Pension Privatization And Country Risk

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Pension Privatization and Country Risk

Author : Ms.Maria Gonzalez
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451870531
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Pension Privatization and Country Risk by : Ms.Maria Gonzalez

Download or read book Pension Privatization and Country Risk written by Ms.Maria Gonzalez and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores how privatizing a pension system can affect sovereign credit risk. For this purpose, it analyzes the importance that rating agencies give to implicit pension debt (IPD) in their assessments of sovereign creditworthiness. We find that rating agencies generally do not seem to give much weight to IPD, focusing instead on explicit public debt. However, by channeling pension contributions away from the government and creating a deficit of resources to cover the current pension liabilities during the reform's transition period, a pension privatization reform may transform IPD into explicit public debt, adversely affecting a sovereign's perceived creditworthiness, thus increasing its risk premium. In this light, accompanying pension reform with efforts to offset its transition costs through fiscal adjustment would help preserve a country's credit rating.

Privatizing Social Security

Author : Martin Feldstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226241823
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Privatizing Social Security by : Martin Feldstein

Download or read book Privatizing Social Security written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents the most important work to date on one of the pressing policy issues of the moment: the privatization of social security. Although social security is facing enormous fiscal pressure in the face of an aging population, there has been relatively little published on the fundamentals of essential reform through privatization. Privatizing Social Security fills this void by studying the methods and problems involved in shifting from the current system to one based on mandatory saving in individual accounts. "Timely and important. . . . [Privatizing Social Security] presents a forceful case for a radical shift from the existing unfunded, pay-as-you-go single national program to a mandatory funded program with individual savings accounts. . . . An extensive analysis of how a privatized plan would work in the United States is supplemented with the experiences of five other countries that have privatized plans." —Library Journal "[A] high-powered collection of essays by top experts in the field."—Timothy Taylor, Public Interest

Pension Fund Capitalism

Author : Leokadia Oręziak
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9781032078649
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (786 download)

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Book Synopsis Pension Fund Capitalism by : Leokadia Oręziak

Download or read book Pension Fund Capitalism written by Leokadia Oręziak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book examines the origins and consequences of so-called pension fund capitalism, which has spread around the world since 1981, when the pension system was completely privatized in Chile. The author highlights the driving forces behind the privatization of pensions, its forms and tools used in practice, and the risks and costs related to private pensions. The reader can also learn about the experiences of various developed countries (including the USA, Canada, Australia, and Germany), as well as Latin American (including Chile) and Eastern European countries, related to the privatization of pensions. Particular attention is paid to Poland as an example of a country where such privatization failed completely. This book provides a source of serious reflection on what this privatization has led to, what its real economic and social consequences are and what the likelihood is of reversing it and strengthening the public pension system. Academic researchers and students of economics and finance, as well as social and political sciences, will find the book invaluable in understanding the problems arising from the privatization of pensions. It will also be of interest to professionals: institutions that shape or influence economic and social policy, including political parties, trade unions, non-governmental organizations, the media, and institutions operating on the financial market"--

Privatizing Pensions

Author : Mitchell A. Orenstein
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691136974
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Privatizing Pensions by : Mitchell A. Orenstein

Download or read book Privatizing Pensions written by Mitchell A. Orenstein and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2008-08-31 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reveals how international institutions have played a seminal role in the development, diffusion, and implementation of new pension reforms that are transforming the postwar social contract in more than 30 countries worldwide, including the United States.

