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Physiological And Biochemical Changes In The Soybean Glycine Max Cultivars Essex And Forrest In Response To Water Deficit Stress
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Book Synopsis Physiological and Biochemical Changes in the Soybean (Glycine Max) Cultivars Essex and Forrest in Response to Water-deficit Stress by : Bhunesh Kothanur
Download or read book Physiological and Biochemical Changes in the Soybean (Glycine Max) Cultivars Essex and Forrest in Response to Water-deficit Stress written by Bhunesh Kothanur and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought and water-deficit adversely affect plant productivity. Limited water is a multidimensional stress that induces a number of molecular, biochemical and physiological changes in affected plants. These changes include altered photosynthetic capacity, altered gas exchange and the accumulation of secondary compounds. Glycine max (L.) Merrill (soybean) is an important crop and drought is a major limitation to soybean yield world--wide. The objective of this study is to monitor the physiological and biochemical responses to water-deficit stress in seedlings of two G. max cultivars (i.e. Forrest and Essex). The responses measured are: 1) relative water content (RWC), 2) net photosynthesis, 3) stomatal conductance, 3) evaporation rate, 4) water use efficiency (WUE), 5) radiation use efficiency (RUE) and 6) trigonelline accumulation. Trigonelline is a secondary compound known to accumulate in soybean in response to salinity- and water-deficit-stress. 14 day-old seedlings of Forrest (cv.) and Essex (cv.) were grown on open benches in the SIUC greenhouse and water was withheld for six days (i.e.15-to-20 DAP). During the treatment, RWC declined in both cultivars—from 89 to 41% in Essex and 83 to 60% in Forrest. Concomitantly, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, evaporation rate, WUE and RUE also declined in both cultivars. As RWC declined, the amount of trigonelline increased in both cultivars—from 2.3 to 5.34 OD gFW-1 in Essex and 2.3 to 6.63 OD gFW -1 in Forrest. The data supports the idea that trigonelline may function as a compatible solute and that confirms the hypothesis that trigonelline is a biomarker for plant water status.
Book Synopsis Water Stress: Morphological and Anatomical Changes in Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Plants by : Phetole Mangena
Download or read book Water Stress: Morphological and Anatomical Changes in Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Plants written by Phetole Mangena and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water stress is one of the most important physiological stress factors that adversely affect soybeans in many critical aspects of their growth and metabolism. Soybean's growth, development and productivity are severely diminished, when soil or cell water potential becomes inadequate to sustain metabolic functioning. However, little has been done to gather comprehensive information regarding the specific changes that occur in water-stressed plants at the anatomical and morphological level. In this study, deviations in root growth, shoot growth, stomatal conductance, yield components and anatomical features are reported. Treatments with two levels of water stress imposed by reducing irrigation (once in 7 days or once in 15 days) revealed that, all cultivars (Dundee, LS 677, LS 678, TGx 1740-2F, TGx 1835-10E and Peking) were highly susceptible to prolonged water stress, exhibiting severe dehydration and death. A 15.0 and 30.0% survival frequency was obtained in plants irrigated once in 7 days; LS 677 and Peking, respectively. Unlike many other stresses, water deficit did not only affect the density of stomata, but, photosynthesis was affected by the lower levels of tissue CO2. These results suggest that, balanced biochemical, physiological, anatomical and morphological regulations are necessary for increased growth and yields in soybean.
Book Synopsis Physiological and Yield Responses of Soybean Cultivars to Heat and Drought Stresses by : Sadikshya Poudel
Download or read book Physiological and Yield Responses of Soybean Cultivars to Heat and Drought Stresses written by Sadikshya Poudel and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important legume crop often exposed to heat and drought stresses during reproductive and early-seed setting stages, resulting in lower yields and seed quality. Ten soybean cultivars were phenotyped for individual (drought or heat) and combined stress tolerance. Under drought, reduced stomatal conductance and increased canopy temperature significantly reduced seed number (46%) and weight (35%). Heat stress alone reduced seed number (19%) and weight (23%) compared to control. Moreover, a degree increase in daytime temperature above 32 ℗ʻC during the reproductive stage reduced seed weight by 4% and 7% under well-watered and drought conditions, respectively. Seed protein was increased under drought, while it declined under heat and combined stress compared to control. In contrast, oil content showed the opposite trend. Weak correlations between phenotypic traits under individual and combined stress suggest that selecting cultivars for individual stress tolerance may not work under combined stress conditions.
