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Phrase Structure And The Lexicon
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Book Synopsis Phrase Structure and the Lexicon by : J. Rooryck
Download or read book Phrase Structure and the Lexicon written by J. Rooryck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V, ThemelPatients to the lowest specifier of V', and Agents to a position outside the minimal VP. Again, thematic information is encoded in terms of configurational properties. Addressing the issue of phrase structure in another domain, Margaret Speas investigates the status of null pronominal objects in Navajo. Following Rizzi (1986), she assumes that null pronouns must meet both a licensing and an identification condition. More specifically, she demonstrates that distributional restrictions on null pronominal objects in Navajo can be explained if it is assumed that null objects obey the identification condition expressed by the Generalized Control Rule of Huang (1984). Distinguishing three types of null objects, she argues that relevant licensing condition on two subtypes of null objects involves rich agreement. However, it appears that there are languages lacking rich agreement but with pro in object position. Speas accounts for these phenomena by a rule of economy of projection. A second series of papers is concerned with the way in which functional categories derive aspects of sentential interpretation. Three issues in this research program are investigated here: external arguments as arguments of functional projections (Kratzer), the specificity interpretation of clitics (Sportiche), and the interpretation of tense (Stowell). In all three cases, phrase structure is put to use to derive interpretive effects. Angelika Kratzer proposes that external arguments are not part of the verb.
Book Synopsis Phrase Structure in Natural Language by : M.J. Speas
Download or read book Phrase Structure in Natural Language written by M.J. Speas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar by : Stefan Müller
Download or read book Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar written by Stefan Müller and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 1632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) is a constraint-based or declarative approach to linguistic knowledge, which analyses all descriptive levels (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics) with feature value pairs, structure sharing, and relational constraints. In syntax it assumes that expressions have a single relatively simple constituent structure. This volume provides a state-of-the-art introduction to the framework. Various chapters discuss basic assumptions and formal foundations, describe the evolution of the framework, and go into the details of the main syntactic phenomena. Further chapters are devoted to non-syntactic levels of description. The book also considers related fields and research areas (gesture, sign languages, computational linguistics) and includes chapters comparing HPSG with other frameworks (Lexical Functional Grammar, Categorial Grammar, Construction Grammar, Dependency Grammar, and Minimalism).
Book Synopsis Analyzing Grammar by : Paul R. Kroeger
Download or read book Analyzing Grammar written by Paul R. Kroeger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-05-05 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzing Grammar is a clear introductory textbook on grammatical analysis, designed for students beginning to study the discipline. Covering both syntax (the structure of phrases and sentences) and morphology (the structure of words), it equips them with the tools and methods needed to analyze grammatical patterns in any language. Students are shown how to use standard notational devices such as phrase structure trees and word-formation rules, as well as prose descriptions. Emphasis is placed on comparing the different grammatical systems of the world's languages, and students are encouraged to practice the analyses through a diverse range of problem sets and exercises. Topics covered include word order, constituency, case, agreement, tense, gender, pronoun systems, inflection, derivation, argument structure and grammatical relations, and a useful glossary provides a clear explanation of each term. Accessibly written and comprehensive, Analyzing Grammar is set to become a key text for all courses in grammatical analysis.
Book Synopsis Views on Phrase Structure by : K. Leffel
Download or read book Views on Phrase Structure written by K. Leffel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: O. PRELIMINARY REMARKS Initial drafts of the papers in this collection were presented in a con ference entitled 'Views on Phrase Structure', held at the University of Florida, Gainesville, in March, 1989. Eleven of the twenty-three partici pants in the conference were able to contribute to this volume. The purpose of the conference was to explore theories of phrase structure in their relation to other subsystems of grammar and/or systems of nonlinguistic knowledge. Some of the grammatical subsystems which the authors consider are theta-theory, movement, Case, and binding; a number of papers address how the conceptual system and/or aspects of language use may interact. Unifying the various approaches and perspectives is an attempt to furnish hypotheses concerning prin ciples of phrase structure with some sort of independent justification. 1. PHRASE STRUCTURE THEORY: A BRIEF HISTORY A basic outline for a theory of phrase structure theory is accepted by all of the authors here; it is known as 'X-bar theory'. The concepts of X-bar theory are expressed in some form by a number of pre-generative linguists. For example, Bloomfield (1933) contrasted endocentric struc tures such as noun phrases and verb phrases with those he considered exocentric, e. g. prepositional phrases and clauses. Jespersen (1933), while presenting a functional system of description (in terms of 'ranks', where rank one is 'nominal', for example), clarified the relations among the head of a phrase, its modifier, and a phrase which modifies the modifier.
