Performance Assessment of Oversized Culverts to Accommodate Fish Passage

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Assessment of Oversized Culverts to Accommodate Fish Passage by : Brad Hansen

Download or read book Performance Assessment of Oversized Culverts to Accommodate Fish Passage written by Brad Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Minnesota there is not a standard culvert design used at road crossings to improve aquatic organism or fish passage. The design process for fish passage in Minnesota is currently based on the knowledge and experience of local county, state and DNR personnel. The design methodology attempts to maintain the natural stream dimensions, pattern and profile through the culvert crossing. If designed properly aquatic organisms and fish that can make it upstream to the culvert should be able to pass through the culvert. This research was conducted to better understand the hydraulic conditions related to the practice of recessing culverts and other fish passage design elements over a range of landscapes in Minnesota. The design elements analyzed included bankfull width, slope, channel materials, side barrels and recessed culverts. Nineteen culvert sites were survey around the state. The main criterion used to evaluate performance of the culverts was the presence or absence of adequate sediment in the recessed culvert barrel. Six of the fourteen sites with recessed barrels had no sediment accumulation. A likely reason that these culverts lack sediment was increased velocities due to improper sizing relative to bankfull channel width and the accumulation of sediment in the side barrels. Wider Rosgen "C" type channels also correlated with performance issues related to culvert design.

Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts : a Field Evaluation

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts : a Field Evaluation by : Thomas J. McClellan

Download or read book Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts : a Field Evaluation written by Thomas J. McClellan and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fish Passage Through Culverts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage Through Culverts by : Calvin O. Baker

Download or read book Fish Passage Through Culverts written by Calvin O. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The success of fish migration through culverts is dependent on the swimming ability of the fish and the hydraulic conditions of the culvert. Properly designed and constructed culverts can minimize the impact on fish passage. Because culverts are typically more economical than bridges, it is appropriate to evaluate when to use culverts and to predict the effects of such culvert installations. During the consideration of alternatives for structures for fish passage, culverts should not be automatically eliminated. This publication has tried to examine the aspects of culvert design and operation relative to the existing information that has been published in previous studies. Ideally, a culvert installation should not change the conditions that existed prior to that installation. This means that the cross-sectional area should not be restricted by the culvert, the slope should not change, and the roughness coefficients should remain the same. Any change in these conditions will result in a velocity change which could alter the sediment transportation capacity of the stream. A truly successful culvert design would include matching the velocities of the fish's swimming zone in the culvert to the swimming capacity of the design fish. Unfortunately, not enough research has been completed to make this an acceptable criterion of culvert design. This approach is preferred because it is easier to reduce the velocities in the swimming zone by increasing the boundary roughness than it is to reduce the mean velocity of the entire culvert. This publication contains some relatively simple guidelines which can reduce the installation problems of culverts in streams containing migrating fish when combined with the expertise of an experience fish biologist, engineer, and hydrologist.

Assessment of Road Culverts for Fish Passage Problems on State- and County-owned Roads

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Road Culverts for Fish Passage Problems on State- and County-owned Roads by : Albert H. Mirati

Download or read book Assessment of Road Culverts for Fish Passage Problems on State- and County-owned Roads written by Albert H. Mirati and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Assessment and Prioritization of Culverts for Enhanced Fish Passage

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment and Prioritization of Culverts for Enhanced Fish Passage by : Natalie Kruse Daniels

Download or read book Assessment and Prioritization of Culverts for Enhanced Fish Passage written by Natalie Kruse Daniels and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culverts can be an impediment to fish passage, impacting fish populations and spawning of both migratory and non-migratory species. With increased opportunities to invest in both water resources and infrastructure, prioritizing and selecting potential locations for culvert replacement to remove fish barriers is timely. In this project, we engaged with stakeholders in the eastern basin of Lake Erie to discuss and visit both potential and completed culvert replacement project sites; these stakeholders would be strong potential partners for ODOT in the future. The OHIO team also reviewed approved NPS-IS plans for identification of fish passage barriers that may be useful planning and design-ready project sites for ODOT to pursue if funding were available. The OHIO team also developed a method to prioritize and identify potential culvert replacement project locations using a GIS-based analysis. Culverts in target, high quality watersheds on perennial or intermittent streams are identified. Their openness ratio is then calculated; a low openness ratio is poor for fish passage and suggests that the site could be a good candidate. Aerial imagery and LiDAR data are then used to calculate an average slope of the culvert from the streambed upstream to the streambed downstream of the culvert. A high average slope would suggest either a highly sloped culvert or a low to moderate slope culvert with a vertical disconnection on the downstream end; either case would be poor for fish passage. Natural breaks in the data suggested that sites with high slope (>10%) and sites with moderate slope (4-10%) should be field verified as potential project sites.