Book Synopsis Studies on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Soyabean (Glycine Max(L.) Merrill) Genotypes to Induced Water Stress by : Ch Ramesh
Download or read book Studies on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Soyabean (Glycine Max(L.) Merrill) Genotypes to Induced Water Stress written by Ch Ramesh and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiological Responses of Selected Soybean Cultivars [Glycine Max (L.) Merrill] Under Different Water Regimes by : Moe Myo Tint Aung
Download or read book Physiological Responses of Selected Soybean Cultivars [Glycine Max (L.) Merrill] Under Different Water Regimes written by Moe Myo Tint Aung and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optimizing Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Shoot Organogenesis for 'Essex' and 'Forrest' Cultivars by : Todd Patrick West
Download or read book Optimizing Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) Shoot Organogenesis for 'Essex' and 'Forrest' Cultivars written by Todd Patrick West and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiological and Developmental Responses of Normal and Dense Pubescent Soybeans [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] to Water Stress by : Gandoul I. Gandoul
Download or read book Physiological and Developmental Responses of Normal and Dense Pubescent Soybeans [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] to Water Stress written by Gandoul I. Gandoul and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiological and Biochemical Basis of Stress Tolerance in Soybean by : Md. A. Mannan
Download or read book Physiological and Biochemical Basis of Stress Tolerance in Soybean written by Md. A. Mannan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean is considered as a species sensitive to several abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and waterlogging, when compared with other legumes, and these abiotic stresses have a negative effect on soybean plants,Äô growth and crop productivity. Clearing the conception on the physiological and biochemical responses to drought is essential for an overall understanding of the mechanism of plant resistance to water-restricted conditions and for developing drought resistance screening techniques that can be used for plant breeding. Plants can adapt in response to water scarcity situations by altering cell metabolism and activating various defense mechanisms. Higher salt tolerance in resistant soybean genotypes was associated with better water relation, salt dilution by juiciness, and better osmotic adaptation with an accumulation of more amino acids, sugars, and proline. In addition, less damaging chlorophylls, higher photosynthetic efficiency and cell membrane stability, and higher calcium content contributed to the higher salt tolerance of soybean genotypes. Plants adapted to flooded conditions have mechanisms to cope with this stress. Aerenchyma formation increased availability of soluble carbohydrates, greater activity of glycolytic pathways and fermenting enzymes, and involvement of antioxidant defense mechanisms to cope with post-hypoxic/post-anoxic oxidative stress. Ethylene, a gaseous plant hormone, plays an important role in altering a plant,Äôs response to oxygen deficiency.
Book Synopsis Adaptation to Water Stress in Soybean: Morphology to Genetics by : Tuanjie Zhao
Download or read book Adaptation to Water Stress in Soybean: Morphology to Genetics written by Tuanjie Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean (Glycine max L.) is the most important legume and oilseed crop. As a leguminous crop, it plays an irreplaceable role towards the sustainable agricultural system with biological nitrogen fixation. However, its production can be dramatically decreased by the occurrence of water stress. Water stress including drought and flooding induces the morpho-physiological and biochemical changes at different growth stages, which negatively affects the adaptability and yield of soybean. Genetic diversity that ensures productivity in challenging environment exists within germplasm, their wild relatives and species that are adapted to the water stress. The discovery of gene mapping, QTLs associated with root traits, slow canopy wilting, nitrogen fixation and flooding tolerance have accomplished significant progress in breeding programs. Identification of drought-responsive genes and transcription factors such as WRKY, DREBs, ERFs, ZIP, ZFP, MYB and NAC are valuable to ameliorate the water stress in soybean. Understanding the genetic mechanism using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches would be the ultimate choice for mitigating the water stress. Integration of well-designed soybean breeding program coupled with omic techniques would pave the way for developing drought and flooding resilient soybean cultivars.
