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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Performance of Zinc Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal-sprayed Zinc Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Steel-reinforced Concrete Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal-sprayed zinc anodes are being used in Oregon in impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems for reinforced concrete bridges. The U.S. Department of Energy, Albany Research Center, is collaborating with the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) to evaluate the long-term performance and service life of these anodes. Laboratory studies were conducted on concrete slabs coated with 0.5 mm (20 mil) thick, thermal-sprayed zinc anodes. The slabs were electrochemically aged at an accelerated rate using an anode current density of 0.032 A/m2 (3mA/ft2). Half the slabs were preheated before thermal-spraying with zinc; the other half were unheated. Electrochemical aging resulted in the formation at the zinc-concrete interface of a thin, low pH zone (relative to cement paste) consisting primarily of ZnO and Zn(OH)2, and in a second zone of calcium and zinc aluminates and silicates formed by secondary mineralization. Both zones contained elevated concentrations of sulfate and chloride ions. The original bond strength of the zinc coating decreased due to the loss of mechanical bond to the concrete with the initial passage of electrical charge (aging). Additional charge led to an increase in bond strength to a maximum as the result of secondary mineralization of zinc dissolution products with the cement paste. Further charge led to a decrease in bond strength and ultimately coating disbondment as the interfacial reaction zones continued to thicken. This occurred at an effective service life of 27 years at the 0.0022 A/m2 (0.2 mA/ft2) current density typically used by ODOT in ICCP systems for coastal bridges. Zinc coating failure under tensile stress was primarily cohesive within the thickening reaction zones at the zinc-concrete interface. There was no difference between the bond strength of zinc coatings on preheated and unheated concrete surfaces after long service times.
Author : Ali Akbar Sohanghpurwala
Publisher : Transportation Research Board National Research
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection for Life Extension of Existing Reinforced Concrete Bridge Elements written by Ali Akbar Sohanghpurwala and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 2009 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Author : Farid Abooameri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (364 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Cathodic Protection in Reinforced Concrete Bridges written by Farid Abooameri and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steel corrosion in reinforced concrete is a major concern to transportation agencies nationwide because of the expenses incurred for repair and ultimate shortening of bridge life. Cathodic protection (CP), as a remedy, has been applied to reinforced bridges in the US since 1974. However, application of this technique is largely empirical, lacking fundamental understanding. In order to optimize the performance of a CP system, it is important to monitor the rebar potential with respect to a reliable reference electrode. Moreover, because of potential variation in the concrete, reference cell placement is fundamental to ensure effective protection. The work plan was divided into two parts: laboratory scale experimentation and computer simulation. In the experimentation section, the response of graphite probes was compared to that of an Orion silver-silver chloride electrode. Graphite probes behaved as well as the standard electrode. Furthermore, the home-made graphite probes behaved the same as the commercial ones. This will allow much greater experimental latitude since the home-made probes are much more economical than the commercial ones. A finite difference code was developed to assess the performance of cathodic protection. The potential distribution in a two dimensional geometry of a concrete block with a sprayed zinc anode at one boundary and an iron cathode at the other side was calculated under cathodic protection. The equations were solved by means of a Gauss-Seidel iterative method with the help of an overrelaxation factor. An interval halving method was used to solve for nonlinear boundary condition at the iron. The effects of concrete pore saturation, concrete cover, and applied potential were studied to determine the degree of protection and proper placement of the reference electrode in concrete. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed versus input parameters: concrete conductivity, oxygen mass transfer coefficient, and oxygen reduction polarization parameters. The results of the simulation showed that the center of the rebar is less protected than the other locations. Therefore, the reference electrode should be located as close to the center as possible.
Author : Jack E. Bennett
Publisher : Strategic Highway Research Program (Shrp)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection of Concrete Bridges written by Jack E. Bennett and published by Strategic Highway Research Program (Shrp). This book was released on 1993 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides explanation, guidance, and direction concerning cathodic protection of concrete bridge elements to the highway engineer who wants to incorporate cathodic protection in a bridge project. The manual which provides background information on corrosion fundamentals, is divided into 3 parts: design, construction, and operation and maintenance. An appendix provides standard specifications for cathodic protection systems for both decks and substructures. The document is intended to be a useful reference for engineers who design and prepare specifications or who oversee turnkey operations.
Author : David Whiting
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)
Download or read book Evaluations of Sacrificial Anodes for Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by David Whiting and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laboratory evaluations were carried out on a series of anode materials, including aluminum, magnesium, and zinc alloys. Anode/steel couples were placed in simulated concrete environments consisting of sealed containers filled with silica sand treated with a mixed alkali-chloride solution. Measurements of current flow, circuit resistance, potential, and depolarization were made over a period of 18 weeks. Based on results obtained, aluminum and zinc anodes were found to hold the most promise for use as galvanic anodes in reinforced concrete bridge decks. A series of reinforced concrete test slabs were produced for evaluation of the candidate materials. Normal-weight structural concrete, structural lightweight concrete, free-draining concrete, and free-draining latex-modified concrete overlays were placed over the anodes to serve as riding surfaces. Performance of the cathodic protection (CP) systems was evaluated using current flow and depolarization techniques.
