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Author : Michael John Block
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (532 download)
Download or read book New Substrates for Palladium and Palladium-copper Composite Membranes written by Michael John Block and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stephen Nick Paglieri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (249 download)
Download or read book Palladium and Palladium-copper Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separation written by Stephen Nick Paglieri and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PALLADIUM/COPPER ALLOY COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN SEPARATION. written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes progress made during the first year of research funding from DOE Grant No. DE-FG26-03NT41792 at the Colorado School of Mines. The period of performance was September 1, 2003 through August of 2004. Composite membranes, consisting of a thin Pd alloy film supported on a porous substrate have been investigated as a means of reducing the membrane cost and improving H[sub 2] flux. An electroless plating technique was utilized to deposit subsequent layers of palladium and copper over zirconia and alumina-based microfilters. The composite membranes thus made were annealed and tested at temperatures ranging from 250 to 500 C, under very high feed pressures (up to 450 psig) using pure gases and gaseous mixtures containing H[sub 2], CO, CO[sub 2], H[sub 2]O and H[sub 2]S, with the purpose of determining the effects these variables had on the H[sub 2] permeation rate, selectivity and percent recovery. The inhibition caused by CO/CO[sub 2] gases on a 7 [micro]m thick Pd-Cu composite membrane was less than 17% over a wide range of compositions at 350 C. H[sub 2]S caused a strong inhibition of the H[sub 2] flux of the same Pd-Cu composite membrane, which is accentuated at levels of 100 ppm or higher. The membrane was exposed to 50 ppm three times without permanent damage. At higher H[sub 2]S levels, above 100 ppm the membrane suffered some physical degradation and its performances was severely affected. The use of sweep gases improved the hydrogen flux and recovery of a Pd-Cu composite membrane. Recently, we have been able to dramatically reduce the thickness of these Pd alloy membranes to approximately one micron. This is significant because at this thickness, it is the cost of the porous support that controls the materials cost of a composite Pd alloy membrane, not the palladium inventory. Very recent results show that the productivity of our membranes is very high, essentially meeting the DOE pure hydrogen flux target value set by the DOE Hydrogen Program. These results were obtained when a 1.3-micron-thick Pd[sub 95]Cu[sub 5] (composition given in mass %) alloy film was coated on a Pall Corporation Membralox[reg-sign] T1-70 tubular ceramic substrate. The flux of this membrane would be even higher if the alloy composition was 40 wt. % Cu.
Author : Fernando Roa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (54 download)
Download or read book Palladium-copper Composite Membranes written by Fernando Roa and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. Douglas Way
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book PALLADIUM/COPPER ALLOY COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN SEPARATION. written by J. Douglas Way and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes progress made during the first year of research funding from DOE Grant No. DE-FG26-03NT41792 at the Colorado School of Mines. The period of performance was September 1, 2003 through August of 2004. Composite membranes, consisting of a thin Pd alloy film supported on a porous substrate have been investigated as a means of reducing the membrane cost and improving H{sub 2} flux. An electroless plating technique was utilized to deposit subsequent layers of palladium and copper over zirconia and alumina-based microfilters. The composite membranes thus made were annealed and tested at temperatures ranging from 250 to 500 C, under very high feed pressures (up to 450 psig) using pure gases and gaseous mixtures containing H{sub 2}, CO, CO{sub 2}, H{sub 2}O and H{sub 2}S, with the purpose of determining the effects these variables had on the H{sub 2} permeation rate, selectivity and percent recovery. The inhibition caused by CO/CO{sub 2} gases on a 7 {micro}m thick Pd-Cu composite membrane was less than 17% over a wide range of compositions at 350 C. H{sub 2}S caused a strong inhibition of the H{sub 2} flux of the same Pd-Cu composite membrane, which is accentuated at levels of 100 ppm or higher. The membrane was exposed to 50 ppm three times without permanent damage. At higher H{sub 2}S levels, above 100 ppm the membrane suffered some physical degradation and its performances was severely affected. The use of sweep gases improved the hydrogen flux and recovery of a Pd-Cu composite membrane. Recently, we have been able to dramatically reduce the thickness of these Pd alloy membranes to approximately one micron. This is significant because at this thickness, it is the cost of the porous support that controls the materials cost of a composite Pd alloy membrane, not the palladium inventory. Very recent results show that the productivity of our membranes is very high, essentially meeting the DOE pure hydrogen flux target value set by the DOE Hydrogen Program. These results were obtained when a 1.3-micron-thick Pd{sub 95}Cu{sub 5} (composition given in mass %) alloy film was coated on a Pall Corporation Membralox{reg_sign} T1-70 tubular ceramic substrate. The flux of this membrane would be even higher if the alloy composition was 40 wt. % Cu.
