Physiological Pathology of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Incited by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid written by B. Venkata Rao and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pathologicl, Physiological and Toxicological Investigations on Macrophominon Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid Incitant of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum by : T. Ganga Nageswar Rao
Download or read book Pathologicl, Physiological and Toxicological Investigations on Macrophominon Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid Incitant of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum written by T. Ganga Nageswar Rao and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Studies on the Effect of Rhizosphere on Development of Charcoal Rot in Sorghum and Saprophytic Survival of Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid). by : G. Sekhar
Download or read book Studies on the Effect of Rhizosphere on Development of Charcoal Rot in Sorghum and Saprophytic Survival of Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid). written by G. Sekhar and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Variation in Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, Causing Charcoal Rot of Sorghum by : SUBRAMANIAM J
Download or read book Variation in Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, Causing Charcoal Rot of Sorghum written by SUBRAMANIAM J and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Further Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi Goid). by : Adsul S S.
Download or read book Further Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi Goid). written by Adsul S S. and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Epidemiology, Induction of Systemic Resistance and Management of Charcoal Rot of Sesame Incited by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid [With CD Copy] by : Ramesh Nath Gupta
Download or read book Epidemiology, Induction of Systemic Resistance and Management of Charcoal Rot of Sesame Incited by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid [With CD Copy] written by Ramesh Nath Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Eco-friendly Management of Charcoal Rot of Sesame Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. [With CD Copy] by : Preeti
Download or read book Eco-friendly Management of Charcoal Rot of Sesame Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. [With CD Copy] written by Preeti and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding the Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Charcoal Rot Resistance Mechanisms in Sorghum and Soybean by : Afsana Noor
Download or read book Understanding the Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Charcoal Rot Resistance Mechanisms in Sorghum and Soybean written by Afsana Noor and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charcoal rot (CR) of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is caused by the hemibiotrophic soilborne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (MP) and is an important pathogen in the midwestern United States. Complex molecular mechanisms underlie the interaction of MP with these two hosts, which impedes resistance breeding. To select for charcoal rot resistance, a thorough understanding of the host's physiological and molecular responses to MP along with screening of genotypes with resistance to CR is essential. To understand MP induced host's physiological and molecular responses, first we investigated MP-induced oxidative stress-mediated senescence by using the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger ascorbic acid in soybean seedlings. Three soybean isolates of MP were tested for their sensitivity to ascorbic acid using an in-vitro assay. An in-planta soybean cut-stem assay was used for the exogenous application of ascorbic acid (oxidized and reduced form) following inoculation with MP. A ROS (H2O2) quantification assay was used to validate H2O2 induced by MP and ascorbic acid pre-treatment. All three MP isolates were sensitive to ascorbic acid concentrations of ≥15 mM. Ascorbic acid (10mM) pre-treatment following MP inoculation reduced CR lesion length compared to inoculated treatment. MP induced a significantly higher H2O2 than ascorbic acid pre-treated inoculated plant. Second, through comparative transcriptomics, MP-resistant and susceptible soybean genotypes revealed contrasted responses to MP-induced senescence. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis showed MP-induced receptor kinase like genes in both genotypes while down-regulated defense related antioxidant, hormonal, and other metabolic pathways in both genotypes. Ascorbic acid pre-treatment induced a more significant number of photosynthesis genes in both genotypes. Hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment following inoculation showed up-regulation of oxidative stress responsive pathways while down-regulated photosynthesis and hormonal signal transduction pathways. Third, the NAM phenotyping for CR resistance results of location- and year-wise data showed strong genotype by environment interactions. Overall, using MP screening, charcoal rot resistance phenotyping in the NAM parental lines revealed the genotype SC1103 as the most resistant line and Segaolane and Macia as the most susceptible. The SC1103 NAM family-derived population can be used for charcoal rot resistance in association studies to map charcoal rot resistance.
