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Patterns Of Fin Whale Balaenoptera Physalus Seasonality And Relative Distribution In Canadian Pacific Waters Inferred From Passive Acoustic Monitoring
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Book Synopsis Patterns of Fin Whale (Balaenoptera Physalus) Seasonality and Relative Distribution in Canadian Pacific Waters Inferred from Passive Acoustic Monitoring by : James F Pilkington
Download or read book Patterns of Fin Whale (Balaenoptera Physalus) Seasonality and Relative Distribution in Canadian Pacific Waters Inferred from Passive Acoustic Monitoring written by James F Pilkington and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Distribution, Movements and Habitat Fidelity Patterns of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in Canadian Pacific Waters by : Linda Marie Nichol
Download or read book Distribution, Movements and Habitat Fidelity Patterns of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in Canadian Pacific Waters written by Linda Marie Nichol and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill by : Volker Siegel
Download or read book Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill written by Volker Siegel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a unique insight into the current knowledge of krill population dynamics including distribution, biomass, production, recruitment, growth and mortality rates. Detailed analysis is provided on food and feeding, reproduction and krill behaviour. The volume provides an overview on the aspects of natural challenges to the species, which involve predation, parasites and the commercial exploitation of the resource and its management. A chapter on genetics shows the results of population subdivision and summarizes recent work on sequencing transcriptomes for studying gene function as part of the physiology of live krill. The focus of Chapter 4 is on physiological functions such as biochemical composition, metabolic activity and growth change with ontogeny and season; and will demonstrate which environmental factors are the main drivers for variability. Further discussed in this chapter are the bottle necks which occur in the annual life cycle of krill, and the mechanisms krill have adapted to cope with severe environmental condition.
Book Synopsis The Fin Whale (Balaenoptera Physalus L.) by :
Download or read book The Fin Whale (Balaenoptera Physalus L.) written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Listing of 1211 citations arranged alphabetically by author and indexed by subject.
Book Synopsis Winter Behaviour and Population Structure of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in British Columbia Inferred from Passive Acoustic Data by : Barbara Koot
Download or read book Winter Behaviour and Population Structure of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in British Columbia Inferred from Passive Acoustic Data written by Barbara Koot and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Information in Support of the Identification of Habitat of Special Importance to Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in Canadian Pacific Waters by : Linda Marie Nichol
Download or read book Information in Support of the Identification of Habitat of Special Importance to Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in Canadian Pacific Waters written by Linda Marie Nichol and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Historical Whaling Records by : Michael F. Tillman
Download or read book Historical Whaling Records written by Michael F. Tillman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes papers on methods of data collection and assessment, interpretation of historic logbooks and journals, historic whaling data for the western Arctic bowhead whale population, etc.
Book Synopsis Identification of Habitat of Special Importance to Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in Canadian Pacific Waters by :
Download or read book Identification of Habitat of Special Importance to Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) in Canadian Pacific Waters written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Patterns of Seasonal Occurrence of Sympatric Killer Whale Lineages in Waters Off Southern Vancouver Island and Washington State, as Determined by Passive Acoustic Monitoring by : Amalis Riera
Download or read book Patterns of Seasonal Occurrence of Sympatric Killer Whale Lineages in Waters Off Southern Vancouver Island and Washington State, as Determined by Passive Acoustic Monitoring written by Amalis Riera and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Killer whales inhabiting coastal waters of the northeastern Pacific are listed under the Canadian Species at Risk Act, which requires the identification of critical habitats for the recovery of their populations. Little is known about their distribution during the winter and what areas are important for their survival during these months. Passive acoustic monitoring is a valuable complementary method to traditional visual and photographic surveys although it has seldom been used to study killer whales and there are limitations in practice. There is a need to develop tools and protocols to maximize the efficiency of such studies. In this thesis, long-term acoustic data collected with autonomous recorders were analyzed 1) to assess the performance of two types of analysis (Manual and Long Term Spectral Averages) for detecting and identifying killer whale calls and to compare the effects of using two different duty cycles (1/3 and 2/3); and 2) to investigate the seasonal occurrence of different killer whale populations at two sites off the west coasts of Vancouver Island and Washington: Swiftsure Bank and Cape Elizabeth. Both the use of Long Term Spectral Averages and a lower duty cycle resulted in a decrease in call detection and resolution of call identification, leading to underestimations of the amount of time the whales spent at the site. A compromise between a lower resolution data processing method and a higher duty cycle (and vice-versa) is therefore suggested for future passive acoustic monitoring studies of killer whales. Killer whale calls were detected on 186 days at Swiftsure Bank and on 39 days at Cape Elizabeth. The seasonal occurrence of killer whales at Swiftsure Bank highlights its importance as a killer whale hotspot, with year-round presence of Southern Residents and British Columbia Transients, Northern Residents in spring and fall, and California Transients on rare occasions. These results support the expansion of Southern Resident's critical habitat to include Swiftsure Bank. Temporal habitat partitioning between Resident populations was observed at Cape Elizabeth, with Southern Residents detected from January through June and Northern Residents from July to September. These results show that Northern Residents use the southern parts of their range more frequently than previously thought. Both Transient populations were frequently detected throughout the year, suggesting habitat overlapping.