Roadway Drainage Guide for Installing Culverts to Accommodate Fish

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Roadway Drainage Guide for Installing Culverts to Accommodate Fish by : United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region. Engineering and Aviation Management

Download or read book Roadway Drainage Guide for Installing Culverts to Accommodate Fish written by United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region. Engineering and Aviation Management and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts by : T.J. McClellan

Download or read book Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts written by T.J. McClellan and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Assessment of Culverts of Fish Passage Barriers in a Montana Drainage Using a Multi-tiered Approach

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis An Assessment of Culverts of Fish Passage Barriers in a Montana Drainage Using a Multi-tiered Approach by : Duncan Drake Burford

Download or read book An Assessment of Culverts of Fish Passage Barriers in a Montana Drainage Using a Multi-tiered Approach written by Duncan Drake Burford and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Restriction or blockage of fish movement due to culverts may have important consequences to fish populations. Problems include the direct loss of critical upstream habitats, and the loss of connectivity with neighboring populations; however, culvert barriers may also serve to protect native species from nonnative species encroachment. Culverts can impede fish movement due to high water velocities, inadequate water depths, and excessive outfall heights among other factors. Most previous studies have focused on fish passage at only a few culverts and thus the extent to which culverts impede fish passage across large drainage basins is largely unknown. In this study, a multi-tiered approach was used to assess fish passage through culverts throughout the upper Clearwater River drainage, Montana. The FishXing software program was used to assess juvenile and adult fish passage at 46 culverts across a wide range of stream discharge. At a subset of 20 culverts, population sampling upstream and downstream of each culvert at low flow was used to determine the degree to which culverts are influencing relative abundance, size structure, and species presence. At a further subset of 10 sites, passage was measured directly at low flow by monitoring the movement of marked fish through culverts with differing physical characteristics. FishXing results indicated that 76-85% of the culverts were barriers, depending on the streamflow and lifestage assessed. The population sampling results indicated that there were a only few differences in relative abundance or size structure at the culverts sampled at low flow, and there was little evidence to suggest that species presence was different below versus above the culverts. The direct passage study results showed that some passage occurred at 90% of the culverts studied at low flow. However, 7 of the 10 culverts showed some degree of passage impedance. There was a moderately significant positive relationship between passage impedance and outlet height (r2 = 0.41, P = 0.047). In summary, the culverts were restricting passage to upstream habitats that may be important for spawning, growth, and survival, but they were generally not isolating populations nor serving as barriers to protect native species from non-native species encroachment.

Fish Passage Assessment of Culverts Constructed to Simulate Stream Conditions on Laird River Tributaries

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage Assessment of Culverts Constructed to Simulate Stream Conditions on Laird River Tributaries by : G. A. McKinnon

Download or read book Fish Passage Assessment of Culverts Constructed to Simulate Stream Conditions on Laird River Tributaries written by G. A. McKinnon and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fish Passage in Large Culverts with Low Flows

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781508810889
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage in Large Culverts with Low Flows by : U.s. Department of Transportation

