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Author : Raymond A Hinnebusch
Publisher : Westview Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Peasant And Bureaucracy In Ba`thist Syria written by Raymond A Hinnebusch and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hanna Batatu
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140084584X
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Syria's Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics written by Hanna Batatu and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the distinguished scholar Hanna Batatu presents a comprehensive analysis of the recent social, economic, and political evolution of Syria's peasantry, the segment of society from which the current holders of political power stem. Batatu focuses mainly on the twentieth century and, in particular, on the Ba`th movement, the structures of power after the military coup d'état of 1963, and the era of îvfiz al-Asad, Syria's first ruler of peasant extraction. Without seeking to prove any single theory about Syrian life, he offers a uniquely rich and detailed account of how power was transferred from one demographic group to another and how that power is maintained today. Batatu begins by examining social differences among Syria's peasants and the evolution of their mode of life and economic circumstances. He then scrutinizes the peasants' forms of consciousness, organization, and behavior in Ottoman and Mandate times and prior to the Ba`thists' rise to power. He explores the rural aspects of Ba`thism and shows that it was not a single force but a plurality of interrelated groups--prominent among them the descendants of the lesser rural notables--with different social goals and mental horizons. The book also provides a perceptive account of President Asad, his personality and conduct, and the characteristics and power structures of his regime. Batatu draws throughout on a wide range of socioeconomic and biographical information and on personal interviews with Syrian peasants and political leaders, offering invaluable insights into the complexities of a country and a regime that have long been poorly understood by outsiders.
Author : Michael Kerr
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190613149
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)
Download or read book The Alawis of Syria written by Michael Kerr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the turbulent history of the Levant the 'Alawis - a secretive, resilient and ancient Muslim sect - have aroused suspicion and animosity, including accusations of religious heresy. More recently they have been tarred with the brush of political separatism and complicity in the excesses of the Assad regime, claims that have gained greater traction since the onset of the Syrian uprising and subsequent devastating civil war. The contributors to this book provide a complex and nuanced reading of Syria's 'Alawi communities -from loyalist gangs (Shabiha) to outspoken critics of the regime. Drawing upon wide-ranging research that examines the historic, political and social dynamics of the 'Alawi and the Syrian state, the current tensions are scrutinised and fresh insights offered. Among the themes addressed are religious practice, social identities, and relations to the Ba'ath party, the Syrian state and the military apparatus. The analysis also extends to Lebanon with a focus on the embattled 'Alawi community of Jabal Mohsen in Tripoli and state relations with Hizballah amid the current crisis.
Author : James A. Paul
Publisher : Human Rights Watch
ISBN 13 : 9780929692692
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (926 download)
Download or read book Human Rights in Syria written by James A. Paul and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1990 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1980's, Syria's powerful army and prevasive security apparatus crushed opposition to the regime of Hafez Asad with great violence, killing at least 10,000 citizens and jailing thousands more. This report charges that in the intervening years, the government's respect for fundamental human rights has barely improved.
Author : Hafizullah Emadi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313015481
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Politics of the Dispossessed written by Hafizullah Emadi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2001-08-30 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of state-society development in the most volatile region of the world. In the Middle East,various anti-systemic movement and radical Islam often clashed and resisted the political, cultural, economic, and military domination of the region by the world's major imperial powers. Emadi investigates state, revolution, and development in the Middle Eastern states of Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, and Syria in the immediate post-World War II period. Maintaining that the state is an instrument of class domination, exhibiting a certain degree of autonomy in the creation and design of domestic development programs, he details the role of class in an attempt to provide a better understanding of the diverse factors at work. Politics of the Dispossessed provides an alternative analysis of development in regional politics and its context in world politics, aspects that are generally neglected by most mainstream studies. It examines state formation, internal development strategies, and how class conflict and ideology led to class alliance on an international basis, as well as the external interference in the internal affairs of these societies. It also explores the process of political and ethnic integration of the Middle East into the global economic system and the resulting counter-strategies of the nationalist and Islamic resistance to the increasing superpower domination of the international system.
Author : Raymond Hinnebusch
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 0815653026
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (156 download)
Download or read book Syria from Reform to Revolt written by Raymond Hinnebusch and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-02 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Bashar al-Asad smoothly assumed power in July 2000, just seven days after the death of his father, observers were divided on what this would mean for the country’s foreign and domestic politics. On the one hand, it seemed everything would stay the same: an Asad on top of a political system controlled by secret services and Baathist one-party rule. On the other hand, it looked like everything would be different: a young president with exposure to Western education who, in his inaugural speech, emphasized his determination to modernize Syria. This volume explores the ways in which Asad’s domestic and foreign policy strategies during his first decade in power safeguarded his rule and adapted Syria to the age of globalization. The volume’s contributors examine multiple aspects of Asad’s rule in the 2000s, from power consolidation within the party and control of the opposition to economic reform, co-opting new private charities, and coping with Iraqi refugees. The Syrian regime temporarily succeeded in reproducing its power and legitimacy, in reconstructing its social base, and in managing regional and international challenges. At the same time, contributors clearly detail the shortcomings, inconsistencies, and risks these policies entailed, illustrating why Syria’s tenuous stability came to an abrupt end during the Arab Spring of 2011. This volume presents the work of an international group of scholars from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds. Based on extensive fieldwork and on intimate knowledge of a country whose dynamics often seem complicated and obscure to outside observers, these scholars’ insightful snapshots of Bashar al-Asad’s decade of authoritarian upgrading provide an indispensable resource for understanding the current crisis and its disastrous consequences.
Author : Carsten Wieland
Publisher : Cune Press
ISBN 13 : 9781885942166
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Syria, Ballots Or Bullets ? written by Carsten Wieland and published by Cune Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bashar al-Asad, unlike any other Arab leader, publicly announced his opposition to the war in Iraq. This made the Syrian president popular in the streets but brought him into open confrontation with the US. For a time it seemed that the US would invade or subvert the regime or institute a killing regimen of sanctions. The assassination of Lebanese Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri made things worse, with observers, including the UN, pointing the finger at Damascus. Syrian troops were forced to withdraw from Lebanon where they had been stationed for nearly three decades. Today, Bashar is facing the toughest challenge of his career?caught between Syrian hardliners and an increasingly impatient opposition. And what of the 18 million people of Syria? Will this country descend into chaos and violence? Or will it progress toward pluralism and economic progress? Syria - Ballots or Bullets delivers surprising insights into one of the most obscure countries in the world.
Author : Lisa Wedeen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022634553X
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)
Download or read book Ambiguities of Domination written by Lisa Wedeen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-09-09 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treating rhetoric and symbols as central rather than peripheral to politics, Lisa Wedeen’s groundbreaking book offers a compelling counterargument to those who insist that politics is primarily about material interests and the groups advocating for them. During the thirty-year rule of President Hafiz al-Asad’s regime, his image was everywhere. In newspapers, on television, and during orchestrated spectacles. Asad was praised as the “father,” the “gallant knight,” even the country’s “premier pharmacist.” Yet most Syrians, including those who create the official rhetoric, did not believe its claims. Why would a regime spend scarce resources on a personality cult whose content is patently spurious? Wedeen shows how such flagrantly fictitious claims were able to produce a politics of public dissimulation in which citizens acted as if they revered the leader. By inundating daily life with tired symbolism, the regime exercised a subtle, yet effective form of power. The cult worked to enforce obedience, induce complicity, isolate Syrians from one another, and set guidelines for public speech and behavior. Wedeen‘s ethnographic research demonstrates how Syrians recognized the disciplinary aspects of the cult and sought to undermine them. In a new preface, Wedeen discusses the uprising against the Syrian regime that began in 2011 and questions the usefulness of the concept of legitimacy in trying to analyze and understand authoritarian regimes.
Author : Jens Hanssen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191652792
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Middle Eastern and North African History written by Jens Hanssen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Middle-Eastern and North African History critically examines the defining processes and structures of historical developments in North Africa and the Middle East over the past two centuries. The Handbook pays particular attention to countries that have leapt out of the political shadows of dominant and better-studied neighbours in the course of the unfolding uprisings in the Middle East and North Africa. These dramatic and interconnected developments have exposed the dearth of informative analysis available in surveys and textbooks, particularly on Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain and Syria.
Author : Philip Proudfoot
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526158094
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)
Download or read book Rebel populism written by Philip Proudfoot and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-17 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Workers from the Syrian diaspora have maintained a presence in Lebanon for decades, building multimillion-dollar apartment complexes, toiling for backbreaking hours in grocery stores. From the mid-2000s, liberalising reforms saw accelerating levels of poverty among workers, often paid as low as $20 per day. Instead of ‘opportunity’, workers faced the prospect of indefinite economic exile, the unending drudgery of hard labour, and a constant struggle to make ends meet. But in 2011, revolution came to Syria. Rural towns and villages exploded in revolt, but even those workers who remained in Beirut found means to protest at a distance. Their movement, which this book identifies as ‘rebel populism,’ represents an early instance of an increasingly common global contentious political formation, a form of mass politics that emerges not via a charismatic orator or developed ideological convictions, but through the weaving together of grievances aimed at the ruling class.
Author : Tim Niblock
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Political Economy of the Middle East: Economic and political liberalisation written by Tim Niblock and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth in a series on the Middle East, this volume deals with liberalisation. It argues that few countries have been untouched by economic and/or political liberalisation, particularly the Middle East. It looks at Turkey, Egypt and Iraq along with other Middle Eastern states.
Author : Steven Heydemann
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501725610
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Authoritarianism in Syria written by Steven Heydemann and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For almost forty years Syria has been ruled by a populist authoritarian regime under the Ba'th Party, led since 1970 by President Hafiz al-Asad. The durability and resilience of this regime is a striking contrast to the instability and intense social conflict that preceded the Bath's seizure of power, when Syria was seen as among the least stable of Arab states. This dramatic transition raises questions about how the Ba'th succeeded in constructing the institutions needed to consolidate a radically populist and authoritarian system of rule. The Ba'th's accomplishment also poses a significant theoretical challenge to the widely held view that populist strategies of state building are inherently unstable.Drawing on evidence from Syrian, American, and British archives as well as from published French and Arabic sources, Steven Heydemann explains the capacity of the Ba'th to overcome the obstacles that typically undermine the consolidation of radical populist regimes. He links the Ba'th's adoption of a radical populist strategy of state building, and its capacity to implement this strategy, to the dynamics of social conflict, state expansion, and structural change in the political economy of post-independence Syria. Arguing that conventional accounts of Syrian politics neglect the centrality of institutions and institutional change, Heydemann shows how shifts in the pattern of state intervention after 1946 transformed Syria's political arena.
Author : Roger Owen
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674398306
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (983 download)
Download or read book A History of Middle East Economies in the Twentieth Century written by Roger Owen and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text offers an examination of the economic history of the principal Arab countries, Turkey and Israel since 1918. Using the state as its major economic analysis, it charts the growth of national income and issues of welfare and distribution over two periods, 1918-1945 and 1945-1990. Important trends are explored, including the patterns of colonial economic management, import substitution, the impact of the 1970s oil boom, and the current process of liberalization and structural adjustment
Author : Nazih N. Ayubi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857715496
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)
Download or read book Over-stating the Arab State written by Nazih N. Ayubi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 1996-12-31 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author's objective within this book is to place the Arab world within a theoretical and comparative framework that avoids both orientalist and fundamentalist insistence on the utter peculiarity and uniqueness of the region. The book focuses in detail on eight Arab countries.
Author : Barry M. Rubin
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781555879549
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (795 download)
Download or read book Turkey in World Politics written by Barry M. Rubin and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2001 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracing the evolution of Turkey's foreign policy, from isolationism to regional agreements and organizations, this study explores the country's new international posture. Rubin (strategic studies, Bar- Ilan University) and Kirisci (political science, Bogazici University) assess Turkey's policy toward Europe, Russia, Central Asia, and the United States, as well as its growing role in the Middle East. They address the issues central to Turkey's economic, energy, and water policy. They also discuss the interest groups and institutions affecting the policymaking process and the challenges facing the country's rapidly urbanizing and industrializing economy.
Author : Aysegul Kibaroglu
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004480102
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Building a Regime for the Waters of the Euphrates-Tigris River Basin written by Aysegul Kibaroglu and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to a variety of reasons, water resources on the globe are becoming scarcer. The degree of water scarcity and its political, economic and social implications are felt more severely in regions like the Middle East. The Euphrates-Tigris river basin is one of the major sources of water, but also a source of tension in the region. Unless cooperation is achieved among the riparian countries, namely Turkey, Syria and Iraq, in the areas of management, allocation and utilisation of the waters of the Euphrates-Tigris basin, growing scarcity may result not only in conflict, but also in further devastation of an extremely vital source. Recently, water has become a subject matter of international law, and formal and informal deliberations in international conferences have produced general principles and norms for using and managing water resources effectively. Hence, this book is an attempt to put together a meaningful set of principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures of a region-specific regime framework for effective utilisation of the waters of the Euphrates-Tigris river basin with a view to promoting cooperation among the riparian countries.
Author : Line Khatib
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136661778
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)
Download or read book Islamic Revivalism in Syria written by Line Khatib and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary studies on Syria assume that the country’s Ba’thist regime has been effective in subduing its Islamic opposition, placing Syria at odds with the Middle East’s larger trends of rising Islamic activism and the eclipse of secular ideologies as the primary source of political activism. Yet this assumption founders when confronted with the clear resurgence in Islamic militantism in the country since 2004. This book examines Syria’s current political reality as regards its Islamic movement, describing the country’s present day Islamic groups – particularly their social profile and ideology – and offering an explanation of their resurgence. The analysis focuses on: Who are today’s Syrian Islamic groups? Why and how are they re-emerging after 22 years of relative silence as an important socio-economic and political force? How is the Syrian state dealing with their re-emergence in light of Syria’s secularism and ideologically diverse society? Bridging area studies, Islamic studies, and political science, this book will be an important reference for those working within the fields of Comparative Politics, Political Economy, and Middle Eastern Studies.