Book Synopsis Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Growth and Yield in Response to Blending Cultivars and Soil-water Adjustment by : Percy Chisanga Simwanza
Download or read book Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Growth and Yield in Response to Blending Cultivars and Soil-water Adjustment written by Percy Chisanga Simwanza and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drought Physiology of Beans by : Viviana Medina
Download or read book Drought Physiology of Beans written by Viviana Medina and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global warming's expected harsher and more extreme weather patterns will severely affect agriculture. As a matter of food security, agriculture needs to adapt to these warmer, drier conditions. The main purpose of this dissertation was to find target traits that breeders can use to select for greater drought resilience and tolerance specifically for soybean (Glycine max), tepary (Phaseolus acutifolius), lima (P. lunatus) and common bean (P. vulgaris). The initial step was to define drought and a hierarchy of drought adaptation mechanisms and appropriate experiments (Gilbert and Medina 2016). Physiological traits such as stomatal closure under high VPD, heat tolerance, and photosynthetic damage repair were assessed under field ((Chapter 1 and 3) (Medina and Gilbert 2015) or outdoors under high-light/ high-heat (conditions of Chapter 2). While species and genotype differences were apparent, the species were not considerably different, and plants successfully avoided photosynthetic damage. While physiological traits were important for tolerance, we found limited genetic variation for use in breeding programs. The new experimental protocols developed in this work allowed greater differentiation of traits than in the past (Chapter 2), explaining why this study found limited differences in comparison to past studies that had less physiological control of stress and soil water deficit. In the field, phenology differences and variations towards allocation of biomass to reproduction appeared to have the greatest influence on drought productivity (Chapter 3). Future breeding programs in Phaseolus species should thus further focus on phenology and reproductive allocation differences rather than physiology differences. The four species of leguminous crops studied here showed considerable ability to withstand soil water deficit and had sufficient physiological damage avoidance mechanisms to be effective under drought, but differed significantly more in their reproductive success under drought conditions.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Survey of International Soybean Research - Genetics, Physiology, Agronomy and Nitrogen Relationships by : James E. Board
Download or read book A Comprehensive Survey of International Soybean Research - Genetics, Physiology, Agronomy and Nitrogen Relationships written by James E. Board and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soybean is the most important oilseed and livestock feed crop in the world. These dual uses are attributed to the crop's high protein content (nearly 40% of seed weight) and oil content (approximately 20%); characteristics that are not rivaled by any other agronomic crop. Across the 10-year period from 2001 to 2010, world soybean production increased from 168 to 258 million metric tons (54% increase). Against the backdrop of soybean's striking ascendancy is increased research interest in the crop throughout the world. Information in this book presents a comprehensive view of research efforts in genetics, plant physiology, agronomy, agricultural economics, and nitrogen relationships that will benefit soybean stakeholders and scientists throughout the world. We hope you enjoy the book.
Download or read book The Soybean written by Guriqbal Singh and published by CABI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean is a crop of global importance and is one of most frequently cultivated crops worldwide. It is rich in oil and protein, used for human and animal consumption as well as for industrial purposes. Soybean plants also play an important role in crop diversification and benefit the growth of other crops, adding nitrogen to the soil during crop rotation. With contributions from eminent researchers from around the world, The Soybean provides a concise coverage of all aspects of this important crop, including genetics and physiology, varietal improvement, production and protection technology, utilization and nutritional value.
Book Synopsis Plant, Abiotic Stress and Responses to Climate Change by : Violeta Andjelkovic
Download or read book Plant, Abiotic Stress and Responses to Climate Change written by Violeta Andjelkovic and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is a serious problem influencing agricultural production worldwide and challenging researchers to investigate plant responses and to breed crops for the changed growing conditions. Abiotic stresses are the most important for crop production, affecting about 96.5% of arable land worldwide. These stress factors include high and low temperature, water deficit (drought) and flooding, salinity, heavy metals, UV radiation, light, chemical pollutants, and so on. Since some of the stresses occurred simultaneously, such as heat and water deficit, causing the interactions of physiological processes, novel multidisciplinary solutions are needed. This book provides an overview of the present state in the research of abiotic stresses and molecular, biochemical, and whole plant responses, helping to prevent the negative impact of global climate change.
Book Synopsis Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index by :
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies by : B. Venkateswarlu
Download or read book Crop Stress and its Management: Perspectives and Strategies written by B. Venkateswarlu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crops experience an assortment of environmental stresses which include abiotic viz., drought, water logging, salinity, extremes of temperature, high variability in radiation, subtle but perceptible changes in atmospheric gases and biotic viz., insects, birds, other pests, weeds, pathogens (viruses and other microbes). The ability to tolerate or adapt and overwinter by effectively countering these stresses is a very multifaceted phenomenon. In addition, the inability to do so which renders the crops susceptible is again the result of various exogenous and endogenous interactions in the ecosystem. Both biotic and abiotic stresses occur at various stages of plant development and frequently more than one stress concurrently affects the crop. Stresses result in both universal and definite effects on plant growth and development. One of the imposing tasks for the crop researchers globally is to distinguish and to diminish effects of these stress factors on the performance of crop plants, especially with respect to yield and quality of harvested products. This is of special significance in view of the impending climate change, with complex consequences for economically profitable and ecologically and environmentally sound global agriculture. The challenge at the hands of the crop scientist in such a scenario is to promote a competitive and multifunctional agriculture, leading to the production of highly nourishing, healthy and secure food and animal feed as well as raw materials for a wide variety of industrial applications. In order to successfully meet this challenge researchers have to understand the various aspects of these stresses in view of the current development from molecules to ecosystems. The book will focus on broad research areas in relation to these stresses which are in the forefront in contemporary crop stress research.
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