Download or read book PALLADIUM/COPPER ALLOY COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN SEPARATION FROM COAL-DERIVED GAS STREAMS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For hydrogen from coal gasification to be used economically, processing approaches that produce a high purity gas must be developed. Palladium and its alloys, nickel, platinum and the metals in Groups 3 to 5 of the Periodic Table are all permeable to hydrogen. Hydrogen permeable metal membranes made of palladium and its alloys are the most widely studied due to their high hydrogen permeability, chemical compatibility with many hydrocarbon containing gas streams, and infinite hydrogen selectivity. Our Pd composite membranes have demonstrated stable operation at 450 C for over 70 days. Coal derived synthesis gas will contain up to 15000 ppm H[sub 2]S as well as CO, CO[sub 2], N[sub 2] and other gases. Highly selectivity membranes are necessary to reduce the H[sub 2]S concentration to acceptable levels for solid oxide and other fuel cell systems. Pure Pd-membranes are poisoned by sulfur, and suffer from mechanical problems caused by thermal cycling and hydrogen embrittlement. Recent advances have shown that Pd-Cu composite membranes are not susceptible to the mechanical, embrittlement, and poisoning problems that have prevented widespread industrial use of Pd for high temperature H[sub 2] separation. These membranes consist of a thin ([le] 5[micro]m) film of metal deposited on the inner surface of a porous metal or ceramic tube. With support from this DOE Grant, we have fabricated thin, high flux Pd-Cu alloy composite membranes using a sequential electroless plating approach. Thin, Pd[sub 60]Cu[sub 40] films exhibit a hydrogen flux more than ten times larger than commercial polymer membranes for H[sub 2] separation, resist poisoning by H[sub 2]S and other sulfur compounds typical of coal gas, and exceed the DOE Fossil Energy target hydrogen flux of 80 ml/cm[sup 2][center-dot] min= 0.6 mol/m[sup 2][center-dot] s for a feed pressure of 40 psig. Similar Pd-membranes have been operated at temperatures as high as 750 C. We have developed practical electroless plating procedures for fabrication of thin Pd-Cu composite membranes at any scale.
Author : Thijs Peters
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038977020
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)
Download or read book Pd-based Membranes written by Thijs Peters and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (893 download)
Download or read book Development of Palladium Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Separation written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two types of palladium composite membrane were investigated for hydrogen separation. A palladium alloy membrane was prepared by electroless plating a layer of palladium (≈20 [mu]m) and then copper onto a commercially available porous (nominal 0.2 [mu]m pores) [alpha]-alumina substrate. The resulting multilayer metal film was annealed at 355 C for several days to promote metallic interdiffusion and alloy formation. During the heat treatment, a maximum hydrogen flux of 0.15 mol (STP)/m2 · s was observed at 355 C and a pressure drop ([Delta]P) across the membrane of 6.8 atm. The H2/Ar ideal separation factor was 68 at these conditions, however, the separation factor decreased upon thermal cycling. The other type of membrane fabricated was a palladium coated vanadium-copper alloy foil where the main advantage is the reduction in palladium film coating thickness to 100 nm per side. New methods are being developed for welding the thin foil into modules for testing. The hydrogen flux through a pinhole-free, 75 [mu]m thick Pd/VCu{sub 1.1}/Pd (atomic %) composite membrane was 0.66 mol (STP)/m2 · at 350 C and [Delta]P = 3.5 atm compared to 0.44 mol (STP)/m2 · s for a 71 [mu]m thick Pd/VCu10/Pd membrane. Vanadium alloy composition was checked using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES).
