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Phase I Porewater Toxicity Testing Of Sediment From 25 Near Shore Sites In St Croix Usvi
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Book Synopsis Phase I Porewater Toxicity Testing of Sediment from 25 Near-shore Sites in St. Croix, USVI by : Lisa Ann May
Download or read book Phase I Porewater Toxicity Testing of Sediment from 25 Near-shore Sites in St. Croix, USVI written by Lisa Ann May and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "St. Croix (STX) is one of three major islands comprising the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) territory. The island encompasses a total land area of 84 square miles, with approximately 70 miles of coastal shoreline. Protection of critical reef habitats is the responsibility of the USVI Department of Planning and Natural Resources, U. S. National Park Service and NOAA, however threats remain to coral reef health from a variety of sources including pollution (LBSP), global climate change and overfishing. Impacts to several populations of Acropora palmata coral were found at Buck Island Reef National Monument (BUIS) and Salt River Bay National Historical Park and Ecological Preserve (SARI) in a 2013 survey of reproductive condition using histological analysis for the presence of gametes, prompting further investigation. As the first step of an environmental investigation into the potential causes of reproductive failure in Acropora palmata corals in the waters of St. Croix, a survey of 25 near shore sites (including MPAs) was conducted during June 2015 to evaluate their toxicity potential. Toxicity of these sites was assessed using sediment porewater in the sea urchin (Lytechinus variegatus) embryo development bioassay. A subsequent effort was also initiated to characterize the observed toxicity in the original samples (preliminary phase I Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE)). In addition, sediment interstitial water (porewater) was evaluated for salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, inorganic phosphate and total phosphorus (TP) prior to the bioassay"--Introduction.
Book Synopsis Porewater Toxicity Testing by : Robert Scott Carr
Download or read book Porewater Toxicity Testing written by Robert Scott Carr and published by Setac Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :U.S. Department of the Interior Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781495958717 Total Pages :86 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (587 download)
Book Synopsis Sediment Pore-Water Toxicity Test Results and Preliminary Toxicity Identification of Post-Landfall Pore-Water Samples Collected Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Release, Gulf of Mexico, 2010 by : U.S. Department of the Interior
Download or read book Sediment Pore-Water Toxicity Test Results and Preliminary Toxicity Identification of Post-Landfall Pore-Water Samples Collected Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Release, Gulf of Mexico, 2010 written by U.S. Department of the Interior and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-02-19 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pore water from coastal beach and marsh sediments from the northern Gulf of Mexico, pre- and post-landfall of the Deepwater Horizon oil release, were collected and evaluated for toxicity with the sea urchin fertilization and embryological development assays. There were 17 pre-landfall samples and 49 post-landfall samples tested using both assays. Toxicity was determined in four pre-landfall sites and in seven post-landfall sites in one or both assays as compared to a known reference sediment pore-water sample collected in Aransas Bay, Texas. Further analysis and testing of five of the post-landfall toxic samples utilizing Toxicity Identification Evaluation techniques indicated that ammonia, and to a lesser extent metals, contributed to most, if not all, of the observed toxicity in four of the five samples. Results of one sample (MS–39) indicated evidence that ammonia, metals, and non-ionic organics were contributing to the observed toxicity.
Book Synopsis Sediment Toxicity Testing by : PV. Winger
Download or read book Sediment Toxicity Testing written by PV. Winger and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influences of test method and sample manipulation on toxicity of sediment and sediment pore water were evaluated using a series of toxicity tests with MicrotoxR and Hyalella azteca. Although the chemistry and toxicity of pore water extracted with vacuum-operated syringe and centrifuge were similar, the advantages of the vacuum-operated extractor outweighed those of the centrifuge. Sample disturbance and storage time influenced toxicity, but freezing, refrigeration, and pore-water volume did not. The inherent variability in assessment of toxicity from moderately contaminated sediments was adequately described by using 5-10 replicates per treatment. Feeding did not improve survival in control or reference treatments during 10-day toxicity tests. Static and static-renewal tests on pore water and solid-phase sediment were similar in sensitivity to assessing sediment quality.
Book Synopsis Toxicity of Marine Sediments and Pore Waters Spiked With Ordnance Compounds by :
Download or read book Toxicity of Marine Sediments and Pore Waters Spiked With Ordnance Compounds written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was undertaken to help quantify the potential effects of sediment contamination with ordnance compounds to the benthic biota. This objective was achieved by conducting toxicity tests with sediments spiked with ordnance compounds, using whole sediment tests with a benthic amphipod and porewater tests with different life stages of three marine organisms. The selection of ordnance compounds and porewater test species for this study was based on the results of previous studies, where a database for toxicity of eight different ordnance compounds to six marine species was generated. The ordnance compounds selected for the present study were 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), tetryl and picric acid. Two kinds of sediments were spiked with each ordnance compound. Spiked sediments were allowed to equilibrate for approximately 1 week prior to porewater extraction and to toxicity testing of the solid-phase. Solid-phase tests were conducted using the 10-day acute test with the benthic amphipod, Ampelisca abdita. Porewater toxicity tests were conducted using the 48-hour embryological development test with the sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata, the 96-hour zoospore germination and germling growth test with the macro-alga, Ulva fasciata, and the 7-day survival and reproduction test with the burrowing polychaete, Dinophilus gyroclliatus. These species and endpoints were identified previously as being among the most sensitive for these ordnance compounds.