Reforming Pensions: Principles and Policy Choices

Author : Nicholas Barr
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199885990
Total Pages : 785 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Pensions: Principles and Policy Choices by : Nicholas Barr

Download or read book Reforming Pensions: Principles and Policy Choices written by Nicholas Barr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-17 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mandatory pensions are a worldwide phenomenon. However, with fixed contribution rates, monthly benefits, and retirement ages, pension systems are not consistent with three long-run trends: declining mortality, declining fertility, and earlier retirement. Many systems need reform. This book gives an extensive nontechnical explanation of the economics of pension design. The theoretical arguments have three elements: * Pension systems have multiple objectives--consumption smoothing, insurance, poverty relief, and redistribution. Good policy needs to bear them all in mind. * Good analysis should be framed in a second-best context-- simple economic models are a bad guide to policy design in a world with imperfect information and decision-making, incomplete markets and taxation. * Any choice of pension system has risk-sharing and distributional consequences, which the book recognizes explicitly. Barr and Diamond's analysis includes labor markets, capital markets, risk sharing, and gender and family, with comparison of PAYG and funded systems, recognizing that the suitable level of funding differs by country. Alongside the economic principles of good design, policy must also take account of a country's capacity to implement the system. Thus the theoretical analysis is complemented by discussion of implementation, and of experiences, both good and bad, in many countries, with particular attention to Chile and China.

Dismantling Solidarity

Author : Michael A. McCarthy
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501708198
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Dismantling Solidarity by : Michael A. McCarthy

Download or read book Dismantling Solidarity written by Michael A. McCarthy and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why has old-age security become less solidaristic and increasingly tied to risky capitalist markets? Drawing on rich archival data that covers more than fifty years of American history, Michael A. McCarthy argues that the critical driver was policymakers' reactions to capitalist crises and their political imperative to promote capitalist growth.Pension development has followed three paths of marketization in America since the New Deal, each distinct but converging: occupational pension plans were adopted as an alternative to real increases in Social Security benefits after World War II, private pension assets were then financialized and invested into the stock market, and, since the 1970s, traditional pension plans have come to be replaced with riskier 401(k) retirement plans. Comparing each episode of change, Dismantling Solidarity mounts a forceful challenge to common understandings of America’s private pension system and offers an alternative political economy of the welfare state. McCarthy weaves together a theoretical framework that helps to explain pension marketization with structural mechanisms that push policymakers to intervene to promote capitalist growth and avoid capitalist crises and contingent historical factors that both drive them to intervene in the particular ways they do and shape how their interventions bear on welfare change. By emphasizing the capitalist context in which policymaking occurs, McCarthy turns our attention to the structural factors that drive policy change. Dismantling Solidarity is both theoretically and historically detailed and superbly argued, urging the reader to reconsider how capitalism itself constrains policymaking. It will be of interest to sociologists, political scientists, historians, and those curious about the relationship between capitalism and democracy.

Rethinking Pension Reform

Author : Franco Modigliani
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521834117
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Pension Reform by : Franco Modigliani

Download or read book Rethinking Pension Reform written by Franco Modigliani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-02 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is unique as it presents an academic and a practical aspect on managing pension funds to clarify the global debate on social security. The authors establish the basic choices in designating any system to help policy makers develop the system that achieves their many objectives. The success of reforms depends on financial innovation to mitigate key risks and some innovations are discussed, which also demonstrates how pension reform choices affect the achievement of retirement objectives. Finally, the authors examine some proposed hybrid options to show how the beneficial features of these hybrids can be captured through good design in a single fund.

Social Security Pensions

Author : C. Gillion
Publisher : International Labor Office
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Security Pensions by : C. Gillion

Download or read book Social Security Pensions written by C. Gillion and published by International Labor Office. This book was released on 2000 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By providing a balanced assessment and factual review of the praticalities and structure behind various pension schemes around the world, this book assists decision-makers in forming effective, viable pension policy.

IMF Engagement on Pension Issues in Surveillance and Program Work

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Engagement on Pension Issues in Surveillance and Program Work by : International Monetary

