Phreatology

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After Phrenology

Author : Michael L. Anderson
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262028107
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis After Phrenology by : Michael L. Anderson

Download or read book After Phrenology written by Michael L. Anderson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proposal for a fully post-phrenological neuroscience that details the evolutionary roots of functional diversity in brain regions and networks. The computer analogy of the mind has been as widely adopted in contemporary cognitive neuroscience as was the analogy of the brain as a collection of organs in phrenology. Just as the phrenologist would insist that each organ must have its particular function, so contemporary cognitive neuroscience is committed to the notion that each brain region must have its fundamental computation. In After Phrenology, Michael Anderson argues that to achieve a fully post-phrenological science of the brain, we need to reassess this commitment and devise an alternate, neuroscientifically grounded taxonomy of mental function. Anderson contends that the cognitive roles played by each region of the brain are highly various, reflecting different neural partnerships established under different circumstances. He proposes quantifying the functional properties of neural assemblies in terms of their dispositional tendencies rather than their computational or information-processing operations. Exploring larger-scale issues, and drawing on evidence from embodied cognition, Anderson develops a picture of thinking rooted in the exploitation and extension of our early-evolving capacity for iterated interaction with the world. He argues that the multidimensional approach to the brain he describes offers a much better fit for these findings, and a more promising road toward a unified science of minded organisms.

Phrenology

Author : Orson Squire Fowler
Publisher : Chelsea House Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780877541431
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis Phrenology by : Orson Squire Fowler

Download or read book Phrenology written by Orson Squire Fowler and published by Chelsea House Publications. This book was released on 1969 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Materials of the Mind

Author : James Poskett
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226820645
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials of the Mind by : James Poskett

Download or read book Materials of the Mind written by James Poskett and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-02-19 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phrenology was the most popular mental science of the Victorian age. From American senators to Indian social reformers, this new mental science found supporters stretching around the globe. Materials of the Mind tells the story of how phrenology changed the world--and how the world changed phrenology. This is a story of skulls from the Arctic, plaster casts from Haiti, books from Bengal, and letters from the Pacific. Drawing on far-flung museum and archival collections, and addressing sources in six different languages, Materials of the Mind is the first substantial account of science in the nineteenth century as part of global history. It shows how the circulation of material culture underpinned the emergence of a new materialist philosophy of the mind, while also demonstrating how a global approach to history could help us reassess issues such as race, technology, and politics today.

Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism

Author : John van Wyhe
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351911295
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism by : John van Wyhe

Download or read book Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism written by John van Wyhe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a reassessment of phrenology, Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism sheds light on all kinds of works in Victorian Britain and America which have previously been unnoticed or were simply referred to with a vague 'naturalism of the times' explanation. It is often assumed that the scientific naturalism familiar in late nineteenth century writers such as T.H. Huxley and John Tyndall are the effects of a 'Darwinian revolution' unleashed in 1859 on an unsuspecting world following the publication of The Origin of Species. Yet it can be misleading to view Darwin's work in isolation, without locating it in the context of a well established and vigorous debate concerning scientific naturalism. Throughout the nineteenth century intellectuals and societies had been discussing the relationship between nature and man, and the scientific and religious implications thereof. At the forefront of these debates were the advocates of phrenology, who sought to apply their theories to a wide range of subjects, from medicine and the treatment of the insane, to education, theology and even economic theories. Showing how ideas about naturalism and the doctrine of natural laws were born in the early phrenology controversies in the 1820s, this book charts the spread of such views. It argues that one book in particular, The Constitution of Man in Relation to External Objects (1828) by George Combe, had an enormous influence on scientific thinking and the popularity of the 'naturalistic movement'. The Constitution was one of the best-selling books of the nineteenth century, being published continuously from 1828 to 1899, and selling more than 350,000 copies throughout the world, many times more than Dawin's The Origin of Species. By restoring Combe and his work to centre stage it provides modern scholars with a more accurate picture of the Victorians' view of their place in Nature.

Vaught's Practical Character Reader

Author : Louis Allen Vaught
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Vaught's Practical Character Reader by : Louis Allen Vaught

Download or read book Vaught's Practical Character Reader written by Louis Allen Vaught and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this book is to acquaint all with the elements of human nature and enable them to read these elements in all men, women and children in all countries"--Preface.

