Paramilitarism In The Balkans

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Paramilitarism in the Balkans

Author : Dmitar Tasić
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191899224
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (918 download)

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Book Synopsis Paramilitarism in the Balkans by : Dmitar Tasić

Download or read book Paramilitarism in the Balkans written by Dmitar Tasić and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paramilitarism in the Balkans analyses the origins and manifestations of paramilitary violence in three neighbouring Balkan countries - Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Albania - after the First World War. It shows the role of paramilitarism in internal and external policies in all three states, focusing on the main actors and perpetrators of paramilitary violence, their social backgrounds, motivations, and future career trajectories. Dmitar Tasić places the region into the broader European context of booming paramilitarism that came as the result of the first global conflict, dissolution of old empires, the creation of nation-states, and simultaneous revolutions. While paramilitarism in most post-Great War European states was the product of violence of the First World War and brutalization which societies of both victorious and defeated countries went through, paramilitarism in the Balkans was closely connected with the already existing traditions originating from the period of armed struggle against Ottoman rule, and state and nation building projects of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Paramilitary traditions were so strong that in all subsequent crises and military conflicts in the Balkans the legacy of paramilitarism remained alive and present.

Serbian Paramilitaries and the Breakup of Yugoslavia

Author : Iva Vukušić
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 100070971X
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Serbian Paramilitaries and the Breakup of Yugoslavia by : Iva Vukušić

Download or read book Serbian Paramilitaries and the Breakup of Yugoslavia written by Iva Vukušić and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to offer a comprehensive analysis of the emergence, nature, and function of Serbian paramilitary units during the violent breakup of Yugoslavia. The book investigates the nature and functions of paramilitary units throughout the 1990s, and their ties to the state and President Slobodan Milošević. The work relies on the archives of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague, which conducted dozens of trials relating to paramilitary violence, and records from judicial proceedings in the region. It discusses how and why certain important paramilitary units emerged, how they functioned and transformed through the decade, what their relationships and entanglements were with the state, the Milošević regime, and organized crime. The study thus investigates the interrelated ideological, political, and social factors and processes, fueling paramilitary engagement, and assesses the impact of this engagement on victims of paramilitary violence and on the state and society for which the units purportedly fought. It argues that coordinated action by a number of state institutions gave rise to paramilitaries tasked with altering borders while maintaining plausible deniability for the sponsoring regime. The outsourcing of violence by the state to paramilitaries led to a significant weakening of the very state these units and their sponsors swore to protect. The book also analyzes differences between the units and how they attacked civilians, arguing that the different forms of violence stemmed not only from the function they fulfilled for the state but also the ways in which they were set up and operated. The final chapter brings the different strands of the argument together into a coherent whole, suggesting avenues for further research, in the former Yugoslavia and beyond. This book will be of much interest to students of ethnic conflict and civil war, war crimes, Balkan politics, and International Relations in general.

Paramilitarism in the Balkans

Author : Dmitar Tasić
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191899216
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (918 download)

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Book Synopsis Paramilitarism in the Balkans by : Dmitar Tasić

War in Peace

Author : Robert Gerwarth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 019968605X
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis War in Peace by : Robert Gerwarth

Download or read book War in Peace written by Robert Gerwarth and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-03 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First World War did not end in November 1918. In Russia and Eastern Europe it finished up to a year earlier, and both there and elsewhere in Europe it triggered conflicts that lasted down to 1923. Paramilitary formations were prominent in this continuation of the war. They had some features of formal military organizations, but were used in opposition to the regular military as an instrument of revolution or as an adjunct or substitute for military forces when these were unable by themselves to put down a revolution (whether class or national). Paramilitary violence thus arose in different contexts. It was an important aspect of the violence unleashed by class revolution in Russia. It structured the counter-revolution in central and Eastern Europe, including Finland and Italy, which reacted against a mythic version of Bolshevik class violence in the name of order and authority. It also shaped the struggles over borders and ethnicity in the new states that replaced the multi-national empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey. It was prominent on all sides in the wars for Irish independence. In many cases, paramilitary violence was charged with political significance and acquired a long-lasting symbolism and influence. War in Peace explores the differences and similarities between these various kinds of paramilitary violence within one volume for the first time. It thereby contributes to our understanding of the difficult transitions from war to peace. It also helps to re-situate the Great War in a longer-term context and to explain its enduring impact.

Paramilitarism

Author : Uğur Ümit Üngör
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198825242
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Paramilitarism by : Uğur Ümit Üngör

Download or read book Paramilitarism written by Uğur Ümit Üngör and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the deserts of Sudan to the jungles of Colombia, from the streets of Belfast to the mountains of Kurdistan, paramilitaries have appeared in violent conflicts. Ungor presents a comparative and global overview of paramilitarism, showing how states use it to successfully outsource mass political violence against civilians.