Author : Xiaoge Gregory Zhang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306453342
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (533 download)
Download or read book Corrosion and Electrochemistry of Zinc written by Xiaoge Gregory Zhang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-09-30 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humankind's use of zinc stretches back to antiquity, and it was a component in some of the earliest known alloy systems. Even though metallic zinc was not "discovered" in Europe until 1746 (by Marggral), zinc ores were used for making brass in biblical times, and an 87% zinc alloy was found in prehistoric ruins in Transylvania. Also, zinc (the metal) was produced in quantity in India as far back as the thirteenth century, well before it was recognized as being a separate element. The uses of zinc are manifold, ranging from galvanizing to die castings to electronics. It is a preferred anode material in high-energy-density batteries (e.g., Ni/Zn, Ag/Zn, ZnJair), so that its electrochemistry, particularly in alkaline media, has been extensively explored. In the passive state, zinc is photoelectrochemically active, with the passive film displaying n-type characteristics. For the same reason that zinc is considered to be an excellent battery anode, it has found extensive use as a sacrificial anode for the protection of ships and pipelines from corrosion. Indeed, aside from zinc's well-known attributes as an alloying element, its widespread use is principally due to its electrochemical properties, which include a well-placed position in the galvanic series for protecting iron and steel in natural aqueous environments and its reversible dissolution behavior in alkaline solutions.
Author : John P. Broomfield
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000822486
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Corrosion of Steel in Concrete written by John P. Broomfield and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion of Steel in Concrete: Understanding, Investigation and Repair is a guide for designing, constructing and maintaining reinforced concrete structures, such as buildings and bridges which are subject to reinforcement corrosion. It presents the basics of theory and practice in steel corrosion in concrete and reviews the latest research and developments, such as progress on measuring the corrosion threshold for chloride-induced corrosion. This third edition compares the currently proliferating major national and international standards and guidance documents. New developments are considered, such as hybrid anodes for electrochemical treatment and the latest research and developments in assessment, such as the use of ground penetrating radar to measure the chloride content of the concrete cover. It overhauls coverage of electrochemical repair and rehabilitation techniques and outlines recent innovations in structural repair and construction and investigates their implications for durability. The book is ideal for practitioners and graduate students in structural engineering and concrete technology.
Author : Paul M. Chess
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203938070
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection of Steel in Concrete and Masonry written by Paul M. Chess and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-04 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revised and updated, this second edition of Cathodic Protection of Steel in Concrete and Masonry covers both reinforced concrete and masonry structures, describes in detail the overall design factors involved in cathodic protection (CP), and also provides a theoretical basis for why it works. It refers to the new European standard EN 12696 for cath
Author : Carlo Pellegrino
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030918777
Total Pages : 1454 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures written by Carlo Pellegrino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-11 with total page 1454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of quality control and improvement of bridges and structures, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 1st Conference of the European Association on Quality Control of Bridges and Structures (EUROSTRUCT 2021), held in Padua, Italy on August 29 – September 1, 2021. Contributions include a wide range of topics such as testing and advanced diagnostic techniques for damage detection; SHM and AI, IoT and machine learning for data analysis of bridges and structures; fiberoptics and smart sensors for long-term SHM; structural reliability, risk, robustness, redundancy and resilience for bridges; corrosion models, fatigue analysis and impact of hazards on infrastructure components; bridge and asset management systems, and decision-making models; Life-Cycle Analysis, retrofit and service-life extension, risk management protocols; quality control plans, sustainability and green materials.
Author : M. Funahashi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Development of a New Sacrificial Cathodic Protection System for Steel Embedded in Concrete written by M. Funahashi and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the interim report for a study to evaluate the use of sacrificial cathodic protection for reinforced and prestressed concrete bridge members. Cathodic protection (CP) using impressed current is an accepted and common method used to provide corrosion protection to steel in concrete. This study examined the performance of existing sacrificial alloys in different environments for sacrificial CP, and developed new sacrificial alloys for protecting steel in concrete. The study consisted of both laboratory and field tasks. The first task consisted of tests to identify suitable environments for sacrificial alloys. In the second task, two bridges with a zinc sacrificial anode in the Florida Keys were inspected and tested. Data on anode current output, anode and cathode potential, and anode and cathode depolarization were recorded.
Author : John B. Vrable
Publisher : Transportation Research Board National Research
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by John B. Vrable and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1977 with total page 1304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection Field Trials on Prestressed Concrete Components, Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final report in a study to demonstrate the feasibility of using cathodic protection (CP) on concrete bridge structures containing prestressed steel. The interim report, FHWA-RD-95-032, has more details on the installation of selected CP systems. Past laboratory and test yard studies had indicated that overprotection could result in the evolution of atomic hydrogen and the embrittlement of prestressing steel. Systems utilizing catalyzed titanium mesh, conductive rubber, and arc-sprayed zinc anodes were installed on prestressed pilings and girders of the Howard Frankland Bridge in Tampa, Florida; and systems using flame-sprayed zinc and conductive paint anodes were installed on the soffit of prestressed box beams of the Abbey Road and West 130th Street bridges near Cleveland, Ohio. For most of the components tested, CP was achieved safely and reliably without reaching conditions that could result in embrittlement of prestressed steel.
Author : Paul M. Chess
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351045822
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Structures written by Paul M. Chess and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cathodic protection of reinforced concrete structures is a technique for rescuing corrosion damaged structures and, in certain instances, preventing them from corroding in the first place, and its use is growing. This book is for specialist contractors, large consultants and owners of corrosion damaged structures, and looks at international experience with this technique. It examines why corrosion is occurring, the differences in the application of CP with the stark dichotomy in its success and failure, and finally ways in which its performance can be improved on future installations. Information is valuable, as the success or failure of the CP system has a marked effect on the service life of the structure.
Author : Richard A. Carello
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Cathodic Protection of a Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck and Soffit Using Metallized Zinc written by Richard A. Carello and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Whiting
Publisher : Transportation Research Board National Research
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Galvanic Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by David Whiting and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1981 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Galvanic Cathodic Protection for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
