Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309166411
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes by : National Research Council

Download or read book Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-04 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EPA commissioned The National Academies to provide advice on the vexing question of whether and, if so, under what circumstances EPA should accept and consider intentional human dosing studies conducted by companies or other sources outside the agency (so-called third parties) to gather evidence relating to the risks of a chemical or the conditions under which exposure to it could be judged safe. This report recommends that such studies be conducted and used for regulatory purposes only if all of several strict conditions are met, including the following: The study is necessary and scientifically valid, meaning that it addresses an important regulatory question that can't be answered with animal studies or nondosing human studies; The societal benefits of the study outweigh any anticipated risks to participants. At no time, even when benefits beyond improved regulation exist, can a human dosing study be justified that is anticipated to cause lasting harm to study participants; and All recognized ethical standards and procedures for protecting the interests of study participants are observed. In addition, EPA should establish a Human Studies Review Board (HSRB) to evaluate all human dosing studiesâ€"both at the beginning and upon completion of the experimentsâ€"if they are carried out with the intent of affecting the agency's policy-making.

The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172942
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.

Pesticides, 1994

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Author :
Publisher : Bernan Press(PA)
ISBN 13 : 9780112429647
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticides, 1994 by :

Download or read book Pesticides, 1994 written by and published by Bernan Press(PA). This book was released on 1994 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Neurotoxicity of Pesticides

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128205156
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurotoxicity of Pesticides by :

Download or read book Neurotoxicity of Pesticides written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-21 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurotoxicity of Pesticides, Volume Four, in this comprehensive serial addresses contemporary advances in neurotoxicology of pesticides by providing authoritative review articles on key issues in the field. Edited by leading subject experts, topics of note in this new release include Organophosphates, OPs, Nerve agents, Pyrethroids, Neonicotinoids and Formamidines, among others.

Veterans and Agent Orange

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309075299
Total Pages : 791 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (752 download)

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Book Synopsis Veterans and Agent Orange by : Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides

Download or read book Veterans and Agent Orange written by Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-15 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have U.S. military personnel experienced health problems from being exposed to Agent Orange, its dioxin contaminants, and other herbicides used in Vietnam? This definitive volume summarizes the strength of the evidence associating exposure during Vietnam service with cancer and other health effects and presents conclusions from an expert panel. Veterans and Agent Orange provides a historical review of the issue, examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. The core of the book presents What is known about the toxicology of the herbicides used in greatest quantities in Vietnam. What is known about assessing exposure to herbicides and dioxin. What can be determined from the wide range of epidemiological studies conducted by different authorities. What is known about the relationship between exposure to herbicides and dioxin, and cancer, reproductive effects, neurobehavioral disorders, and other health effects. The book describes research areas of continuing concern and offers recommendations for further research on the health effects of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans. This volume will be critically important to both policymakers and physicians in the federal government, Vietnam veterans and their families, veterans organizations, researchers, and health professionals.

Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides

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Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789283201502
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

Download or read book Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of some organophosphate insecticides and herbicides, including diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos. Diazinon acts on a wide range of insects on crops, gardens, livestock, and pets, but most uses have been restricted in the USA, Canada, and the European Union since the 1980s. Glyphosate is the most heavily used agricultural and residential herbicide in the world, and has been detected in soil, air, surface water, and groundwater, as well as in food. Malathion is one of the oldest and most widely used organophosphate insecticides, and has a broad spectrum of applications in agriculture and public health, notably mosquito control. The insecticide parathion has been largely banned or restricted throughout the world due to toxicity to wildlife and humans. Tetrachlorvinphos is banned in the European Union, but continues to be used in the USA and elsewhere as an insecticide on animals, including in pet flea collars. The IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of these agents.

Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture by : Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo

Download or read book Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture written by Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide use has changed considerably over the past five decades. Rapid growth characterized the first 20 years, ending in 1981. The total quantity of pesticides applied to the 21 crops analyzed grew from 196 million pounds of pesticide active ingredients in 1960 to 632 million pounds in 1981. Improvements in the types and modes of action of active ingredients applied along with small annual fluctuations resulted in a slight downward trend in pesticide use to 516 million pounds in 2008. These changes were driven by economic factors that determined crop and input prices and were influenced by pest pressures, environmental and weather conditions, crop acreages, agricultural practices (including adoption of genetically engineered crops), access to land-grant extension personnel and crop consultants, the cost-effectiveness of pesticides and other practices in protecting crop yields and quality, technological innovations in pest management systems/practices, and environmental and health regulations. Emerging pest management policy issues include the development of glyphosate-resistant weed populations associated with the large increase in glyphosate use since the late 1990s, the development of Bt-resistant western corn rootworm in some areas, and the arrival of invasive or exotic pest species, such as soybean aphid and soybean rust, which can influence pesticide use patterns and the development of Integrated Pest Management programs.

Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309162475
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 3 million U.S. military personnel were sent to Southeast Asia to fight in the Vietnam War. Since the end of the Vietnam War, veterans have reported numerous health effects. Herbicides used in Vietnam, in particular Agent Orange have been associated with a variety of cancers and other long term health problems from Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes to heart disease. Prior to 1997 laws safeguarded all service men and women deployed to Vietnam including members of the Blue Navy. Since then, the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) has established that Vietnam veterans are automatically eligible for disability benefits should they develop any disease associated with Agent Orange exposure, however, veterans who served on deep sea vessels in Vietnam are not included. These "Blue Water Navy" veterans must prove they were exposed to Agent Orange before they can claim benefits. At the request of the VA, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined whether Blue Water Navy veterans had similar exposures to Agent Orange as other Vietnam veterans. Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure comprehensively examines whether Vietnam veterans in the Blue Water Navy experienced exposures to herbicides and their contaminants by reviewing historical reports, relevant legislation, key personnel insights, and chemical analysis to resolve current debate on this issue.

Pesticide Residues in Food, 1994

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Author :
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251037164
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticide Residues in Food, 1994 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Food, 1994 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1995 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792345817
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (458 download)

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Book Synopsis Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides by : Rafael de Prado

Download or read book Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides written by Rafael de Prado and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-05-31 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, repeated use of herbicides in the same field has imposed selection for resistance in species that were formerly susceptible. On the other hand, considerable research in the private and public sectors has been directed towards introducing herbicide tolerance into susceptible crop species. The evolution of herbicide resistance, understanding its mechanisms, characterisation of resistant weed biotypes, development of herbicide-tolerant crops and management of resistant weeds are described throughout the 36 chapters of this book. It has been written by leading researchers based on the contributions made at the International Symposium on Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides held at Córdoba, Spain. This book will be a good reference source for research scientists and advanced students.

Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage by : Arnold Lyle Aspelin

Download or read book Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage written by Arnold Lyle Aspelin and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Pesticides in Minnesota, 1989-94

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Pesticides in Minnesota, 1989-94 by : Paul D. Capel

Download or read book Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Pesticides in Minnesota, 1989-94 written by Paul D. Capel and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pesticide Residues in Food - 1994

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Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251036327
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticide Residues in Food - 1994 by :

Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Food - 1994 written by and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1994 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Integrated Pest Management

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789048180462
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrated Pest Management by : Rajinder Peshin

Download or read book Integrated Pest Management written by Rajinder Peshin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book ‘Silent Spring’ written by Rachel Carson in 1962, is considered the la- mark in changing the attitude of the scientists and the general public regarding the complete reliance on the synthetic pesticides for controlling the ravages caused by the pests in agriculture crops. For about ve decades, the Integrated Pest Mana- ment (IPM) is the accepted strategy for managing crop pests. IPM was practiced in Canet ̃ e Valley, Peru in 1950s, even before the term IPM was coined. Integrated Pest management: Innovation-Development Process, Volume 1, focuses on the recog- tion of the dysfunctional consequences of the pesticide use in agriculture, through researchanddevelopmentoftheIntegratedPest Managementinnovations. Thebook aims to update the information on the global scenario of IPM with respect to the use of pesticides, its dysfunctional consequences, and the concepts and advan- ments made in IPM systems. This book is intended as a text as well as reference material for use in teaching the advancements made in IPM. The book provides an interdisciplinary perspective of IPM by the forty-three experts from the eld of entomology, plant pathology, plant breeding, plant physiology, biochemistry, and extension education. The introductory chapter (Chapter 1) gives an overview of IPM initiatives in the developed and developing countries from Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, Latin America and North America. IPM concepts, opportunities and challenges are d- cussed in Chapter 2.

A History of Pesticides

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Author :
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1786394871
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Pesticides by : Graham A Matthews

Download or read book A History of Pesticides written by Graham A Matthews and published by CABI. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fascinating book, Graham Matthews takes the reader through the history of the development and use of chemicals for control of pests, weeds, and vectors of disease. Prior to 1900 only a few chemicals had been employed as pesticides but in the early 1940s, as the Second World War raged, the insecticide DDT and the herbicide 2-4-D were developed. These changed everything. Since then, farmers have been using a growing list of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides to protect their crops. Their use has undoubtedly led to significant gains in agricultural production and reduction in disease transmission, but also to major problems: health concerns for both users of pesticides and the general public, the emergence of resistance in pest populations, and environmental problems. The book examines the development of legislation designed to control and restrict the use of pesticides, the emergence of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and the use of biological control agents as part of policy to protect the environment and encourage the sustainable use of pesticides. Finally, the use of new technologies in pest control are discussed including the use of genetic modification, targeted pesticide application and use of drones, alongside basic requirements for IPM such as crop rotations, close seasons and adoption of plant varieties with resistance to pests and diseases.

The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317026179
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management by : Mary Jane Angelo

Download or read book The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management written by Mary Jane Angelo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although concerns over the ecological impacts of pesticides gave rise to the environmental movement of the late 1960s and 1970s, since that time, pesticide use and its effects have been largely ignored by the law and by legal scholars. This book addresses this omission by providing a unique and serious treatment of the significance of pesticide issues in environmental law and takes an ecological perspective on the legal issues. Dealing with a wide range of questions relating to pests and pesticides, the book focuses primarily on agricultural pesticide use as the largest contaminator in the US. It also examines the legacy of past pesticide use and analyzes how recent developments in ecological science can inform the law and increase our understanding of ecology. Interdisciplinary in its approach, the book will be of interest to academics, lawyers, scientists and environmental and agricultural professionals.

Chemicals-in-progress Bulletin

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemicals-in-progress Bulletin by :

Download or read book Chemicals-in-progress Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: