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Parameterization Of Clouds And Radiation In Climate Models
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Book Synopsis Parameterization of Clouds and Radiation in Climate Models by :
Download or read book Parameterization of Clouds and Radiation in Climate Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clouds are a very important, yet poorly modeled element in the climate system. There are many potential cloud feedbacks, including those related to cloud cover, height, water content, phase change, and droplet concentration and size distribution. As a prerequisite to studying the cloud feedback issue, this research reports on the simulation and validation of cloud radiative forcing under present climate conditions using the ECHAM general circulation model and ERBE top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes.
Book Synopsis Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models by :
Download or read book Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains papers from the International Workshop on Cloud-Radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models met on 18--20 October 1993 in Camp Springs, Maryland, USA. It was organized by the Joint Working Group on Clouds and Radiation of the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences. Recommendations were grouped into three broad areas: (1) general circulation models (GCMs), (2) satellite studies, and (3) process studies. Each of the panels developed recommendations on the. themes of the workshop. Explicitly or implicitly, each panel independently recommended observations of basic cloud microphysical properties (water content, phase, size) on the scales resolved by GCMs. Such observations are necessary to validate cloud parameterizations in GCMs, to use satellite data to infer radiative forcing in the atmosphere and at the earths̀ surface, and to refine the process models which are used to develop advanced cloud parameterizations.
Book Synopsis Radiation and Cloud Processes in the Atmosphere by : Kuo-Nan Liou
Download or read book Radiation and Cloud Processes in the Atmosphere written by Kuo-Nan Liou and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1992 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an up-to-date treatment of atmospheric science and the key roles of solar radiation and cloud layers.
Author :27 September - 4 October 1978) Report of the JOC Study Conference on Parameterization of Extended Cloudiness and Radiation for Climate Models (Oxford Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :176 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Report of the JOC Study Conference on Parameterization of Extended Cloudiness and Radiation for Climate Models (Oxford, 27 September - 4 October 1978). by : 27 September - 4 October 1978) Report of the JOC Study Conference on Parameterization of Extended Cloudiness and Radiation for Climate Models (Oxford
Download or read book Report of the JOC Study Conference on Parameterization of Extended Cloudiness and Radiation for Climate Models (Oxford, 27 September - 4 October 1978). written by 27 September - 4 October 1978) Report of the JOC Study Conference on Parameterization of Extended Cloudiness and Radiation for Climate Models (Oxford and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models by :
Download or read book Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models by : David A. Randall
Download or read book Current Trends in the Representation of Physical Processes in Weather and Climate Models written by David A. Randall and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the development of physical parameterization over the last 2 to 3 decades and provides a roadmap for its future development. It covers important physical processes: convection, clouds, radiation, land-surface, and the orographic effect. The improvement of numerical models for predicting weather and climate at a variety of places and times has progressed globally. However, there are still several challenging areas, which need to be addressed with a better understanding of physical processes based on observations, and to subsequently be taken into account by means of improved parameterization. And this is all the more important since models are increasingly being used at higher horizontal and vertical resolutions. Encouraging debate on the cloud-resolving approach or the hybrid approach with parameterized convection and grid-scale cloud microphysics and its impact on models’ intrinsic predictability, the book offers a motivating reference guide for all researchers whose work involves physical parameterization problems and numerical models.
Book Synopsis Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models by :
Download or read book Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cloud-radiation interactions and their parameterization in climate models by :
Download or read book Cloud-radiation interactions and their parameterization in climate models written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Climate & Radiation Branch by : Goddard Space Flight Center. Climate and Radiation Branch
Download or read book Climate & Radiation Branch written by Goddard Space Flight Center. Climate and Radiation Branch and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models by : International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Download or read book Cloud-radiation Interactions and Their Parameterization in Climate Models written by International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 3D Radiative Transfer in Cloudy Atmospheres by : Alexander Marshak
Download or read book 3D Radiative Transfer in Cloudy Atmospheres written by Alexander Marshak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-27 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in three-dimensional cloud radiation over the past few decades are assessed and distilled into this contributed volume. Chapters are authored by subject-matter experts who address a broad audience of graduate students, researchers, and anyone interested in cloud-radiation processes in the solar and infrared spectral regions. After two introductory chapters and a section on the fundamental physics and computational techniques, the volume extensively treats two main application areas: the impact of clouds on the Earth's radiation budget, which is an essential aspect of climate modeling; and remote observation of clouds, especially with the advanced sensors on current and future satellite missions.
Download or read book Clouds in Climate written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Parameterization for Three-Dimensional Inhomogeneous Cirrus Clouds Applied to ARM Data and Climate Models by : Kuo-Nan Liou
Download or read book Radiation Parameterization for Three-Dimensional Inhomogeneous Cirrus Clouds Applied to ARM Data and Climate Models written by Kuo-Nan Liou and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OAK-B135 (a) We developed a 3D radiative transfer model to simulate the transfer of solar and thermal infrared radiation in inhomogeneous cirrus clouds. The model utilized a diffusion approximation approach (four-term expansion in the intensity) employing Cartesian coordinates. The required single-scattering parameters, including the extinction coefficient, single-scattering albedo, and asymmetry factor, for input to the model, were parameterized in terms of the ice water content and mean effective ice crystal size. The incorporation of gaseous absorption in multiple scattering atmospheres was accomplished by means of the correlated k-distribution approach. In addition, the strong forward diffraction nature in the phase function was accounted for in each predivided spatial grid based on a delta-function adjustment. The radiation parameterization developed herein is applied to potential cloud configurations generated from GCMs to investigate broken clouds and cloud-overlapping effects on the domain-averaged heating rate. Cloud inhomogeneity plays an important role in the determination of flux and heating rate distributions. Clouds with maximum overlap tend to produce less heating than those with random overlap. Broken clouds show more solar heating as well as more IR cooling as compared to a continuous cloud field (Gu and Liou, 2001). (b) We incorporated a contemporary radiation parameterization scheme in the UCLA atmospheric GCM in collaboration with the UCLA GCM group. In conjunction with the cloud/radiation process studies, we developed a physically-based cloud cover formation scheme in association with radiation calculations. The model clouds were first vertically grouped in terms of low, middle, and high types. Maximum overlap was then used for each cloud type, followed by random overlap among the three cloud types. Fu and Liou's 1D radiation code with modification was subsequently employed for pixel-by-pixel radiation calculations in the UCLA GCM. We showed that the simulated cloud cover and OLR fields without special tuning are comparable to those of ISCCP dataset and the results derived from radiation budget experiments. Use of the new radiation and cloud schemes enhances the radiative warming in the middle to upper tropical troposphere and alleviates the cold bias in the UCLA atmospheric GCM. We also illustrated that ice crystal size and cloud inhomogeneous are significant factors affecting the radiation budgets at the top of the atmosphere and the surface (Gu et al. 2003). (c) An innovative approach has been developed to construct a 3D field of inhomogeneous clouds in general and cirrus in particular in terms of liquid/ice water content and particle size on the basis of a unification of satellite and ground-based cloud radar data. Satellite remote sensing employing the current narrow-band spectro-radiometers has limitation and only the vertically integrated cloud parameters (optical depth and mean particle size) can be determined. However, by combining the horizontal cloud mapping inferred from satellites with the vertical structure derived from the profiling Doppler cloud radar, a 3D cloud field can be constructed. This represents a new conceptual approach to 3D remote sensing and imaging and offers a new perspective in observing the cloud structure. We applied this novel technique to AVHRR/NOAA satellite and mm-wave cloud radar data obtained from the ARM achieve and assessed the 3D cirrus cloud field with the ice crystal size distributions independently derived from optical probe measurements aboard the University of North Dakota Citation. The retrieved 3D ice water content and mean effective ice crystal size involving an impressive cirrus cloud occurring on April 18, 1997, are shown to be comparable to those derived from the analysis of collocated and coincident in situ aircraft measurements (Liou et al. 2002). (d) Detection of thin cirrus with optical depths less than 0.5, particularly those occurring i n the tropics remains a fundamental problem in remote sensing. We developed a new detection scheme for the identification of thin cirrus based on a combination of the 1.38 and 0.65 um reflectance ratio and 8.6-11 um brightness temperature difference. Results calculated from a radiative transfer model and the data obtained from MODIS onboard the Terra satellite were employed to illustrate the applicability of this approach for the regional mapping of thin cirrus. The mm-wave radar data that was coincident and collocated with the satellite data available at the ARM site was used for validation. In all cases selected, the new method was able to detect more than 85% of the thin cirrus clouds estimated to have optical depths between 0.1 and 0.9 (Roskovensky and Liou 2003b).
Book Synopsis Clouds and Their Climatic Impact by : Sylvia Sullivan
Download or read book Clouds and Their Climatic Impact written by Sylvia Sullivan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clouds and Their Climatic Impacts Clouds are an influential and complex element of Earth’s climate system. They evolve rapidly in time and exist over small spatial scales, but also affect global radiative balance and large-scale circulations. With more powerful models and extensive observations now at our disposal, the climate impact of clouds is receiving ever more research attention. Clouds and Their Climatic Impacts: Radiation, Circulation, and Precipitation presents an overview of our current understanding on various types of clouds and cloud systems and their multifaceted role in the radiative budget, circulation patterns, and rainfall. Volume highlights include: Interactions of aerosol with both liquid and ice clouds Surface and atmospheric cloud radiative feedbacks and effects Arctic, extratropical, and tropical clouds Cloud-circulation coupling at global, meso, and micro scales Precipitation efficiency, phase, and measurements The role of machine learning in understanding clouds and climate The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Cloud Parameterizations in a High Resolution Atmospheric General Circulation Model Using ARM Data by :
Download or read book Evaluation of Cloud Parameterizations in a High Resolution Atmospheric General Circulation Model Using ARM Data written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Typical state of the art atmospheric general circulation models used in climate change studies have horizontal resolution of approximately 300 km. As computing power increases, many climate modeling groups are working toward enhancing the resolution of global models. An important issue that arises when resolution of a model is changed is whether cloud and convective parameterizations, which were developed for use at coarser resolutions, will need to be reformulated or re-tuned. We propose to investigate this issue and specifically cloud statistics using ARM data. The data streams produced by highly instrumented sections of Cloud and Radiation Testbeds (CART) of ARM program will provide a significant aid in the evaluation of cloud and convection parameterization in high-resolution models. Recently, we have performed multiyear global-climate simulations at T170 and T239 resolutions, corresponding to grid cell sizes of 0.7° and 0.5° respectively, using the NCAR Community Climate Model. We have also a performed climate change simulation at T170. On the scales of a T42 grid cell (300 km) and larger, nearly all quantities we examined in T170 simulation agree better with observations in terms of spatial patterns than do results in a comparable simulation at T42. Increasing the resolution to T239 brings significant further improvement. At T239, the high-resolution model grid cells approach the dimensions of the highly instrumented sections of ARM Cloud and Radiation Testbed (CART) sites. We propose to form a cloud climatology using ARM data for its CART sites and evaluate cloud statistics of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) at higher resolutions over those sites using this ARM cloud climatology. We will then modify the physical parameterizations of CAM for better agreement with ARM data. We will work closely with NCAR in modifying the parameters in cloud and convection parameterizations for the high-resolution model. Our proposal to evaluate the cloud parameterization at high resolution has high relevance for the mission of ARM (to improve the treatment of clouds and radiation in the models) because the high-resolution model grid cells approach the dimensions of the highly instrumented sections of ARM CART sites.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781722815325 Total Pages :28 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (153 download)
Book Synopsis Studies in the Parameterization of Cloudiness in Climate Models and the Analysis of Radiation Fields in General Circulation Models by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Studies in the Parameterization of Cloudiness in Climate Models and the Analysis of Radiation Fields in General Circulation Models written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-11 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broad-band parameterizations for atmospheric radiative transfer were developed for clear and cloudy skies. These were in the shortwave and longwave regions of the spectrum. These models were compared with other models in an international effort called ICRCCM (Intercomparison of Radiation Codes for Climate Models). The radiation package developed was used for simulations of a General Circulation Model (GCM). A synopsis is provided of the research accomplishments in the two areas separately. Details are available in the published literature. HARSHVARDHAN Unspecified Center NAG5-1088...
Book Synopsis A Coordinated Effort to Improve Parameterization of High-Latitude Cloud and Radiation Processes by :
Download or read book A Coordinated Effort to Improve Parameterization of High-Latitude Cloud and Radiation Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this project is the development and evaluation of improved parameterization of arctic cloud and radiation processes and implementation of the parameterizations into a climate model. Our research focuses specifically on the following issues: (1) continued development and evaluation of cloud microphysical parameterizations, focusing on issues of particular relevance for mixed phase clouds; and (2) evaluation of the mesoscale simulation of arctic cloud system life cycles.