Book Synopsis Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Cetaceans by : Walter M. X. Zimmer
Download or read book Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Cetaceans written by Walter M. X. Zimmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-21 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive acoustic monitoring is increasingly used by the scientific community to study, survey and census marine mammals, especially cetaceans, many of which are easier to hear than to see. PAM is also used to support efforts to mitigate potential negative effects of human activities such as ship traffic, military and civilian sonar and offshore exploration. Walter Zimmer provides an integrated approach to PAM, combining physical principles, discussion of technical tools and application-oriented concepts of operations. Additionally, relevant information and tools necessary to assess existing and future PAM systems are presented, with Matlab code used to generate figures and results so readers can reproduce data and modify code to analyse the impact of changes. This allows the principles to be studied whilst discovering potential difficulties and side effects. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, the book provides all information and tools necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of this interdisciplinary subject.
Book Synopsis Characteristics of Fin Whale Vocalizations Recorded on Instruments in the Northeast Pacific Ocean by : Maria Michelle Josephine Weirathmueller
Download or read book Characteristics of Fin Whale Vocalizations Recorded on Instruments in the Northeast Pacific Ocean written by Maria Michelle Josephine Weirathmueller and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on fin whale vocalizations recorded on ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, using data collected between 2003 and 2013. OBSs are a valuable, and largely untapped resource for the passive acoustic monitoring of large baleen whales. This dissertation is divided into three parts, each of which uses the recordings of fin whale vocalizations to better understand their calling behaviors and distributions. The first study describes the development of a technique to extract source levels of fin whale vocalizations from OBS recordings. Source levels were estimated using data collected on a network of eight OBSs in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. The acoustic pressure levels measured at the instruments were adjusted for the propagation path between the calling whales and the instruments using the call location and estimating losses along the acoustic travel path. A total of 1241 calls were used to estimate an average source level of 189 +/-5.8 dB re 1uPa @ 1m. This variability is largely attributed to uncertainties in the horizontal and vertical position of the fin whale at the time of each call, and the effect of these uncertainties on subsequent calculations. The second study describes a semi-automated method for obtaining horizontal ranges to vocalizing fin whales using the timing and relative amplitude of multipath arrivals. A matched filter is used to detect fin whale calls and pick the relative times and amplitudes of multipath arrivals. Ray-based propagation models are used to predict multipath times and amplitudes as function of range. Because the direct and first multiple arrivals are not always observed, three hypotheses for the paths of the observed arrivals are considered; the solution is the hypothesis and range that optimizes the fit to the data. Ray-theoretical amplitudes are not accurate and solutions are improved by determining amplitudes from the observations using a bootstrap method. Data from ocean bottom seismometers at two locations are used to assess the method: one on the Juan de Fuca Ridge, a bathymetrically complex mid-ocean ridge environment, and the other at a flat sedimented location in the Cascadia Basin. At both sites, the method is reliable up to ~4 km range which is sufficient to enable estimates of call density. The third study explores spatial and temporal trends in fin whale calling patterns. The frequency and inter-pulse interval of fin whale 20 Hz vocalizations were observed over 10 years from 2003-2013 on bottom mounted hydrophones and OBSs in the northeast Pacific Ocean. The instrument locations extended from 40°N and 130°W to 125°W with water depths ranging from 1500-4000 m. The inter-pulse interval (IPI) of fin whale song sequences was observed to increase at a rate of 0.59 seconds/year over the decade of observation. During the same time period, peak frequency decreased at a rate of 0.16 Hz/year. Two primary call patterns were observed. During the earlier years, the more commonly observed pattern had a single frequency and single IPI. In later years, a doublet pattern emerged, with two dominant frequencies and two IPIs. Many call sequences in the intervening years appeared to represent a transitional state between the two patterns. The overall trend was consistent across the entire geographical span, although some regional differences exist.