Author :Peter Sells Publisher :Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications ISBN 13 : Total Pages :236 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (321 download)
Book Synopsis Lectures on Contemporary Syntactic Theories by : Peter Sells
Download or read book Lectures on Contemporary Syntactic Theories written by Peter Sells and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 1985 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This books provides an introduction to three contemporary syntactic theories, Government-Binding Theory, Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar, and Lexical-Functional Grammar. In successive chapters, Sells lucidly presents and illustrates the fundamental apsects of each theory. In an introductory chapter he describes the basic syntactic concepts and assumptions shared by each theory; in the postscript, Thomas Wasow provides a more general overview of the different perspectives of these three approaches.
Book Synopsis The Structure of the Lexicon by : Marcel Thelen
Download or read book The Structure of the Lexicon written by Marcel Thelen and published by Academia Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the few scholarly attempts to reconcile a generatively-based approach to the structure of the lexicon with the cognitive approach of Cognitive Grammar
Book Synopsis Lexical-semantic Information in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar and Natural Language Processing by : Martin Hoelter
Download or read book Lexical-semantic Information in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar and Natural Language Processing written by Martin Hoelter and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lexicalising Clausal Syntax by : Tibor Laczkó
Download or read book Lexicalising Clausal Syntax written by Tibor Laczkó and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a new perspective on clausal syntax and its interactions with lexical and discourse function information by analysing Hungarian sentences. It also demonstrates ways in which grammar engineering implementations can provide insights into how complex linguistic processes interact. It analyses the most important phenomena in the preverbal domain of Hungarian finite declarative and wh-clauses: sentence structure, operators, verbal modifiers, negation and copula constructions. Based on the results of earlier generative linguistic research, it presents the fundamental empirical generalisations and offers a comparative critical assessment of the most salient analyses in a variety of generative linguistic models from its own perspective. It argues for a lexical approach to the relevant phenomena and develops the first comprehensive analysis in the theoretical framework of Lexical-Functional Grammar. It also reports the successful implementation of crucial aspects of this analysis in the computational linguistic platform of the theory, Xerox Linguistic Environment.
Book Synopsis Linking by Types in the Hierarchical Lexicon by : Anthony R. Davis
Download or read book Linking by Types in the Hierarchical Lexicon written by Anthony R. Davis and published by Stanford Univ Center for the Study. This book was released on 2001-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Actions are described by verbs whose subjects, objects, and other complements refer to various participants in those actions. What linguistic principles determine which participants are referred to by each component of a verb? Many previous approaches to this problem have employed a set of thematic roles, such as agent and patient, to classify varieties of participants. The alternative developed here fits within the framework of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar while utilizing typed feature structures, certain basic features of verb meaning, a hierarchical classification of verb meanings, and constraints from more general to more specific word classes. Relying on no special mechanisms or components of grammar, this book is unique in its ability to account for the observed range of verb types in human languages with a simple yet widely applicable set of principles.
Book Synopsis The Case for Lexicase by : Stanley Starosta
Download or read book The Case for Lexicase written by Stanley Starosta and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starosta describes the formal properties of lexicase theory and its historical and metatheoretical relations to other current grammatical frameworks. He argues that it is preferable to other grammatical frameworks, as it is constrained enough to have empirical content, simple enough to be tested and applied to enough languages to have a plausible claim to universality. Examples are drawn from English and various Asian, Pacific, Australian, and African languages.
