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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 686 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Phase Transformations and Systems Drive Far from Equilibrium written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : En Ma
Publisher : Mrs Proceedings
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Phase Transformations and Systems Driven Far From Equilibrium: Volume 481 written by En Ma and published by Mrs Proceedings. This book was released on 1998-07-29 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just over 100 invited and contributed papers emphasize understanding the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transformations, with significant coverage of metastable materials and externally forced transformations driven, for example, by energy beams or mechanical deformation. They cover solidification theory and experiments, nucleation, solid-state transformations and microstructural evolution, beam-induced transformations, amorphous solids, interfacial and thin-film transformations, and nanophases and mechanical alloying. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : Malte Henkel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048128692
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)
Download or read book Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions written by Malte Henkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The importance of knowledge consists not only in its direct practical utility but also in the fact the it promotes a widely contemplative habit of mind; on this ground, utility is to be found in much of the knowledge that is nowadays labelled ‘useless’. ” Bertrand Russel, In Praise of Idleness, London (1935) “Why are scientists in so many cases so deeply interested in their work ? Is it merely because it is useful ? It is only necessary to talk to such scientists to discover that the utilitarian possibilities of their work are generally of secondary interest to them. Something else is primary. ” David Bohm, On creativity, Abingdon (1996) In this volume, the dynamical critical behaviour of many-body systems far from equilibrium is discussed. Therefore, the intrinsic properties of the - namics itself, rather than those of the stationary state, are in the focus of 1 interest. Characteristically, far-from-equilibrium systems often display - namical scaling, even if the stationary state is very far from being critical. A 1 As an example of a non-equilibrium phase transition, with striking practical c- sequences, consider the allotropic change of metallic ?-tin to brittle ?-tin. At o equilibrium, the gray ?-Sn becomes more stable than the silvery ?-Sn at 13. 2 C. Kinetically, the transition between these two solid forms of tin is rather slow at higher temperatures. It starts from small islands of ?-Sn, the growth of which proceeds through an auto-catalytic reaction.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Phase Transformations and Systems Driven Far from Equilibrium written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mats Hillert
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139465864
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations written by Mats Hillert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-22 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational tools allow material scientists to model and analyze increasingly complicated systems to appreciate material behavior. Accurate use and interpretation however, requires a strong understanding of the thermodynamic principles that underpin phase equilibrium, transformation and state. This fully revised and updated edition covers the fundamentals of thermodynamics, with a view to modern computer applications. The theoretical basis of chemical equilibria and chemical changes is covered with an emphasis on the properties of phase diagrams. Starting with the basic principles, discussion moves to systems involving multiple phases. New chapters cover irreversible thermodynamics, extremum principles, and the thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces. Theoretical descriptions of equilibrium conditions, the state of systems at equilibrium and the changes as equilibrium is reached, are all demonstrated graphically. With illustrative examples - many computer calculated - and worked examples, this textbook is an valuable resource for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in materials science and engineering.
Author : Juern Schmelzer
Publisher : Vieweg+Teubner Verlag
ISBN 13 : 9783322964281
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (642 download)
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Finite Systems and the Kinetics of First-Order Phase Transitions written by Juern Schmelzer and published by Vieweg+Teubner Verlag. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This booklet is devoted to the thermodynamic and kinetic description of first-order phase transitions. In general, the matter of the world exists in different phases. Normally phase ctlanges take place in ther modynamic equilibrium, which will be considered here. Typically,the system is rapidly quenched from a one-phase thermal equilibrium state to a nonequilibrium situation. During the so-ca lIed equilibrium phase transformation process the quenched supersaturated system evolves from the nonequilibrium state to an equilibrium one which consists of two coexisting phases. In aseries of books on phase transitions and critical phenomena (DDMB, GREEN, lEBDWITZ, 1972 - 19B3) an immense amount of material to different aspects of ttlis topic is summarized. The other type of phase transitions takes place in systems far from equilibrium. Due to 'the nonequi1ibrium boundary conditions and the flu xes from the environment into the system the final state of this so called nonequilibrium phase transition is a stable nonequilibrium si tuation. Such interesting processes (e. g. pattern formation, multista bi1ity) do not appear only in physics but also in chemistry, meteorolo gy, biology and many areas of engineering. Concerning questions in this context we recommend the reader to the monographs by HAKEN (197B), and EBElING, FEISTEl (1982). An overview of the problems of recent interest in this field is given in the Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Irreversible Processes and Dissipative Structures, edited by EBElING and Ul8RICHT (1986).
Author : Malte Henkel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402087659
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions written by Malte Henkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-27 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes two main classes of non-equilibrium phase-transitions: static and dynamics of transitions into an absorbing state, and dynamical scaling in far-from-equilibrium relaxation behavior and ageing.