Author : A Doukelis
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1782422412
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)
Download or read book Palladium Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Production, Carbon Capture and Other Applications written by A Doukelis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to their outstanding hydrogen selectivity, palladium membranes have attracted extensive R&D interest. They are a potential breakthrough technology for hydrogen production and also have promising applications in the areas of thermochemical biorefining. This book summarises key research in palladium membrane technologies, with particular focus on the scale-up challenges. After an introductory chapter, Part one reviews the fabrication of palladium membranes. Part two then focuses on palladium membrane module and reactor design. The final part of the book reviews the operation of palladium membranes for synthesis gas/hydrogen production, carbon capture and other applications. Review of manufacture and design issues for palladium membranes Discussion of the applications of palladium membrane technology, including solar steam reforming, IGCC plants, NGCC plants, CHP plants and hydrogen production Examples of the technology in operation
Author : S. Ted Oyama
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444537295
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)
Download or read book Inorganic Polymeric and Composite Membranes written by S. Ted Oyama and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic, Polymeric and Composite Membranes: Structure-Function and Other Correlations covers the latest technical advances in topics such as structure-function relationships for polymeric, inorganic, and composite membranes. Leading scientists provide in depth reviews and disseminate cutting-edge research results on correlations but also discuss new materials, characterization, modelling, computational simulation, process concepts, and spectroscopy. Unified by fundamental general correlations theme Many graphical examples Covers all major membrane types
Author : Mark Mika
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (72 download)
Download or read book Palladium-copper Alloys for Hydrogen Separation Membranes written by Mark Mika and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arun C. Bose
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387345264
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Inorganic Membranes for Energy and Environmental Applications written by Arun C. Bose and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research interest in inorganic membrane materials and processes has significantly increased in recent years due to novel, potentially low-cost energy and fuel production applications. This book documents the recent progress in membrane science, especially in advanced materials and novel reaction and separation concepts. The book classifies membranes based on the mechanism of operation, i.e., size exclusion filtration, solution-diffusion, and mixed ion-electron conduction of the permeate streams. This is the first book on the use of inorganic membranes for fuel and energy applications.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR PRODUCING SELF SUPPORTED PALLADIUM ALLOY MEMBRANES FOR USE IN EFFICIENT PRODUCTION OF COAL DERIVED HYDROGEN. written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competed fabrication of an initial series of copper and palladium-copper alloy membranes in the range of 1-8 microns in thickness up to 6 inch x 8 inch in area. Films were produced using both e-beam evaporation (with and without ion assist) and magnetron sputtering from a 60%Pd/40%Cu alloy target. Pure copper and palladium-copper alloy films, with essential no intrinsic stress, were produced on both polystyrene and polyvinyl alcohol substrates. Various processing parameters and techniques were investigated in order to minimize defects and maximize uniformity in single layer films. Even though films to date are visually defect free, we are able to observe sub-micron size defects using a backlighting technique; we are currently investigating a number of methods to create a gas impermeable membrane. At present, the metal films are effectively removed from the polymer backing material by merely immersing the film in an appropriate solvent; chloroform for the polystyrene and water for the PVA. In the future we plan to investigate alternative methods for removing the polymer backing that are more suited to large scale, low-cost manufacturing.
Author : Md. Saiful Islam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (793 download)
Download or read book Fabrication of Pd-Cu Membranes by Surfactant Induced Electroless Plating (SIEP) written by Md. Saiful Islam and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fabricates palladium-copper (Pd-Cu) composite membranes on microporous stainless steel substrate (MPSS) by novel electroless plating process. Introduces cationic surfactant in the electroless plating process known as surfactant induced electroless plating (SIEP) to prevent the problem of gas bubbles forming which can hinder uniform Pd-film deposition and cause poor membrane performance.
Author : Samhun Yun
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659104626
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Palladium Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Production and Separation written by Samhun Yun and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, we developed a new preparation technique for palladium composite membranes which results in an ultra-thin and defect-free selective layer with outstanding performance properties and long life. In the method, a palladium precursor and a reducing agent on opposite sides of a substrate of porous alumina hollow fibers were placed and used an electric field to cause migration of metal ions to the outer surface where they are reduced to form seeds at high concentration in a narrow spatial region. The ethanol steam reforming was conducted in a membrane reactor with the Pd membrane and the performance of this reactor was compared with results from a packed bed reactor under identical conditions. For all conditions studied, enhancement of ethanol conversion and hydrogen yield were observed in the membrane reactor compared to the packed bed reactor.
Author : Razima S. Souleimanova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780599878969
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (789 download)
Download or read book Palladium-composite Membranes written by Razima S. Souleimanova and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Enrico Drioli
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849732396
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)
Download or read book Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases: Gas-separation problems combined with membrane reactors written by Enrico Drioli and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two volume set presents the state-of-the-art, and potential for future developments, in membrane engineering for the separation of gases.