Book Synopsis Dissecting the Molecular Responses of Sorghum Bicolor to Macrophomina Phaseolina Infection by : Y. M. Ananda Yapa Bandara
Download or read book Dissecting the Molecular Responses of Sorghum Bicolor to Macrophomina Phaseolina Infection written by Y. M. Ananda Yapa Bandara and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charcoal rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., is an important disease in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The molecular interactions between sorghum and M. phaseolina are poorly understood. In this study, a large-scale RNA-Seq experiment and four follow-up functional experiments were conducted to understand the molecular basis of charcoal rot resistance and/or susceptibility in sorghum. In the first experiment, stalk mRNA was extracted from charcoal-rot-resistant (SC599) and susceptible (Tx7000) genotypes and subjected to RNA sequencing. Upon M. phaseolina inoculation, 8560 genes were differentially expressed between the two genotypes, out of which 2053 were components of 200 known metabolic pathways. Many of these pathways were significantly up-regulated in the susceptible genotype and are thought to contribute to enhanced pathogen nutrition and virulence, impeded host basal immunity, and reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS)-mediated host cell death. The paradoxical hormonal regulation observed in pathogen-inoculated Tx7000 was characterized by strongly upregulated salicylic acid and down-regulated jasmonic acid pathways. These findings provided useful insights into induced host susceptibility in response to this necrotrophic fungus at the whole-genome scale. The second experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamics of host oxidative stress under pathogen infection. Results showed M. phaseolina's ability to significantly increase the ROS and RNS content of two charcoal-rot-susceptible genotypes, Tx7000 and BTx3042. Over-accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) in stalk tissues in the pathogen-inoculated susceptible genotypes was confirmed using a NO-specific fluorescent probe and confocal microscopy. Significantly increased malondialdehyde content confirmed the enhanced oxidative stress experienced by the susceptible genotypes after pathogen inoculation. These findings suggested the contribution of oxidative stress-associated induced cell death on charcoal rot susceptibility under infection. In the third functional experiment, the behavior of the sorghum antioxidant system after pathogen inoculation was investigated. M. phaseolina significantly increased the glutathione s- transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and peroxidase activities of the susceptible genotypes (Tx7000, BTx3042) but not in the resistant genotypes (SC599, SC35). Increased activities of these enzymes in susceptible genotypes may contribute to reduced oxidative stress thus lowering charcoal rot susceptibility. The fourth functional experiment was designed to quantify induced host-derived cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) using crude enzyme mixtures from stalks. A gel diffusion assay revealed significantly increased pectinesterase activity in pathogen-inoculated Tx7000 and BTx3042 while significantly increased polygalacturonase activity was determined by absorbance. Fluorimetric determination of cell extracts revealed significantly increased cellulose degrading enzyme activity in M. phaseolina-inoculated Tx7000 and BTx3042. These findings revealed the pathogen's ability to promote charcoal rot susceptibility in grain sorghum through induced host CWDEs. The last functional study was designed to profile the stalk tissue lipidome of Tx7000 and SC599 after M. phaseolina inoculation using automated direct infusion electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). M. phaseolina significantly decreased the phytosterol, phosphatidylserine, and ox-lipid contents in Tx7000 while significantly increasing stigmasterol:sitosterol ratio. Except for ox-lipid content, none of the above was significantly affected in resistant SC599. Results suggested the lethal impacts of M. phaseolina inoculation on plastid- and cell- membrane integrity and the lipid-based signaling capacity of Tx7000. Findings shed light on the host lipid classes that contribute to induced charcoal rot susceptibility in grain sorghum.
Book Synopsis Genetic Analysis of Yield Components and Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) Resistance in Rabi Sorghum (sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench). by : K. Hussain Sahib
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Yield Components and Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) Resistance in Rabi Sorghum (sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench). written by K. Hussain Sahib and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Identification of Fungi by : Youssuf Gherbawy
Download or read book Molecular Identification of Fungi written by Youssuf Gherbawy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-03 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fungi enjoy great popularity in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and biotechnological applications. Recent advances in the decipherment of whole fungal genomes promise an acceleration of these trends. This timely book links scientists from different parts of the world who are interested in the molecular identification of fungi combined with the exploration of the fungal biodiversity in different ecosystems. It provides a compendium for scientists who rely on a rapid and reliable detection of fungal specimens in environmental as well as clinical resources in order to ensure the benefit of industrial and clinical applications. Chapters focus on the opportunities and limits of the molecular marker-mediated identification of fungi. Various methods, procedures and strategies are outlined. Furthermore, the book offers an update of the current progress in the development of fungal molecular techniques, and draws attention to potential and associated problems, as well as integrating theory and practice.
Book Synopsis Macrophomina Phaseolina by : Pankaj Kumar
Download or read book Macrophomina Phaseolina written by Pankaj Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-08 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macrophomina Phaseolina: Ecobiology, Pathology and Management provides insights into the sustainable prevention and treatment of this wide-spread challenge to plant health. With a focus on agricultural as well as non-food plant challenges, the book highlights diverse approaches and provides central insights. The pathogen?of M. phaseolina affects the fibrovascular system of roots and basal internodes of its host, impeding the transport of water and nutrients to the upper parts of the plant, thus resulting in progressive wilting, premature drying and dying, loss of vigor, and reduced yield. Finally, the book explores the interaction of M. phaseolina with soil, microbes and ecological conditions to control disease-causing strategies. Recognizing the necessity that strategies applied to manage the disease should have no or minimum effect on ecological resources, the book focuses on alternative sustainable management technologies such as mix-cropping, the use of antagonistic bacteria and fungi and microbial biosurfactants, plant growth promoting antagonistic rhizobacteria and how cultural practices may also play an important role. Identifies plant diseases caused by Macrophomina phaseolina Explores M. phaseolina genetic diversity Highlights pesticide tolerance and alternative control options
Book Synopsis Standard System for the Evaluation of Bean Germplasm by : Aart van Schoonhoven
Download or read book Standard System for the Evaluation of Bean Germplasm written by Aart van Schoonhoven and published by CIAT. This book was released on 1987 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standart evaluation scale and its use; Developmental stages of the common bean plant; Measurement of general agronomic characteristics; Measurement of damage caused by diseases; Measurement of damage caused by nematodes; Measurement of damage caused by arthropods; Measurement of tolerance to soil and climatic factores.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Florists' Crops Diseases by : Robert J. McGovern
Download or read book Handbook of Florists' Crops Diseases written by Robert J. McGovern and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Disease Resistance in Crop Plants by : Shabir Hussain Wani
Download or read book Disease Resistance in Crop Plants written by Shabir Hussain Wani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human population is escalating at an enormous pace and is estimated to reach 9.7 billion by 2050. As a result, there will be an increase in demand for agricultural production by 60–110% between the years 2005 and 2050 at the global level; the number will be even more drastic in the developing world. Pathogens, animals, and weeds are altogether responsible for between 20 to 40 % of global agricultural productivity decrease. As such, managing disease development in plants continues to be a major strategy to ensure adequate food supply for the world. Accordingly, both the public and private sectors are moving to harness the tools and paradigms that promise resistance against pests and diseases. While the next generation of disease resistance research is progressing, maximum disease resistance traits are expected to be polygenic in nature and controlled by selective genes positioned at putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs). It has also been realized that sources of resistance are generally found in wild relatives or cultivars of lesser agronomic significance. However, introgression of disease resistance traits into commercial crop varieties typically involves many generations of backcrossing to transmit a promising genotype. Molecular marker-assisted breeding (MAB) has been found to facilitate the pre-selection of traits even prior to their expression. To date, researchers have utilized disease resistance genes (R-genes) in different crops including cereals, pulses, and oilseeds and other economically important plants, to improve productivity. Interestingly, comparison of different R genes that empower plants to resist an array of pathogens has led to the realization that the proteins encoded by these genes have numerous features in common. The above observation therefore suggests that plants may have co-evolved signal transduction pathways to adopt resistance against a wide range of divergent pathogens. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary for pathogen identification and a thorough dissection of the cellular responses to biotic stresses will certainly open new vistas for sustainable crop disease management. This book summarizes the recent advances in molecular and genetic techniques that have been successfully applied to impart disease resistance for plants and crops. It integrates the contributions from plant scientists targeting disease resistance mechanisms using molecular, genetic, and genomic approaches. This collection therefore serves as a reference source for scientists, academicians and post graduate students interested in or are actively engaged in dissecting disease resistance in plants using advanced genetic tools.
Book Synopsis Current Trends in Plant Disease Diagnostics and Management Practices by : Pradeep Kumar
Download or read book Current Trends in Plant Disease Diagnostics and Management Practices written by Pradeep Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant diseases play an important role on our daily lives. Most of plant diseases are visible and are caused by biotic and/or abiotic factors. Symptoms are usually the results of a morphological change, alteration or damage to plant tissue and/or cells due to an interference of the plant’s metabolism. All basic structures of vascular plants are subject to attack by pathogens. The failure in accurate disease diagnosis and management may lead to huge losses in plant production and related commodities, which causes nutritional food scarcity. Typically, the appearance of a biotic symptom will indicate the relatively late stage of an infection and/or colonization of a pathogen. Expert detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely management play a significant role in keeping plants free from pathogens. In this book expert scholars share their research knowledge and key literature which are vital toward the diagnosis of plant diseases across the globe, addressing traditional plant pathology techniques, as well as advanced molecular diagnostic approach.
Book Synopsis Biocontrol Agents and Secondary Metabolites by : Sudisha Jogaiah
Download or read book Biocontrol Agents and Secondary Metabolites written by Sudisha Jogaiah and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biocontrol and Secondary Metabolites: Applications and Immunization for Plant Growth and Protection covers established and updated research on emerging trends in plant defense signaling in, and during, stress phases. Other topics cover growth at interface as a sustainable way of life and the context of human welfare and conservation of fungi as a group of organisms. Further, the book explores induced systemic resistance using biocontrol agents and/or secondary metabolites as a milestone for sustainable agricultural production, thus providing opportunities for the minimization or elimination of the use of fungicides. Presents an overview on mechanisms by which plants protect themselves against herbivory and pathogenic microbes Identifies the use of immunization as a popular and effective alternative to chemical pesticides Explores how these fungi help crop plants in better uptake of soil nutrients, increase soil fertility, produce growth promoting substances, and secrete metabolites that act as bio-pesticides
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