Paramilitarism

Author : Uğur Ümit Üngör
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192558986
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Paramilitarism by : Uğur Ümit Üngör

Download or read book Paramilitarism written by Uğur Ümit Üngör and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the deserts of Sudan to the jungles of Colombia, and from the streets of Belfast to the mountains of Kurdistan, paramilitaries have appeared in violent conflicts in very different settings. Paramilitaries are generally depicted as irregular armed organizations that carry out acts of violence against civilians on behalf of a state. In doing so, they undermine the state's monopoly of legitimate violence, while at the same time creating a breeding ground for criminal activities. Why do governments with functioning police forces and armies use paramilitary groups? This study tackles this question through the prism of the interpenetration of paramilitaries and the state. The author interprets paramilitarism as the ability of the state to successfully outsource mass political violence against civilians that transforms and traumatizes societies. It analyses how paramilitarism can be understood in global context, and how paramilitarism is connected to transformations of warfare and state-society relations. By comparing a broad range of cases, it looks at how paramilitarism has made a profound impact in a large number of countries that were different, but nevertheless shared a history of pro-government militia activity. A thorough understanding of paramilitarism can clarify the direction and intensity of violence in wartime and peacetime. The volume examines the issues of international involvement, institutional support, organized crime, party politics, and personal ties.

War in Peace

Author : Robert Gerwarth
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199654913
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis War in Peace by : Robert Gerwarth

Download or read book War in Peace written by Robert Gerwarth and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains why, in many parts of Europe, the end of the Great War brought not peace but continued conflict. Contributes to an understanding of the difficult transition from war to peace and shows how paramilitary violence helped legitimize both fascism and communism, and also many of the new nation-states that emerged from the Great War.

Migration in the Southern Balkans

Author : Hans Vermeulen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319137190
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Migration in the Southern Balkans by : Hans Vermeulen

Download or read book Migration in the Southern Balkans written by Hans Vermeulen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book collects ten essays that look at intra-regional migration in the Southern Balkans from the late Ottoman period to the present. It examines forced as well as voluntary migrations and places these movements within their historical context, including ethnic cleansing, population exchanges, and demographic engineering in the service of nation-building as well as more recent labor migration due to globalization. Inside, readers will find the work of international experts that cuts across national and disciplinary lines. This cross-cultural, comparative approach fully captures the complexity of this highly fractured, yet interconnected, region. Coverage explores the role of population exchanges in the process of nation-building and irredentist policies in interwar Bulgaria, the story of Thracian refugees and their organizations in Bulgaria, the changing waves of migration from the Balkans to Turkey, Albanian immigrants in Greece, and the diminished importance of ethnic migration after the 1990s. In addition, the collection looks at such under-researched aspects of migration as memory, gender, and religion. The field of migration studies in the Southern Balkans is still fragmented along national and disciplinary lines. Moreover, the study of forced and voluntary migrations is often separate with few interconnections. The essays collected in this book bring these different traditions together. This complete portrait will help readers gain deep insight and better understanding into the diverse migration flows and intercultural exchanges that have occurred in the Southern Balkans in the last two centuries.

Ethnic Minorities and Politics in Post-Socialist Southeastern Europe

Author : Sabrina P. Ramet
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107159121
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Minorities and Politics in Post-Socialist Southeastern Europe by : Sabrina P. Ramet

Download or read book Ethnic Minorities and Politics in Post-Socialist Southeastern Europe written by Sabrina P. Ramet and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-22 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southeast European politics cannot be understood without considering ethnic minorities. This book is a comprehensive introduction to ethnic political parties.

War, Revolution, and Nation-making in Lithuania, 1914-1923

Author : Tomas Balkelis
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199668027
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis War, Revolution, and Nation-making in Lithuania, 1914-1923 by : Tomas Balkelis

Download or read book War, Revolution, and Nation-making in Lithuania, 1914-1923 written by Tomas Balkelis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Tomas Balkelis explores how the Lithuanian state was created and shaped by the Great War from its onset in 1914 to the last waves of violence in 1923. As the very notion of independent Lithuania was constructed during the war, violence is seen as an essential part of the formation of Lithuanian state, nation, and identity. War was much more than simply the historical context in which the tectonic shift from empire to nation-state took place. It transformed people, policies, institutions, and modes of thought in ways that would continue to shape the nation for decades after the conflict subsided. In telling the story of the post-WWI conflict in Lithuania, War, Revolution, and Nation-Making in Lithuania, 1914-1923 focuses on the soldiers and civilians involved in the conflict, rather than the strategies and acts of politicians, generals, or diplomats. The volume's two main themes are the impact of military, social, and cultural mobilizations on the local population, and different types of violence that were so characteristic of the region throughout the period. The actors in this story are people displaced by war and mobilized for war: refugees, veterans, volunteers, peasant conscripts, POWs, paramilitary fighters, and others who took to guns, not diplomacy, to assert their power. This is the story of how their lives were changed by war and how they shaped the society that emerged after war.