Lectures on Phrenology

Author : George Combe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Lectures on Phrenology by : George Combe

Download or read book Lectures on Phrenology written by George Combe and published by . This book was released on 1839 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Organ of Murder

Author : Courtney E. Thompson
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1978813082
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis An Organ of Murder by : Courtney E. Thompson

Download or read book An Organ of Murder written by Courtney E. Thompson and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-12 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finalist for the 2022 Cheiron Book Prize An Organ of Murder explores the origins of both popular and elite theories of criminality in the nineteenth-century United States, focusing in particular on the influence of phrenology. In the United States, phrenology shaped the production of medico-legal knowledge around crime, the treatment of the criminal within prisons and in public discourse, and sociocultural expectations about the causes of crime. The criminal was phrenology’s ideal research and demonstration subject, and the courtroom and the prison were essential spaces for the staging of scientific expertise. In particular, phrenology constructed ways of looking as well as a language for identifying, understanding, and analyzing criminals and their actions. This work traces the long-lasting influence of phrenological visual culture and language in American culture, law, and medicine, as well as the practical uses of phrenology in courts, prisons, and daily life.

Phrenology

Author : Stackpool Edward O'Dell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phrenology by : Stackpool Edward O'Dell

Download or read book Phrenology written by Stackpool Edward O'Dell and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Cultural Meaning of Popular Science

Author : Roger Cooter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521227438
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (274 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cultural Meaning of Popular Science by : Roger Cooter

Download or read book The Cultural Meaning of Popular Science written by Roger Cooter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study concentrates on the social and ideological functions of science during the consolidation of urban industrial society.

Gall, Spurzheim, and the Phrenological Movement

Author : Paul Eling
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000388387
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Gall, Spurzheim, and the Phrenological Movement by : Paul Eling

Download or read book Gall, Spurzheim, and the Phrenological Movement written by Paul Eling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1790s in Vienna, German physician Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) came forth with a new doctrine dealing with mind, brain and behavior—one that could account for individual differences. He maintained that there are many independent faculties of mind, each associated with a separate part of the brain. He fine-tuned his ideas and published two sets of books presenting them after he and his assistant, Johann Gaspar Spurzheim, settled in Paris in 1807. Gall's ideas had many supporters but were controversial and unsettling to others. In particular, the opposition ridiculed his belief that skull features reflect the growth of specific, underlying cortical organs, and hence correlate with personality traits (i.e., his ‘bumpology’). Gall’s fundamental ideas about the mind and organization of the brain were debated across the globe, and they also began to be exploited by unscrupulous businessmen, ‘professors’ who ‘read skulls’ for a living. But, as some historians have shown, his ideas about mind, brain and behavior led to the modern neurosciences. The chapters collected in this volume provide new insights into Gall’s thinking and what Spurzheim did, and the faddish movement called ‘phrenology’, which originated as a science of humankind but became a popular source of entertainment. All chapters were originally published in various issues of the Journal of the History of the Neurosciences.

How to Read Character

Author : Samuel Roberts Wells
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis How to Read Character by : Samuel Roberts Wells

Download or read book How to Read Character written by Samuel Roberts Wells and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Measure of Perfection

Author : Charles Colbert
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 9780807846735
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (467 download)

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Book Synopsis A Measure of Perfection by : Charles Colbert

Download or read book A Measure of Perfection written by Charles Colbert and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite its widespread popularity in antebellum America, phrenology has rarely been taken seriously as a cultural phenomenon. Charles Colbert seeks to redress this neglect by demonstrating the important contributions the theory made to artistic developmen

Blinded by Science

Author : Wastell, David
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1447322347
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (473 download)

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Book Synopsis Blinded by Science by : Wastell, David

Download or read book Blinded by Science written by Wastell, David and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There's no hotter area of science, at least as far as the general media and laypeople are concerned, than neuroscience--every day we hear of dramatic, surprising discoveries that seem to have the potential to utterly change our understanding of how the mind works. This book offers the first thorough review of such claims and the new biological science behind them. It examines the actual and potential applications of neuroscience within social policy and the impact of neuroscientific discoveries on long-standing moral debates and professional practices throughout social work, mental health practice, and criminal justice.

Franz Joseph Gall

Author : Stanley Finger
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190464623
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Franz Joseph Gall by : Stanley Finger