Book Synopsis Phrase structure theory in generative grammar by : Frits Stuurman
Download or read book Phrase structure theory in generative grammar written by Frits Stuurman and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Phrase structure theory in generative grammar".
Book Synopsis Studies in Contemporary Phrase Structure Grammar by : Robert D. Levine
Download or read book Studies in Contemporary Phrase Structure Grammar written by Robert D. Levine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes revisions to the picture of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar.
Book Synopsis Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar by : Gerald Gazdar
Download or read book Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar written by Gerald Gazdar and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A lexicalist account of argument structure by :
Download or read book A lexicalist account of argument structure written by and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two prominent schools in linguistics: Minimalism (Chomsky) and Construction Grammar (Goldberg, Tomasello). Minimalism comes with the claim that our linguistic capabilities consist of an abstract, binary combinatorial operation (Merge) and a lexicon. Most versions of Construction Grammar assume that language consists of flat phrasal schemata that contribute their own meaning and may license additional arguments. This book examines a variant of Lexical Functional Grammar, which is lexical in principle but was augmented by tools that allow for the description of phrasal constructions in the Construction Grammar sense. These new tools include templates that can be used to model inheritance hierarchies and a resource driven semantics. The resource driven semantics makes it possible to reach the effects that lexical rules had, for example remapping of arguments, by semantic means. The semantic constraints can be evaluated in the syntactic component, which is basically similar to the delayed execution of lexical rules. So this is a new formalization that might be suitable to provide solutions to longstanding problems that are not available for other formalizations. While the authors suggest a lexical treatment of many phenomena and only assume phrasal constructions for selected phenomena like benefactive and resultative constructions in English, it can be shown that even these two constructions should not be treated phrasally in English and that the analysis would not extend to other languages as for instance German. I show that the new formal tools do not really improve the situation and many of the basic conceptual problems remain. Since this specific proposal fails for two constructions, it follows that proposals (in the same framework) that assume phrasal analyses for all constructions are not appropriate either. The conclusion is that lexical models are needed and this entails that the schemata that combine syntactic objects are rather abstract (as in Categorial Grammar, Minimalism, HPSG and standard LFG). On the other hand there are constructions that should be treated by very specific, phrasal schemata as in Construction Grammar and LFG and HPSG. So the conclusion is that both schools are right (and wrong) and that a combination of ideas from both camps is needed.
Book Synopsis Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar by : Carl Pollard
Download or read book Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar written by Carl Pollard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-08-15 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the most complete exposition of the theory of head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG), introduced in the authors' Information-Based Syntax and Semantics. HPSG provides an integration of key ideas from the various disciplines of cognitive science, drawing on results from diverse approaches to syntactic theory, situation semantics, data type theory, and knowledge representation. The result is a conception of grammar as a set of declarative and order-independent constraints, a conception well suited to modelling human language processing. This self-contained volume demonstrates the applicability of the HPSG approach to a wide range of empirical problems, including a number which have occupied center-stage within syntactic theory for well over twenty years: the control of "understood" subjects, long-distance dependencies conventionally treated in terms of wh-movement, and syntactic constraints on the relationship between various kinds of pronouns and their antecedents. The authors make clear how their approach compares with and improves upon approaches undertaken in other frameworks, including in particular the government-binding theory of Noam Chomsky.
Book Synopsis Morphology: Morphology: its relation to semantics and the lexicon by : Francis Katamba
Download or read book Morphology: Morphology: its relation to semantics and the lexicon written by Francis Katamba and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2004 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This six-volume collection draws together the most significant contributions to morphological theory and analysis which all serious students of morphology should be aware of. By comparing the stances taken by the different schools about the important issues, the reader will be able to judge the merits of each, with the benefit of evidence rather than prejudice.