Download or read book IMF Engagement on Pension Issues in Surveillance and Program Work written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-06-15 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is increasingly involved in offering policy advice on public pension issues to member countries. Public pension spending is important from both fiscal and welfare perspectives. Pension policy and its reforms can have significant fiscal and distribution implications, can influence labor supply and labor demand decisions, and may impact consumption and savings behavior. This technical note provides guidance on assessing public pension systems’ macrocriticality, i.e., sustainability, adequacy, and efficiency; it also discusses the issues and policy trade-offs to be considered when designing responses aiming to address these dimensions of the pension system. The paper emphasizes the importance of taking a long-term, comprehensive perspective when evaluating public pension spending and providing policy advice. Where feasible, reforms should be gradual and transparent to allow individuals ample time to adjust their work and savings decisions and to facilitate consumption smoothing over their lifecycle to avoid poverty in old age. It is also important to ensure that pension systems’ design and reforms do not lead to undesirable impacts in other policy areas including general tax compliance, health insurance coverage, labor force participation among older workers, or labor market informality. The paper emphasizes the importance country-specific social and economic objectives and constraints, as well as political economy realities – factors that can determine whether a pension reform is a success or failure.

Modeling, Dynamics, Optimization and Bioeconomics IV

Author : Alberto Pinto
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030781631
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling, Dynamics, Optimization and Bioeconomics IV by : Alberto Pinto

Download or read book Modeling, Dynamics, Optimization and Bioeconomics IV written by Alberto Pinto and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, following the three published volumes of the book, provides the main purpose to collect research papers and review papers to provide an overview of the main issues, results, and open questions in the cutting-edge research on the fields of modeling, optimization, and dynamics and their applications to biology, economy, energy, industry, physics, psychology and finance. Assuming the scientific relevance of the presenting innovative applications as well as merging issues in these areas, the purpose of this book is to collect papers of the world experts in mathematics, economics, and other applied sciences that is seminal to the future research developments. The majority of the papers presented in this book is authored by the participants in The Joint Meeting 6th International Conference on Dynamics, Games, and Science – DGSVI – JOLATE and in the 21st ICABR Conference. The scientific scope of the conferences is focused on the fields of modeling, optimization, and dynamics and their applications to biology, economy, energy, industry, physics, psychology, and finance. Assuming the scientific relevance of the presenting innovative applications as well as merging issues in these areas, the purpose of the conference is to bring together some of the world experts in mathematics, economics, and other applied sciences that reinforce ongoing projects and establish future works and collaborations.

IMF Research Bulletin, December 2008

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451959540
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Research Bulletin, December 2008 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.

Download or read book IMF Research Bulletin, December 2008 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-12-11 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: December 2008: IMF research summaries on global herding in financial markets (by Marco Cipriani) and on fiscal decentralization (by Lusine Lusinyan); article on the experiences of IMF staff at the Nobel Laureate Meetings in Lindau, Germany (by Chris Crowe); listing of visiting scholars at the IMF during August–December 2008; listing of contents of Vol. 55 No. 4 of IMF Staff Papers; listing of recent IMF Working Papers; listing of recent external publications by IMF staff; and a Call for Papers for an upcoming conference on structural reforms.

Social Protection and the Market in Latin America

Author : Sarah M. Brooks
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139474405
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Protection and the Market in Latin America by : Sarah M. Brooks

Download or read book Social Protection and the Market in Latin America written by Sarah M. Brooks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-11-03 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security institutions have been among the most stable post-war social programs around the world. Increasingly, however, these institutions have undergone profound transformation from public risk-pooling systems to individual market-based designs. Why has this 'privatization' occurred? Why do some governments enact more radical pension privatizations than others? This book provides a theoretical and empirical account of when and to what degree governments privatize national old-age pension systems. Quantitative cross-national analysis simulates the degree of pension privatization around the world and tests competing hypotheses to explain reform outcomes. In addition, comparative analysis of pension reforms in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay evaluate a causal theory of institutional change. The central argument is that pension privatization emerges from political conflict, rather than from exogenous pressures. The argument is developed around three dimensions: the double bind of globalization, contingent path-dependent processes, and the legislative politics of loss imposition.

Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries

Author : K. Hujo
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137396113
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries by : K. Hujo

Download or read book Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries written by K. Hujo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-22 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book moves beyond technical studies of pension systems by addressing the political economy of pension reform in different contexts. It provides insights into key issues related to pension policy and its developmental implications, drawing on selected country studies in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America.

International Influence Beyond Conditionality

Author : Rachel A. Epstein
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317989872
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis International Influence Beyond Conditionality by : Rachel A. Epstein

Download or read book International Influence Beyond Conditionality written by Rachel A. Epstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Union’s (EU) membership conditionality has been perceived as a highly effective means of influence on non-member states in the run-up to the 2004 and 2007 enlargements. According to the incentive-based explanation that dominates the literature, conditionality has been particularly effective when the EU offered a credible membership incentive and when governments did not consider the domestic costs of compliance threatening to their hold on power. This volume challenges much of the existing work on EU enlargement and postcommunist transition, however, by testing the conditionality thesis in the post-accession setting. Whereas a conditionality hypothesis would predict deteriorating compliance among the newest member states, several contributions here actually find the opposite. Enduring compliance among postcommunist states with the acquis, as well as with less formally institutionalized EU preferences for economic liberalization and minority protection, calls into question the role that conditionality plays in eliciting conformity. Simultaneously, support for the conditionality hypothesis in areas such as political party development and EU relations with Turkey and the western Balkans suggests conditionality’s effects vary across countries and issues. As the first study to systematically examine the relationship between international institutions and postcommunist states after enlargement, this volume provides new insights into how external actors exercise their power in domestic politics. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of European Public Policy.

The Political Economy of Pension Policy Reversal in Post-Communist Countries

Author : Sarah Wilson Sokhey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108101674
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Pension Policy Reversal in Post-Communist Countries by : Sarah Wilson Sokhey

Download or read book The Political Economy of Pension Policy Reversal in Post-Communist Countries written by Sarah Wilson Sokhey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do governments backtrack on major policy reforms? Reversals of pension privatization provide insight into why governments abandon potentially path-departing policy changes. Academics and policymakers will find this work relevant in understanding market-oriented reform, authoritarian and post-communist politics, and the politics of aging populations. The clear presentation and multi-method approach make the findings broadly accessible in understanding social security reform, an issue of increasing importance around the world. Survival analysis using global data is complemented by detailed case studies of reversal in Russia, Hungary, and Poland including original survey data. The findings support an innovative argument countering the conventional wisdom that more extensive reforms are more likely to survive. Indeed, governments pursuing moderate reform - neither the least nor most extensive reformers - were the most likely to retract. This lends insight into the stickiness of many social and economic reforms, calling for more attention to which reforms are reversible and which, as a result, may ultimately be detrimental.

Pension Fund Capitalism

Author : Leokadia Oręziak
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000568539
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Pension Fund Capitalism by : Leokadia Oręziak

Download or read book Pension Fund Capitalism written by Leokadia Oręziak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-10 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the origins and consequences of so-called pension fund capitalism, which has spread around the world since 1981, when the pension system was completely privatized in Chile. The author highlights the driving forces behind the privatization of pensions, its forms and tools used in practice, and the risks and costs related to private pensions. The reader can also learn about the experiences of various developed countries (including the USA, Canada, Australia, and Germany), as well as Latin American (including Chile) and Eastern European countries, related to the privatization of pensions. Particular attention is paid to Poland as an example of a country where such privatization failed completely. This book provides a source of serious reflection on what this privatization has led to, what its real economic and social consequences are and what the likelihood is of reversing it and strengthening the public pension system. Academic researchers and students of economics and finance, as well as social and political sciences, will find the book invaluable in understanding the problems arising from the privatization of pensions. It will also be of interest to professionals: institutions that shape or influence economic and social policy, including political parties, trade unions, non-governmental organizations, the media, and institutions operating on the financial market.

The Evolution of Supplementary Pensions

Author : Kolaczkowski, James
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1800372981
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Supplementary Pensions by : Kolaczkowski, James

Download or read book The Evolution of Supplementary Pensions written by Kolaczkowski, James and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the evolution of supplementary pensions over the past 25 years, this comprehensive book introduces the origin of pensions as a concept and explores the role that international organisations play within the field. It draws comparisons between different welfare states, reflecting upon current research and identifying new directions and ideas.