Book Synopsis Summer Distribution and Habitat Characteristics of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) and Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Off Northeast Kodiak Island, Alaska by : Lisa Susan Baraff
Download or read book Summer Distribution and Habitat Characteristics of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus) and Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Off Northeast Kodiak Island, Alaska written by Lisa Susan Baraff and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Summer distributions of fin (Balaenoptera physalus) and humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) whales were examined relative to bathymetry, oceanography, and zooplankton composition and density in Marmot and Chiniak Bays (Kodiak Island, AK) during 2002 and 2003. Habitat use and habitat partitioning were assessed using Monte Carlo and randomization tests, logistic regression analyses, and kernel density probability contours of high-use areas. Fin whales associated with deeper, cooler waters near areas of maximum slope and consistently used Marmot Bay. Fin whale spatial-temporal distribution likely coincided with Neocalanus copepod concentrations during early summer and adult euphausiids later in summer. Fin whale associations with Pseudocalanus copepods may relate more to that copepods' prevalence than to relevance as prey. Humpback whale site fidelity and association with shallow waters was evident in 2002, but not in 2003. Variability in humpback whale distribution was likely related to their exploitation of forage fish aggregations and threshold foraging needs. High densities of adult euphausiids may promote spatial overlap and shared resource use by fin and humpback whales. This mesoscale snapshot of a dynamic nearshore marine environment and the whales foraging there is an integral step toward identifying and characterizing important habitats for endangered fin and humpback whales"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Habitat Use of Calling Baleen Whales in the Southern California Current Ecosystem by : Elizabeth Tram Anh Vu
Download or read book Habitat Use of Calling Baleen Whales in the Southern California Current Ecosystem written by Elizabeth Tram Anh Vu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent to which temporal, spatial, environmental, and physiological factors influence baleen whale acoustic occurrence was investigated in the southern California Current Ecosystem, a highly productive, upwelling-driven ecosystem that hosts a large abundance of top predators. By combining data sets from ten years of passive acoustic monitoring and concurrent environmental sampling, this dissertation presents detailed intra-annual and mesoscale spatial patterns previously unknown. Analyses of temporal acoustic patterns revealed different acoustic occupancy by three species: blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus), humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), and fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus). The temporal separation between blue whale feeding and breeding call types showed a shift between behavioral states throughout the year. The temporal separation between blue and humpback whale reproductive calls showed different displays of reproductive calling behavior despite their overlapping migratory and seasonal reproductive cycles. Spatial patterns revealed different onshore and offshore occupancy, dependent on season, for each species. The reconciliation between acoustic and visual seasonal abundance demonstrated an increase in individual-level acoustic reproductive display during or approaching the mating season of each species. Analyses of habitat factors on call types from each species identified association of seasonality, bathymetry, sea surface temperature, and mixed layer depth with calling behavior. Generalized additive mixed models of acoustic calling revealed significant responses to seasonality and bathymetry at three different spatial scales, indicating the importance of these factors in explaining baleen whale distribution at broad scales. Lastly, a possible physiological driver of acoustic behavior was investigated by quantifying seasonal hormone concentrations in humpback whale blubber. The results of this research advance scientific understanding of yearlong acoustic cetacean occurrence in a productive oceanographic habitat and provide additional insight into the reproduction and migration of these species.
Download or read book The fin whale written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Stocks of Whales by : Neil Alison Mackintosh
Download or read book The Stocks of Whales written by Neil Alison Mackintosh and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fin Whale Distribution in the Indian and Equatorial Pacific Oceans in Support of Passive Acoustic Density Estimation by : Julia Vernon
Download or read book Fin Whale Distribution in the Indian and Equatorial Pacific Oceans in Support of Passive Acoustic Density Estimation written by Julia Vernon and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of passive acoustic monitoring in population density estimation of marine mammals is a developing capability, providing an efficient and cost-effective alternative to visual surveys. However, this method of density estimation introduces new challenges. Passive acoustic density estimation incorporates several variables, including the number of animal vocalizations detected over a period of time, the probability of detecting vocalizations in a given area, and the vocalization rate of the species of interest. Automatic detectors are needed to quickly and effectively detect vocalizing animals in a large data set. Such detectors need to be assessed for effectiveness, accounting for inefficiencies and quantifying the probability of detecting a vocalization by the species of interest. Another challenge that arises is uncertainty in the geographic distribution of individuals. Estimating distribution through consideration of the horizontal azimuths of vocalizing animals reduces bias introduced by the assumption that on average, animals are uniformly distributed around the sensors.Low-frequency ambient noise data (
Book Synopsis Marine Mammals and Noise by : W. John Richardson
Download or read book Marine Mammals and Noise written by W. John Richardson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many marine mammals communicate by emitting sounds that pass through water. Such sounds can be received across great distances and can influence the behavior of these undersea creatures. In the past few decades, the oceans have become increasingly noisy, as underwater sounds from propellers, sonars, and other human activities make it difficult for marine mammals to communicate. This book discusses, among many other topics, just how well marine mammals hear, how noisy the oceans have become, and what effects these new sounds have on marine mammals. The baseline of ambient noise, the sounds produced by machines and mammals, the sensitivity of marine mammal hearing, and the reactions of marine mammals are also examined. An essential addition to any marine biologist's library, Marine Mammals and Noise will be especially appealing to marine mammalogists, researchers, policy makers and regulators, and marine biologists and oceanographers using sound in their research.