Book Synopsis Sediment Toxicity Assessment by : G.Allen Burton
Download or read book Sediment Toxicity Assessment written by G.Allen Burton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediment Toxicity Assessment provides the latest information regarding how to evaluate sediment contamination and its effects on aquatic ecosystems. It presents an integrated ecosystem approach by detailing effective assessment methods, considerations, and effects to each major component of marine and freshwater systems, including the benthos, plankton, and fish communities. The approaches emphasize defining habitat conditions (physical and chemical), toxicant bioavailability, factors influencing toxicity (lab and field), biomarkers, acute and chronic toxicity, study design, collection methods, and EPA management strategies. The book also explains how to integrate the assessments. Sediment Toxicity Assessment will be useful to to all environmental managers, environmental scientists, ecotoxicologists, environmental regulators, aquatic ecologists, environmental contractors and consultants, instructors, students, conservation commissions, and environmental activist organizations.
Book Synopsis Methods for Measuring the Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Sediment-associated Contaminants with Freshwater Invertebrates by :
Download or read book Methods for Measuring the Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Sediment-associated Contaminants with Freshwater Invertebrates written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediment contamination is a widespread environmental problem that can potentially pose a threat to a variety of aquatic ecosystems. The sediment test methods in this manual will be used by The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to make decisions under a range of statutory authorities concerning such issues as: dredged material disposal, registration of pesticides and toxic substances, superfound site assessment, and assessment and cleanup of hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities. The use of uniform sediment testing procedures by USEPA programs is expected to increase data accuracy and precision, facilitate test replication, increase the comparative value of test results, and ultimately, increase the efficiency of regulatory processes requiring sediment tests.
Book Synopsis Sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluation by : Gerald Thomas Ankley
Download or read book Sediment Toxicity Identification Evaluation written by Gerald Thomas Ankley and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comparison of Porewater and Elutriate Bivalve Larval Development Toxicity Testing in a Sediment Quality Triad Framework by : Blair Gordon McDonald
Download or read book Comparison of Porewater and Elutriate Bivalve Larval Development Toxicity Testing in a Sediment Quality Triad Framework written by Blair Gordon McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magnitude and extent of contaminated marine sediment are frequently assessed using a Sediment Quality Triad framework involving multiple toxicity tests using a variety of species, toxicological endpoints and exposure systems. Data are integrated into an overall assessment of sediment quality using a weight of evidence approach. Guidance on the selection of appropriate toxicity tests recommends a wide range of organism type, life-cycle, exposure route, and feeding type be included - porewater bivalve larval development tests increases the number of exposure routes under consideration. Interpretation of porewater toxicity data are subject to limitations, in part, related to the extensive chemical manipulations associated with the extraction of in situ anoxic porewater and the subsequent aeration required for the laboratory-based toxicity test. The ability of the porewater-only test to represent ecologically relevant adverse effects in the field appears minimal. Results from concurrent porewater and elutriate toxicity testing using newly fertilized larvae of the bivalve, Mytilus galloprovincialis are provided to illustrate these problems. Porewater samples were consistently more toxic than the corresponding elutriate sample, and ammonia, a common confounding factor in sediment toxicology, was identified as the most likely toxic agent for the majority of samples. Porewater toxicity testing using M. galloprovincialis is therefore not recommended as a routine element of the sediment quality triad unless additional chemistry (samples used for testing as well as in situ) are available to facilitate an appropriate interpretation of the resulting toxicity data.
Book Synopsis Sediment Pore-water Toxicity Test Results and Preliminary Toxicity Identification of Post-landfall Pore-water Samples Collected Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Release, Gulf of Mexico, 2010 by : James M. Biedenbach
Download or read book Sediment Pore-water Toxicity Test Results and Preliminary Toxicity Identification of Post-landfall Pore-water Samples Collected Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Release, Gulf of Mexico, 2010 written by James M. Biedenbach and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guidance Document on Sediment Toxicity Tests and Bioassays for Freshwater and Marine Environments by : Ian R. Hill
Download or read book Guidance Document on Sediment Toxicity Tests and Bioassays for Freshwater and Marine Environments written by Ian R. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guidance document on sediment toxicity tests and bioassays for freshwater and marine environments by : Workshop on Sediment Toxicity Assessment (1993, Renesse)
Download or read book Guidance document on sediment toxicity tests and bioassays for freshwater and marine environments written by Workshop on Sediment Toxicity Assessment (1993, Renesse) and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comparison of Toxicity Responses of Four Solid Phase Bioassays to Twelve Solid Phase Certified Referece Materials by :
Download or read book Comparison of Toxicity Responses of Four Solid Phase Bioassays to Twelve Solid Phase Certified Referece Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating the Use of in Vitro Bioassays for the Ecotoxicological Assessment of Irish Estuarine Sediments by :
Download or read book Evaluating the Use of in Vitro Bioassays for the Ecotoxicological Assessment of Irish Estuarine Sediments written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediments, as a repository for persistent anthropogenic contaminants, have the potential to cause deleterious effects in the aquatic environment. Particular attention to the quality of sediment is, therefore, warranted in the ecotoxicological risk assessment of aquatic systems. An assessment methodology combining chemical, ecotoxicological and ecological evaluations in a hierarchial test strategy, where toxicological significant and complexity increases with the tiers, is recommended for a thorough appraisal of sediment toxicity. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of in vitro bioassays to be employed as screening tools got Tier 1 ecotoxicity evaluation of Irish estuarine sediments. Chemical analysis was conducted on all sediment samples to assist in interpreting any observed cytotoxicity. The potential toxicity of various exposure phases (solid phase, porewater and elutriate) from three estuarine sediment samples was evaluated using representative organisms from a number of trophic levels. The potential impact of the differing salinities of the sediment aqueous extracts, on the sensitivity of the bioassays, was also addressed. The selective sensitivities of the assays employed, demonstrated the value of using a multi-trophic, multi phase battery approach to sediment toxicity testing. Inhibition of bacterial bioluminescence and algal growth, were identified as sensitive bioassays for Tier 1 screening purposes. Immortal cell lines and primary epidermal cell cultures were used as representative vertebrate model systems. Initial studies were carried out using zinc metal salts as model environmental contaminants, to establish reference values which could be employed as test validity criteria for the sediment toxicity tests. This work also permitted an evaluation of the sensitivity of the cell cultures and the multiple endpoints utilised. The high sample osmolality of porewater extracts precluded their assessment using the cell culture assays. Of the.
Book Synopsis Sediment Toxicity Assessment by : G. Allen Burton, Jr.
Download or read book Sediment Toxicity Assessment written by G. Allen Burton, Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-04-17 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediment Toxicity Assessment provides the latest information regarding how to evaluate sediment contamination and its effects on aquatic ecosystems. It presents an integrated ecosystem approach by detailing effective assessment methods, considerations, and effects to each major component of marine and freshwater systems, including the benthos, plankton, and fish communities. The approaches emphasize defining habitat conditions (physical and chemical), toxicant bioavailability, factors influencing toxicity (lab and field), biomarkers, acute and chronic toxicity, study design, collection methods, and EPA management strategies. The book also explains how to integrate the assessments. Sediment Toxicity Assessment will be useful to to all environmental managers, environmental scientists, ecotoxicologists, environmental regulators, aquatic ecologists, environmental contractors and consultants, instructors, students, conservation commissions, and environmental activist organizations.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Toxicity Responses of Four Solid Phase Bioassays to Twelve Solid Phase Certified Reference Materials by : B. J. Dutka
Download or read book Comparison of Toxicity Responses of Four Solid Phase Bioassays to Twelve Solid Phase Certified Reference Materials written by B. J. Dutka and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study was initiated to illustrate the difficulties and problems involved in assessing and identifying the toxicity potential of trace amounts of chemicals in sediments. Usually in evaluating the toxicity of sediments, pore water and/or solvent extracts are used to estimate the level of soluble or extractable toxicants. However, it is often difficult or even impossible to detect the presence of the total bioavailable toxicants due to their low concentrations, low solubility and/or insolubility in the extracting solvents. Direct sediment toxicity testing (intimate contact between testing organisms and all solid and liquid parts of a sediment) can significantly circumvent these problems by directly detecting the total toxic response of soluble and insoluble organic and inorganic contaminants. In this study 12 Certified Reference Material (CRM) sediments, whose main constituents were known, were used with solid phase bioassays to try to evaluate the possibility of relating the different bioassay responses to the known chemical composition of each of the CRMs. Results and bioassays used and the difficulties and problems involved in assessing and identifying the toxicity potential of trace amounts of chemicals in sediments are described"--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Solid Phase Testing Procedures by : K. K. Kwan
Download or read book Comparison of Solid Phase Testing Procedures written by K. K. Kwan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