Download or read book Franz Joseph Gall written by Stanley Finger and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) was always a controversial figure, as was his doctrine, later called phrenology. Although often portrayed as a discredited buffoon, who believed he could assess a person's strengths and weaknesses by measuring cranial bumps, he was, in fact, a serious physician-scientist, who strove to answer timely questions about the mind, brain, and behavior. In many ways a remarkable visionary, his seminal ideas would become tenets of modern behavioral neuroscience. Among other things, he was the first scientist to promote publicly the idea of specialized cortical areas for diverse higher functions, while taking metaphysics out of his new science of mind. Moreover, although he obviously placed too much emphasis on "tell-tale" skull features (mistakenly believing that the cranium faithfully reflects the features of underlying brain areas), he fully understood the strength of "convergent operations," conducting neuroanatomical, developmental, cross-species, gender-comparison, and brain-damage studies on both humans and animals in his attempts to unravel the mysteries of brain organization. Rather than looking upon Gall's "organology" as one of science's great mistakes, this book provides a fresh look at the man and his doctrine. The authors delve into his motives, what was known about the brain during the 1790s, and the cultural demands of his time. Gall is rightfully presented as an early-19th-century biologist, anthropologist, philosopher, and physician with an inquisitive mind and a challenging agenda--namely, how to account for species and individual differences in behavior. In this well-researched book, readers learn why, starting as a young physician in Vienna and continuing his life's work in Paris, he chose to study the mind and the brain, why he employed his various methods, why he relied so heavily on cranial features, and why he wrote what he did in his books. Frequently using Gall's own words, they show his impact in various domains, including his approach to the insane and criminals, before concluding with his final illness and more lasting legacy.

Edgar Allan Poe in Context

Author : Kevin J. Hayes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107009979
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Edgar Allan Poe in Context by : Kevin J. Hayes

Download or read book Edgar Allan Poe in Context written by Kevin J. Hayes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spend the holidays with the Master of the Macabre

Head Masters

Author : Stephen Tomlinson
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
ISBN 13 : 0817357637
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Head Masters by : Stephen Tomlinson

Download or read book Head Masters written by Stephen Tomlinson and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributes to a better understanding of Horace Mann and the educational reform movement he advanced Head Masters challenges the assumption that phrenology—the study of the conformation of the skull as it relates to mental faculties and character—played only a minor and somewhat anecdotal role in the development of education. Stephen Tomlinson asserts instead that phrenology was a scientifically respectable theory of human nature, perhaps the first solid physiological psychology. He shows that the first phrenologists were among the most prominent scientists and intellectuals of their day, and that the concept was eagerly embraced by leading members of the New England medical community. Following its progression from European theorists Franz-Joseph Gall, Johan Gasper Spurzheim, and George Combe to Americans Horace Mann and Samuel Gridley Howe, Tomlinson traces the origins of phrenological theory and examines how its basic principles of human classification, inheritance, and development provided a foundation for the progressive practices advocated by middle-class reformers such as Combe and Mann. He also elucidates the ways in which class, race, and gender stereotypes permeated 19th century thought and how popular views of nature, mind, and society supported a secular curriculum favoring the use of disciplinary practices based on physiology. This study ultimately offers a reconsideration of the ideas and theories that motivated education reformers such as Mann and Howe, and a reassessment of Combe, who, though hardly known by contemporary scholars, emerges as one of the most important and influential educators of the 19th century.

The Skeptic's Dictionary

Author : Robert Carroll
Publisher : Turner Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 1118045637
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The Skeptic's Dictionary by : Robert Carroll

Download or read book The Skeptic's Dictionary written by Robert Carroll and published by Turner Publishing Company. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wealth of evidence for doubters and disbelievers "Whether it's the latest shark cartilage scam, or some new 'repressed memory' idiocy that besets you, I suggest you carry a copy of this dictionary at all times, or at least have it within reach as first aid for psychic attacks. We need all the help we can get." -James Randi, President, James Randi Educational Foundation, randi.org "From alternative medicine, aliens, and psychics to the farthest shores of science and beyond, Robert Carroll presents a fascinating look at some of humanity's most strange and wonderful ideas. Refreshing and witty, both believers and unbelievers will find this compendium complete and captivating. Buy this book and feed your head!" -Clifford Pickover, author of The Stars of Heaven and Dreaming the Future "A refreshing compendium of clear thinking, a welcome and potent antidote to the reams of books on the supernatural and pseudoscientific." -John Allen Paulos, author of Innumeracy and A Mathematician Reads the Newspaper "This book covers an amazing range of topics and can protect many people from being scammed." -Stephen Barrett, M.D., quackwatch.org Featuring close to 400 definitions, arguments, and essays on topics ranging from acupuncture to zombies, The Skeptic's Dictionary is a lively, commonsense trove of detailed information on all things supernatural, occult, paranormal, and pseudoscientific. It covers such categories as alternative medicine; cryptozoology; extraterrestrials and UFOs; frauds and hoaxes; junk science; logic and perception; New Age energy; and the psychic. For the open-minded seeker, the soft or hardened skeptic, and the believing doubter, this book offers a remarkable range of information that puts to the test the best arguments of true believers.