Paramilitarism and the Assault on Democracy in Haiti

Author : Jeb Sprague
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1583673032
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (836 download)

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Book Synopsis Paramilitarism and the Assault on Democracy in Haiti by : Jeb Sprague

Download or read book Paramilitarism and the Assault on Democracy in Haiti written by Jeb Sprague and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this path-breaking book, Jeb Sprague investigates the dangerous world of right-wing paramilitarism in Haiti and its role in undermining the democratic aspirations of the Haitian people. Sprague focuses on the period beginning in 1990 with the rise of Haiti’s first democratically elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and the right-wing movements that succeeded in driving him from power. Over the ensuing two decades, paramilitary violence was largely directed against the poor and supporters of Aristide’s Lavalas movement, taking the lives of thousands of Haitians. Sprague seeks to understand how this occurred, and traces connections between paramilitaries and their elite financial and political backers, in Haiti but also in the United States and the Dominican Republic. The product of years of original research, this book draws on over fifty interviews—some of which placed the author in severe danger—and more than 11,000 documents secured through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests. It makes a substantial contribution to our understanding of Haiti today, and is a vivid reminder of how democratic struggles in poor countries are often met with extreme violence organized at the behest of capital.

Yearnings in the Meantime

Author : Stef Jansen
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 1782386513
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (823 download)

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Book Synopsis Yearnings in the Meantime by : Stef Jansen

Download or read book Yearnings in the Meantime written by Stef Jansen and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shortly after the book’s protagonists moved into their apartment complex in Sarajevo, they, like many others, were overcome by the 1992-1995 war and the disintegration of socialist Yugoslavia More than a decade later, in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina, they felt they were collectively stuck in a time warp where nothing seemed to be as it should be. Starting from everyday concerns, this book paints a compassionate yet critical portrait of people’s sense that they were in limbo, trapped in a seemingly endless “Meantime.” Ethnographically investigating yearnings for “normal lives” in the European semi-periphery, it proposes fresh analytical tools to explore how the time and place in which we are caught shape our hopes and fears.

The Dark Side of Democracy

Author : Michael Mann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521538541
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (385 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dark Side of Democracy by : Michael Mann

Download or read book The Dark Side of Democracy written by Michael Mann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Counterterrorism Between the Wars

Author : Mary S. Barton
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198864043
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Counterterrorism Between the Wars by : Mary S. Barton

Download or read book Counterterrorism Between the Wars written by Mary S. Barton and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mary S. Barton explores the global war on terror that Great Britain, the United States, and France waged during the interwar years between World War I and World War II.

Confiscation and Destruction

Author : Ugur Ungor
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1441135782
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Confiscation and Destruction by : Ugur Ungor

Download or read book Confiscation and Destruction written by Ugur Ungor and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Violence as a Generative Force

Author : Max Bergholz
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501706438
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Violence as a Generative Force by : Max Bergholz

Download or read book Violence as a Generative Force written by Max Bergholz and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During two terrifying days and nights in early September 1941, the lives of nearly two thousand men, women, and children were taken savagely by their neighbors in Kulen Vakuf, a small rural community straddling today’s border between northwest Bosnia and Croatia. This frenzy—in which victims were butchered with farm tools, drowned in rivers, and thrown into deep vertical caves—was the culmination of a chain of local massacres that began earlier in the summer. In Violence as a Generative Force, Max Bergholz tells the story of the sudden and perplexing descent of this once peaceful multiethnic community into extreme violence. This deeply researched microhistory provides provocative insights to questions of global significance: What causes intercommunal violence? How does such violence between neighbors affect their identities and relations? Contrary to a widely held view that sees nationalism leading to violence, Bergholz reveals how the upheavals wrought by local killing actually created dramatically new perceptions of ethnicity—of oneself, supposed "brothers," and those perceived as "others." As a consequence, the violence forged new communities, new forms and configurations of power, and new practices of nationalism. The history of this community was marked by an unexpected explosion of locally executed violence by the few, which functioned as a generative force in transforming the identities, relations, and lives of the many. The story of this largely unknown Balkan community in 1941 provides a powerful means through which to rethink fundamental assumptions about the interrelationships among ethnicity, nationalism, and violence, both during World War II and more broadly throughout the world.

Asia and the Great War

Author : Guoqi Xu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199658196
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Asia and the Great War by : Guoqi Xu

Download or read book Asia and the Great War written by Guoqi Xu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no single volume that shines a light on Asia's collective involvement in the First World War, and the impact that war had on its societies. Moreover, no volume in any language explores the experiences Asian countries shared as they became embroiled, with divergent results, in the war and its repercussions. Asia and the Great War moves beyond the national or even international level by presenting a 'shared' history from non-national and transnational perspectives. Asian involvements make the Great War not only a true 'world' war but also a 'great' war. The war generated forces that would transform Asia both internally and externally. Asian involvement in the First World War is a unique chapter in both Asian and world history, with Asian participation transforming the meaning and implications of the broader conflict. Asia and the Great War also takes steps to recover memories of the war and re-evaluate the war in its Asian contexts. Asia's part in the war and the part the war played in the collective development of Asia represent the first steps of the long journey to full national independence and international recognition. This volume aims to bring the Great War more fully into Asian history and the people of Asia into the international history of the war, in the hope that the shared history could lay the groundwork for a shared future.