Download or read book Fish Passage in Large Culverts with Low Flows written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-10 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, culverts have been designed for hydraulic efficiency without consideration of fish passage or, more generally, aquatic organism passage. Over time, it has become apparent that culverts frequently become impediments to healthy aquatic ecosystems because they can prevent the movement of fish and other aquatic organisms upstream and downstream through the culvert. Therefore, aquatic organism passage through culverts has become an important design element component for road/stream crossings. Common physical characteristics that may create barriers include high water velocity, shallow water depth, large outlet drop heights, turbulence within the culvert, and accumulation of debris. Sediment deposition and erosion at the culvert may also create a barrier to passage. Culvert length, slope, and roughness may create conditions that impede passage as well. Further complicating design is that passage needs differ by species, life stage, and season. To address this complex task, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) developed a stream simulation approach for designing culverts. Stream simulation is based on the concept that if conditions inside a culvert are similar to those conditions in the stream upstream and downstream of the culvert, then aquatic organism passage will be provided without consideration of the specific physical requirements of one or more species. However, stream simulation is not appropriate for all situations. For example, an existing culvert that is blocking passage may not be a good candidate for replacement using stream simulation because of the size of the embankment or insufficient budget for a replacement. Applications of stream simulation may also be limited for new culvert installations. Site constraints or budget limits could dictate a smaller culvert installation than would be recommended by stream simulation. In these cases, it may be desirable to design a culvert crossing considering the specific passage needs of a specific species of fish. Doing so requires an understanding of the migration seasonality, life stage swimming capabilities, and stream flow rates expected during passage. Ideally, this information is developed by a multidisciplinary team of aquatic biologists, hydrologists, and engineers. From this information, the maximum velocity and minimum depth requirements for the target fish are derived. Considering only average velocity in a culvert masks that there are zones within the flow field where velocities both higher and lower than the average exist. The objective of this research is to assist in the design of culverts for fish passage by 1) identifying zones of lower velocity that are conducive to fish passage and 2) developing practical design methods quantifying these lower velocity zones.

Advanced Studies of Fish Passage Through Culverts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Studies of Fish Passage Through Culverts by : Matthew David Blank

Download or read book Advanced Studies of Fish Passage Through Culverts written by Matthew David Blank and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish passage through culverts is an important component of road and stream crossing design. Although no comprehensive inventory of the number of culverts on fishbearing streams in the United States is available, there is an estimated 1.4 million streamroad crossings. The most common physical characteristics that create barriers to fish passage include excessive water velocity, insufficient water depth and large outlet drop heights. Over the past decade, interest in the effect culvert barriers have on aquatic systems has grown; accordingly, various passage assessment techniques have been used to determine whether a structure is a barrier and to what degree (its "barrierity"). Recent research has shown that determining the barrierity of a culvert is not trivial, and that different methods are often not congruent in their classification of "barrierity". The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of velocity on fish passage in great detail by: testing the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for estimating the 3-D velocity field through a culvert; quantifying velocity diversity through culverts for a range of flows; characterizing the energy expenditure paths through a culvert and identifying the passageways Yellowstone cutthroat trout used to successfully negotiate passage; and developing and testing a new barrier assessment method. The research was done, in part, by studying fish passage through culverts in Mulherin Creek, an important spawning tributary for Yellowstone cutthrout trout migrating from the Yellowstone River. Comparisons between predicted and observed velocities show 86% and 82% of variation in the observed velocity data were explained by the CFD model, for flow rates of 1.44 m3/s and 0.87 m3/s, respectively. The diverse velocity field through the culvert barrel created a range of energy expenditure paths through the entire culvert length. Fish movement observations showed successful passage only for trout seeking and using the minimum energy path created, in part, by the skew between the upstream channel and the culvert. This research investigated a new hydraulic approach to assessing barriers that uses the 3-D velocity field. Comparisons between estimated passage and measured passage show the 3-D method most accurately indicated passability compared to a 1-D method.

Fish Passage Through Retrofitted Culverts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage Through Retrofitted Culverts by :

Download or read book Fish Passage Through Retrofitted Culverts written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fish Passage at UDOT Culverts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage at UDOT Culverts by : Aaron Evens Beavers

Download or read book Fish Passage at UDOT Culverts written by Aaron Evens Beavers and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed as part of the research are tools to prioritize and assess culverts. A GIS database was developed to store fish passage assessment data as well as provide functions for prioritizing culverts on the state and regional level. A fish passage assessment protocol for assessing UDOT culverts was developed based on existing fish passage assessments. The culvert assessment was tailored to meet developed UDOT fish passage strategies. A training manual was also created to aid technicians on performing the several physical culvert assessments developed. Additionally, a mark and recapture study at six UDOT culverts was performed to field verify the developed culvert assessment procedure. A step by step methodology was then created to establish critical progression for prioritizing and assessing culverts for fish passage utilizing project results.

