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Performance Sustainment Of Two Man Crews During 87 Hours Of Extended Wakefulness With Stimulants And Napping
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Book Synopsis Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews During 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness With Stimulants (Dexedrine, Caffeine, Modafinil) and Napping: Analysis of Aircrew Performance During In-Flight Emergency Situations by :
Download or read book Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews During 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness With Stimulants (Dexedrine, Caffeine, Modafinil) and Napping: Analysis of Aircrew Performance During In-Flight Emergency Situations written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this effort, a small part of a larger study, was to determine the extent to which dextroamphetamine, caffeine, modafinil, and placebo affected participant ability to employ good aircrew coordination practices and function as an effective crew during emergency situations. Thirty-two UH-60 rated aviators, participating as crews of two under one of the four conditions, were assessed for aircrew coordination, crew response time, and seven flight performance measures during emergencies presented at 23, 47, and 71 hours of continuous wakefulness. While some aspects of the flight performance revealed statistically significant differences, it is clear that drug condition made no consistent significant difference in aircrew performance. The fatigue effect was limited to aircrew coordination, while not significantly affecting flight performance or response time. The variable which had the most significant albeit inconsistent effect on performance was flight experience. The findings demonstrate that analyses of performance during relatively short, stimulating experiences do not provide reliable evidence as to the effectiveness of stimulants.
Book Synopsis Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews During 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness with Stimulants and Napping by :
Download or read book Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews During 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness with Stimulants and Napping written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirty-two pilots each completed twenty-two simulated flights and other evaluations during 87 hours of sustained operations. General results are that dextroamphetamine and modafinil similarly attenuated numerous sleep loss problems. While caffeine had some benefits preventing performance declines, changes in performance often mimicked those seen in the placebo group. The benefits of all three stimulants were most noticeable from 0200 until 1000 when the fatigue from sleep deprivation was greatest. The most consistent drug effects were seen on physiological measures and self-reported mood, but a number of performance effects were seen as well. These data are compared to previous flight simulator studies of dexedrine and modafinil with respect to dose effects on operator performance as well as the need to examine the resilience and vulnerability of team behavior as a fatigue countermeasure. These findings strongly suggest that stimulant medications can assist the warfighter in maintaining acceptable levels of judgment and decision making, as well as crew coordination, when combat requirements dictate long periods of sleep deprivation.
Book Synopsis Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition by : Nancy J. Wesensten
Download or read book Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition written by Nancy J. Wesensten and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition provides a review, synthesis and analysis of the scientific literature concerning stimulant medications and neurobehavioral performance, with an emphasis on critically evaluating the practical utility of these agents for maintaining cognitive performance and alertness in sleep-deprived (but otherwise healthy) individuals. The book explores the nature of sleep loss-induced cognitive deficits, neurophysiologic basis of these deficits, relative efficacy and limitations of various interventions (including non-pharmacological), and implications for applying these interventions in operational environments (commercial and military). Readers of this volume will gain a working knowledge of: • Mechanisms contributing to sleep loss-induced cognitive deficits • Differential effects of stimulant compounds on various aspects of cognition • Considerations (such as abuse liability) when applying stimulant interventions in operational settings • Current state and future directions for including stimulants in comprehensive fatigue-management strategies. This text is key reading for researchers and trainees in sleep and psychopharmacology.
Book Synopsis The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology by : Robert L. Kane
Download or read book The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology written by Robert L. Kane and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-24 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuropsychology as a field has been slow to embrace and exploit the potential offered by technology to either make the assessment process more efficient or to develop new capabilities that augment the assessment of cognition. The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology details current efforts to use technology to enhance cognitive assessment with an emphasis on developing expanded capabilities for clinical assessment. The first sections of the book provide an overview of current approaches to computerized assessment along with newer technologies to assess behavior. The next series of chapters explores the use of novel technologies and approaches in cognitive assessment as they relate to developments in telemedicine, mobile health, and remote monitoring including developing smart environments. While still largely office-based, health care is increasingly moving out of the office with an increased emphasis on connecting patients with providers, and providers with other providers, remotely. Chapters also address the use of technology to enhance cognitive rehabilitation by implementing conceptually-based games to teach cognitive strategies and virtual environments to measure outcomes. Next, the chapters explore the use of virtual reality and scenario-based assessment to capture critical aspects of performance not assessed by traditional means and the implementation of neurobiological metrics to enhance patient assessment. Chapters also address the use of imaging to better define cognitive skills and assessment methods along with the integration of cognitive assessment with imaging to define the functioning of brain networks. The final section of the book discusses the ethical and methodological considerations needed for adopting advanced technologies for neuropsychological assessment. Authored by numerous leading figures in the field of neuropsychology, this volume emphasizes the critical role that virtual environments, neuroimaging, and data analytics will play as clinical neuropsychology moves forward in the future.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Electroencephalographic (QEEG) Data Analysis for the Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews Throughout 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness with Stimulants (Dextroamphetamine, Caffeine, Modafinil) and Napping by : Carlo Cardillo
Download or read book Quantitative Electroencephalographic (QEEG) Data Analysis for the Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews Throughout 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness with Stimulants (Dextroamphetamine, Caffeine, Modafinil) and Napping written by Carlo Cardillo and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Military operations require army aviation units to operate around the clock during time of conflict. Sleep management, naps, and pharmacological fatigue countermeasures may be combined to assist in achieving successful military outcomes. We used QEEG methodologies in an effort to elucidate the CNS effects of stimulants (modafinil, dextroamphetamine and caffeine) and nap combined with the sleep deprivation factor. In regards to sleep deprivation effects, results indicate that by the end of the study all groups experienced increases in slow-waves (mainly delta) and decreases in alpha waves. Caffeine, modafinil, and dextroamphetamine, respectively, reversed during the initial 42 hours the electrophysiologic effects of sleep deprivation with smaller increases in delta activity and less deterioration of alpha activities. Caffeine and modafinil appeared to have the greatest degree of effect with respect to producing delays on alpha activity deterioration. Alpha activity remained close to baseline levels for the first 46 hours. We observe a marked deterioration of alpha after 22 hours in the dextroamphetamine and placebo groups. There is virtually no increase in theta activity across the sleep deprivation cycle, for all groups, including placebo. These may represent effort levels consistently across all groups. Additional analysis could systematically correlate cognitive tasks and QEEG data for each pharmacologic intervention."--Report documentation page.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Food Components to Enhance Performance by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Food Components to Enhance Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.
Book Synopsis Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition by : Nancy J. Wesensten
Download or read book Sleep Deprivation, Stimulant Medications, and Cognition written by Nancy J. Wesensten and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-23 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a critical review of stimulant medication literature regarding stimulant efficacy for restoring/maintaining cognition during sleep loss.
Book Synopsis A Comparison Between the Countermeasures Modafinil and Napping for Maintaining Performance and Alertness Using a Quasi-Experimental Analysis by :
Download or read book A Comparison Between the Countermeasures Modafinil and Napping for Maintaining Performance and Alertness Using a Quasi-Experimental Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The data from two separate studies were combined in order to statistically compare the efficacy of the wakefulness-promoting substance modafinil to a 2 hours nap for sustaining cognitive skill and psychological mood in helicopter pilots who have been deprived of sleep (other than the nap). Performance data from the Multiattribute Task Battery (MATB) and mood data from the Profile of Mood States (POMS) were analyzed for this comparison. Eighteen subjects' data from the Napping study were merged with six subjects' data from the Modafinil study (the data were collected at similar testing times). Baseline-adjusted difference scores were analyzed. A three-way mixed factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used with one grouping factor (Modafinil study versus Napping study) and two repeated-measures factors -- Condition (Treatment or No Treatment) and Time (specific to each test). The two countermeasures were effective in combating the usual decline in cognitive performance and mood during sleep deprivation, but they were not comparable. It appears that modafinil was superior to naps in maintaining alertness. The subjective mood data indicated that both countermeasures were successful at decreasing fatigue and confusion, and increasing vigor when compared to no intervention at all. However, when comparing modafinil and a nap, modafinil maintained a higher level of vigor and a lower level of fatigue than the nap, particularly in the early morning hours when the circadian dip in alertness is most problematic. The performance data supported the subjective mood findings by showing that, while both strategies attenuated performance losses during sustained wakefulness, modafinil was more efficacious than a nap. This was especially true of reaction time and errors of omission. As with subjective mood, modafinil's superiority was particularly evident in the early morning hours.
Author :North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :410 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (243 download)
Book Synopsis AGARD Index of Publications by : North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development
Download or read book AGARD Index of Publications written by North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 1244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resident Duty Hours by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Resident Duty Hours written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical residents in hospitals are often required to be on duty for long hours. In 2003 the organization overseeing graduate medical education adopted common program requirements to restrict resident workweeks, including limits to an average of 80 hours over 4 weeks and the longest consecutive period of work to 30 hours in order to protect patients and residents from unsafe conditions resulting from excessive fatigue. Resident Duty Hours provides a timely examination of how those requirements were implemented and their impact on safety, education, and the training institutions. An in-depth review of the evidence on sleep and human performance indicated a need to increase opportunities for sleep during residency training to prevent acute and chronic sleep deprivation and minimize the risk of fatigue-related errors. In addition to recommending opportunities for on-duty sleep during long duty periods and breaks for sleep of appropriate lengths between work periods, the committee also recommends enhancements of supervision, appropriate workload, and changes in the work environment to improve conditions for safety and learning. All residents, medical educators, those involved with academic training institutions, specialty societies, professional groups, and consumer/patient safety organizations will find this book useful to advocate for an improved culture of safety.
Book Synopsis Crew Factors in Flight Operations by :
Download or read book Crew Factors in Flight Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Patient Safety and Quality by : Ronda Hughes
Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/
Book Synopsis Human Health and Performance Risks of Space Exploration Missions by : Jancy C. McPhee
Download or read book Human Health and Performance Risks of Space Exploration Missions written by Jancy C. McPhee and published by U. S. National Aeronautics & Space Administration. This book was released on 2009 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Committee on Military Nutrition Research by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Committee on Military Nutrition Research written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-08-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The activities of the Food and Nutrition Board's Committee on Military Nutrition Research (CMNR, the committee) have been supported since 1994 by grant DAMD17-94-J-4046 from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC). This report fulfills the final reporting requirement of the grant, and presents a summary of activities for the grant period from December 1, 1994 through May 31, 1999. During this grant period, the CMNR has met from three to six times each year in response to issues that are brought to the committee through the Military Nutrition and Biochemistry Division of the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine at Natick, Massachusetts, and the Military Operational Medicine Program of USAMRMC at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The CMNR has submitted five workshop reports (plus two preliminary reports), including one that is a joint project with the Subcommittee on Body Composition, Nutrition, and Health of Military Women; three letter reports, and one brief report, all with recommendations, to the Commander, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, since September 1995 and has a brief report currently in preparation. These reports are summarized in the following activity report with synopses of additional topics for which reports were deferred pending completion of military research in progress. This activity report includes as appendixes the conclusions and recommendations from the nine reports and has been prepared in a fashion to allow rapid access to committee recommendations on the topics covered over the time period.