Author : Malte Henkel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789048128686
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (286 download)
Download or read book Non-Equilibrium Phase Transitions written by Malte Henkel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-07-12 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The importance of knowledge consists not only in its direct practical utility but also in the fact the it promotes a widely contemplative habit of mind; on this ground, utility is to be found in much of the knowledge that is nowadays labelled ‘useless’. ” Bertrand Russel, In Praise of Idleness, London (1935) “Why are scientists in so many cases so deeply interested in their work ? Is it merely because it is useful ? It is only necessary to talk to such scientists to discover that the utilitarian possibilities of their work are generally of secondary interest to them. Something else is primary. ” David Bohm, On creativity, Abingdon (1996) In this volume, the dynamical critical behaviour of many-body systems far from equilibrium is discussed. Therefore, the intrinsic properties of the - namics itself, rather than those of the stationary state, are in the focus of 1 interest. Characteristically, far-from-equilibrium systems often display - namical scaling, even if the stationary state is very far from being critical. A 1 As an example of a non-equilibrium phase transition, with striking practical c- sequences, consider the allotropic change of metallic ?-tin to brittle ?-tin. At o equilibrium, the gray ?-Sn becomes more stable than the silvery ?-Sn at 13. 2 C. Kinetically, the transition between these two solid forms of tin is rather slow at higher temperatures. It starts from small islands of ?-Sn, the growth of which proceeds through an auto-catalytic reaction.
Author : S. W. Koch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783662179727
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (797 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of First-Order Phase Transitions in Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Systems written by S. W. Koch and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Faran Zhou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781392687604
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (876 download)
Download or read book Non-equilibrium Phase Transformations in Charge-density Wave and Strongly Correlated Systems Studied by Coherent Femtosecond Electron Diffraction written by Faran Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By photo-exciting electrons in a material causing subsequent electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions, an energy landscape is created that is very different from that in thermal equilibrium. This distinction sets the baseline that photo-induced phase transitions (PIPT) could go through very different pathways compared with the thermally-induced phase transitions in equilibrium. This opens up a new dimension for complex materials research in non-equilibrium with ultrafast tools. In recent years, with the discovery of photo-induced superconductivity (SC) and other hidden quantum states, the study of these metastable and hidden phases in quantum materials has drawn intense interest in the ultrafast community.With femtosecond electron diffraction, we have observed intriguing phenomena in a few charge-density wave (CDW) materials (CeTe3, ErTe3 and 1T-TaS2) and iron chalcogenide systems (FeTe, FeSe0.44Te0.56 and FeSe). We explore the metastable hidden phases and observe universal dynamics in these materials far from equilibrium.CeTe3 exhibits uni-directional stripe CDW order in thermal equilibrium. Bi-directional CDW is thermodynamically forbidden. After femtosecond laser pulse excitation, the system is driven to a bi-directional order as it crosses a nonthermal fixed point. The new state is formed through associated symmetry changes that cause softening/hardening of CDW-related phonons. The CDW wavevector change proves that Fermi surface nesting (FSN)-enhanced electron-phonon coupling plays a central role in driving the CDW instabilities. Based on these results, we propose a nonthermal phase transition pathway in the non-equilibrium phase diagram.The work in ErTe3 is one step further based on the CeTe3 results. ErTe3 is on the opposite side of the rare-earth tritelluride (RETe3) series to host two orthogonal CDW orders at low temperature. Together with CeTe3 data, the ultrafast results at various temperatures in ErTe3 indicate that the system becomes more symmetric after laser excitation. Given the robustness of the data, the conclusion here may be extended to similar systems as well.The generic features of CDW dynamics in 1T-TaS2 are very similar to those in the quench dynamics of isolated quantum systems (e.g. cold atoms). After laser excitation, the system goes to the prethermalization plateau region before the thermalization stage. We find that both regimes follow universal scalings due to the existence of two nonthermal fixed points. Microscopically, we propose a chiral-symmetry-breaking mechanism that mediates the phase transformation. With a 2500 nm excitation laser, we emphasize the photo-doping, instead of the photo-thermal effect, in driving the phase transition. Due to the lack of thermal energy, the phase transition induced by the 2500 nm laser is more first order-like with faster switching speeds than 800 nm excitation. This high-speed switching with little thermal energy deposition holds promise for better future optoelectronic applications.In FeTe, we directly observed the ultrafast structural transition by ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) for the first time. In the studies of optimally-doped compound FeSe0.44Te0.56, we observed the large-amplitude acoustic phonon excitations at right above the transition temperature Tc. While experiments with better spatial-temporal resolutions are needed, the acoustic phonon observed here might be important for SC in iron chalcogenide. In FeSe, we observed the laser-enhanced local stress that is known to be coupled to the nematic phase and superconductivity. Future UED experiments targeted for understanding the local stress would be very helpful.
Author : Luis Garrido
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783662136898
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)
Download or read book Far from Equilibrium Phase Transitions written by Luis Garrido and published by . This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Henry Ehrenreich
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080458580
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Solid State Physics written by Henry Ehrenreich and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-08-04 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The article by Fulde, Thalmeier and Zwicknagl traces many of the recent developments in the field of strongly correlated many electron systems. It is very useful both as a reference and a pedagogical exposition since it places these developments into a historical context beginning with early developments in the electron theory of solids. The second article in this volume, by Bréchet and Hutchinson, concerns pattern formation in metals and alloys. Spontaneous pattern formation is the development of a regularity, either in the spatial distribution of the material in a system or in its development in time, of a lower symmetry than that of its cause. These phenomena have been of considerable interest to the non-linear physics community, in particular in fluid dynamics and in chemical reactions.- Continuation of prestigious serial - Covers cutting edge research and topics in solid state physics- Studies strongly correlated electron systems and pattern formation in metal and alloys
Author : Roman Teisseyre
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080530656
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Earthquake Thermodynamics and Phase Transformation in the Earth's Interior written by Roman Teisseyre and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-10-19 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A group of distinguished scientists contributes to the foundations of a new discipline in Earth sciences: earthquake thermodynamics and thermodynamics of formation of the Earth's interior structures. The predictive powers of thermodynamics are so great that those aspiring to model earthquake and the Earth's interior will certainly wish to be able to use the theory. Thermodynamics is our only method of understanding and predicting the behavior of many environmental, atmospheric, and geological processes. The need for Earth scientists to develop a functional knowledge of thermodynamic concepts and methodology is therefore urgent. Sources of an entropy increase the dissipative and self-organizing systems driving the evolution and dynamics of the Universe and Earth through irreversible processes. The non-linear interactions lead to the formation of fractal structures. From the structural phase transformations the important interior boundaries emerge.Non-linear interactions between the defects in solids lead the authors to develop the physics of continua with a dense distribution of defects. Disclinations and dislocations interact during a slow evolution as well as during rapid dynamic events, like earthquakes. Splitting the dynamic processes into the 2D fault done and 3D surrounding space brings a new tool for describing the slip nucleation and propagation along the earthquake faults. Seismic efficiency, rupture velocity, and complexity of seismic source zone are considered from different points of view, fracture band earthquake model is developed on the basis of thermodynamics of line defects, like dislocations. Earthquake thermodynamics offers us a microscopic model of earthquake sources.Physics of defects helps the authors decscribe and explain a number of precursory phenomena caused by the buildup of stresses. Anomalies in electric polarization and electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes are considered from this point of view. Through the thermodynamic approach, the authors arrive at the fascinating question of posssibility of earthquake prediction. In general, the Earth is considered here as a multicomponent system. Transport phenomena as well as wave propagation and shock waves are considered in this system subjected also to chemical and phase transformations.
Author : Nissim Garti
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482270889
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)
Download or read book Crystallization Processes in Fats and Lipid Systems written by Nissim Garti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-07-20 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of new and emerging techniques, processes and applications in the behaviour, crystallization, and polymorphic transformations of fats and oils. It presents research and information on advanced analytical tools, computer modelling, molecular structures, mixing behaviour, and interactions with seeding materials and surfactants. The con
Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080538762
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-09-21 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of phase transitions and critical phenomena continues to be active in research, producing a steady stream of interesting and fruitful results. It has moved into a central place in condensed matter studies.Statistical physics, and more specifically, the theory of transitions between states of matter, more or less defines what we know about 'everyday' matter and its transformations.The major aim of this serial is to provide review articles that can serve as standard references for research workers in the field, and for graduate students and others wishing to obtain reliable information on important recent developments.
Author : Eckehard Schöll
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642719279
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Semiconductors written by Eckehard Schöll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductors can exhibit electrical instabilities like current runaway, threshold switching, current filamentation, or oscillations, when they are driven far from thermodynamic equilibrium. This book presents a coherent theoretical des- cription of such cooperative phenomena induced by generation and recombination processes of charge carriers in semicon- ductors.
Author : T. Riste
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461589126
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Fluctuations, Instabilities, and Phase Transitions written by T. Riste and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the papers presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Geilo, Norway, 11th - 20th April 1975. The institute was the third in a row devoted to phase transitions. The previous two dealt with 2nd- and 1st-order transitions in equilibrium systems and the proceedings have been published.i~ In order to make an overlap wi th those institutes, the first part of this institute was devoted to 1st -or der transitions with an emphasis on the problems of metast abi l i t y and instability en countered i n spinodal decomposition, nucleation etc. The main topic was, however, that of non-equilibrium systems, and the present institute was to our knowledge the first one devoted to the physics of such systems. The discovery of the analogy between phase transitions in equilibrium systems and instabilities in non-equilibrium systems was first made by Rolf Landauer in 1961 and later independently by others. The analogy was first pointed out for electronic devices (tunnel diodes, Gunn oscillators, lasers, etc. ) and the treatment of hydrodynamic instabilities followed later.