Hydraulic Loss Coefficients for Culverts

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Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309258677
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydraulic Loss Coefficients for Culverts by : Blake P. Tullis

Download or read book Hydraulic Loss Coefficients for Culverts written by Blake P. Tullis and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in the area of culvert hydraulics has centered on concrete box culverts and circular corrugated metal pipe culverts. The hydraulic analyses of these culvert types have been well defined for conventional installations, but not for environmentally sensitive and nontraditional culverts. It is desirable to design and construct some culvert crossings to minimize their impact on the natural environment. Culverts are now being designed to maintain natural velocities and minimize turbulence to allow migratory species to pass through the culvert barrel. Such designs may add baffles on the invert, bury the culvert invert, or use bottomless culverts to provide for a natural stream invert. Other designs use larger and wider culverts to reduce the amount of contraction and acceleration.

Sensitivity of 1-D Hydraulic Models of Fish Passage in Culverts to Descriptions of Fish Swimming Performance

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Sensitivity of 1-D Hydraulic Models of Fish Passage in Culverts to Descriptions of Fish Swimming Performance by : Kyle Marshall Nixon

Download or read book Sensitivity of 1-D Hydraulic Models of Fish Passage in Culverts to Descriptions of Fish Swimming Performance written by Kyle Marshall Nixon and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One way culverts become barriers to the upstream movement of fish is by creating excessive velocities exceeding a fish's swimming ability. FishXing, a common tool for indirectly assessing fish passage, uses fish swimming ability information with one-dimensional culvert hydraulics to predict barrier status of culverts. However, since fish swimming ability data is scarce for many fish species, predictions of a culvert's barrier status can be inaccurate and overly conservative, possibly leading to misclassification or uneconomical design. Additional fish swimming ability research is necessary to strengthen these models. The primary goal of this study was to determine the effects of different swimming ability algorithms on velocity barrier flow rates predicted by one-dimensional culvert hydraulics models. A one-dimensional culvert hydraulics model was created in Visual Basic. This model was designed to mimic FishXing's fish swimming algorithm, or use more complex fish swimming algorithms. Three diverse test culverts were selected to show how varying culvert properties (length, geometry, flow regime, and embedment) influences which fish swimming ability algorithm most affects the predicted velocity barrier flow rate. A "test fish" was designed based upon fish swimming ability literature. Each culvert was subjected to six tests, each testing the sensitivity of a particular fish swimming algorithm. This study determined that for different types of culverts, different components of fish swimming ability algorithms substantially affect the velocity barrier flow rate. The study needed only three test culverts to show that accurate quantification of the fish species' burst speed, burst duration, the burst speed/duration relationship, prolonged swimming speed, and constant deceleration time from burst to prolonged speed is necessary to model diverse fish passage situations. This study also showed that if a fish has a substantial deceleration time, a constant deceleration is probably sufficient to model it. In the future, if programs like FishXing adapt to include deceleration in fish swimming models, constant deceleration is an adequate addition. With this analysis, fish swimming ability variables substantially affecting fish passage were determined. The study can be used to guide further research so swimming ability studies can gather swimming data that is most crucial to predicting fish passage.

Fish Passage at UDOT Culverts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage at UDOT Culverts by : Aaron E. Beavers

Download or read book Fish Passage at UDOT Culverts written by Aaron E. Beavers and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UDOT is responsible for approximately 47,000 culverts, 5% of which carry live streams. Fish passage is addressed only on an as-needed basis. Currently UDOT has no prioritization or assessment strategy procedure for fish passage at UDOT road-stream crossings. This research will provide UDOT with culvert prioritization and fish passage assessment protocols.

Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (966 download)

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Book Synopsis Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts by :

Download or read book Fish Passage Through Highway Culverts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: