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Pakistans Agriculture Sector
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Book Synopsis Agriculture and the rural economy in Pakistan: Issues, outlooks, and policy priorities: Synopsis by : Spielman, David J.
Download or read book Agriculture and the rural economy in Pakistan: Issues, outlooks, and policy priorities: Synopsis written by Spielman, David J. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-01-10 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While policy makers, media, and the international community focus their attention on Pakistan’s ongoing security challenges, the potential of the rural economy, and particularly the agricultural sector, to improve Pakistanis’ well-being is being neglected. Agriculture is crucial to Pakistan’s economy. Almost half of the country’s labor force works in the agricultural sector, which produces food and inputs for industry (such as cotton for textiles) and accounts for over a third of Pakistan’s total export earnings. Equally important are nonfarm economic activities in rural areas, such as retail sales in small village shops, transportation services, and education and health services in local schools and clinics. Rural nonfarm activities account for between 40 and 57 percent of total rural household income. Their large share of income means that the agricultural sector and the rural nonfarm economy have vital roles to play in promoting growth and reducing poverty in Pakistan.
Book Synopsis Pakistan's Agriculture Sector by : Rashid Faruqee
Download or read book Pakistan's Agriculture Sector written by Rashid Faruqee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government's Role in Pakistan Agriculture by : Rashid Faruqee
Download or read book Government's Role in Pakistan Agriculture written by Rashid Faruqee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pakistan's Agriculture Sector: Is 3 to 4 Percent Annual Growth Sustainable? by : Rashid Faruqee
Download or read book Pakistan's Agriculture Sector: Is 3 to 4 Percent Annual Growth Sustainable? written by Rashid Faruqee and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: January 1995 For 25 years, agricultural growth has been a key source of the growth in Pakistan's GDP, but the momentum may be running out. Key problems include a crisis in irrigation and the government's overextended role in agriculture. An example of inappropriate government intervention is the provision of subsidies that do not help farmers, either because of rent-seeking and inefficiency or because the subsidy (for wheat, for example) helps consumers at the expense of producers. Government spending must shift to a new focus -- on public goods and market failures. A key source of the impressive growth in Pakistan's GDP (6 percent annually for two decades) has been the agriculture sector, which grew about 3.6 percent a year for 25 years. Faruqee analyzes whether such a growth rate is sustainable. In different periods, growth has come from different sources: from a seed, fertilizer, and irrigation package in the 1960s, from intensification of water and fertilizer use in the 1970s, and from improvement of crop management and incentives in the 1980s. In the past 10 years, cotton has been a main source of growth. The momentum for growth may be ending. Total cultivable land and irrigation cannot increase significantly. At best, water resources can expand by 10 percent, and only at great cost. And there have been problems with cotton in recent years. Future growth must come mainly from increases in productivity, achieved by allocating resources to crops for which the country has a comparative advantage, improving the technical efficiency of inputs for each major crop, and increasing cropping intensity. But increasing productivity means changing major agricultural systems, policies, and institutions, including: * Poor incentive policies, which have led to inappropriate use of land and hence to problems of soil erosion and land degradation. * Poor distribution of land resources and inadequate systems of land tenure. At one extreme are very large estates of absentee landlords, and at the other, very small, ill-equipped peasant farms. Insecurity of tenure creates disincentives for investing in land. * Persistent problems with irrigation, essential on more than three-fourths of agricultural land in Pakistan. * Weak human resources and infrastructure. * Direct government intervention in agricultural markets, which, although recently diminished, still distorts markets. Subsidized imports of wheat and price controls on cotton exports reflect a persisting bias against cotton and wheat, while sugarcane is heavily protected. The protection of domestic industry distorts sectoral prices. Government policy also distorts the market for such vital inputs as seeds and fertilizer. Serious problems in the credit market exacerbate other problems arising from policy distortions. This paper -- a product of the Agricultural Operations Division, South Asia, Country Department I -- is part of a larger effort in the department to analyze the major issues facing Pakistan's agriculture sector and to suggest a strategy to improve its performance.
Book Synopsis Developing Sustainable Agriculture in Pakistan by : Iqrar Ahmad Khan
Download or read book Developing Sustainable Agriculture in Pakistan written by Iqrar Ahmad Khan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economy and development of Pakistan providing food to consumers, raw materials to industries, and a market for industrial goods. Unfortunately, agricultural production is stagnant due to several barriers including a fixed cropping pattern, reliance on a few major crops, a narrow genetic pool, poor seed quality, and a changing climate. In addition, the high cost of production, weak phytosanitary compliance mechanisms, and a lack of cold chain facilities makes Pakistan agriculturally uncompetitive in export markets. Despite all these issues, agriculture is the primary industry in Pakistan and small farmers continue to dominate the business. Small farmers grow crops for subsistence under a fixed cropping pattern and a holistic approach is required to develop agriculture to improve the livelihoods of the rural populace. This book presents an exhaustive look at agriculture in Pakistan. Chapters provide critical analyses of present trends, inadequacies in agriculture, strategic planning, improvement programs and policies while keeping in view the natural resources, plant- and animal-related agricultural production technologies, input supplies, population planning, migration and poverty, and balanced policies on finance, credit, marketing, and trade.
Book Synopsis Pakistan's agriculture sector by : Rashid Faruqee
Download or read book Pakistan's agriculture sector written by Rashid Faruqee and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Indus Basin of Pakistan by : Winston Yu
Download or read book The Indus Basin of Pakistan written by Winston Yu and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study assesses the impacts of climate risks and development alternatives on water and agriculture in the Indus basin of Pakistan. It analyzes inter-relationships among the climate, water, and agriculture sectors and provides a systems modeling framework for these purposes.
Book Synopsis Government Intervention in Pakistan's Agricultural Economy by : Gary Ender
Download or read book Government Intervention in Pakistan's Agricultural Economy written by Gary Ender and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Agrarian Economy of Pakistan by : Ijaz Nabi
Download or read book The Agrarian Economy of Pakistan written by Ijaz Nabi and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1986 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agrarian Economy of Pakistan presents a systematic, analytical assessment of the structural changes in Pakistan's agriculture and its role in the national development strategy.
Book Synopsis Strategic Reforms for Agricultural Growth in Pakistan by : Rashid Faruqee
Download or read book Strategic Reforms for Agricultural Growth in Pakistan written by Rashid Faruqee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Future prospects for the agricultural sector in Pakistan depend on its ability to increase output and income of producers." Agriculture remains the backbone of the Pakistani economy, employing more than half the labor force and accounting for 70 per cent of export revenues. However, agriculture faces two sets of constraints in Pakistan: resource constraints and policy distortions. This volume deals with the major resource and policy constraints currently facing Pakistani agriculture. Government involvement in Pakistan's agricultural sector has been excessive and often inappropriate, and agricultural reforms are a key part of the adjustment program underway in Pakistan. Some of the principal goals of the program are to ensure a sound and sustainable macroeconomic framework with sustainable internal and external balances, to liberalize trade, privatize government-owned enterprises, deregulate and eliminate public sector monopolies, and to reform the financial sector. The agricultural sector can contribute to the Pakistani economy and to the adjustment program. Agriculture has the potential to make a larger contribution to total revenue and plays an important role in external balances. A favorable climate gives Pakistan a strong comparative advantage in horticulture, as indicated by the rapid growth of the subsector in the absence of policy interventions.
Book Synopsis Government's Role in Pakistan Agriculture by : Rashid Faruqee
Download or read book Government's Role in Pakistan Agriculture written by Rashid Faruqee and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1995 The proper role of Pakistan's government in the agriculture sector should be to encourage the development of a smoothly functioning market, through institutional and regulatory reform that facilitates market efficiency and private sector activities. Where market failure is not an issue and government inefficiency is evident, government's role should be drastically reduced. Government involvement in Pakistan's agriculture sector has benefited farmers little, contends Faruqee. He recommends reform of agricultural policies and institutions. For one thing, government policy has severely distorted agricultural incentives -- directly, through agricultural pricing policy, and indirectly until recently, through exchange rate policy. Although negative effects of the government's exchange rate policy have been eliminated, the indirect effects from giving certain industries heavier trade protection linger. Input markets have been distorted by subsidies. Those distortions dissipate most of the benefits directed at farmers. The government's role as an institution-builder also needs reform. Public institutions have proliferated in almost every area of agriculture, with little benefit to the sector. The institutions in research and extension are particularly weak. In addition, public enterprises have dominated marketing and distribution? crowding out private sector efforts -- although the rationale for a government presence there is not clear. Moreover, the underpricing of electricity and water has entailed hidden expenditures that make the continued provision of those essential inputs financially unsustainable. Basic reform is essential, says Faruqee. The proper role of Pakistan's government should be to encourage the development of a smoothly functioning market, through institutional and regulatory reform that facilitates market efficiency and private sector activities. Where market failure is not an issue and government inefficiency is evident, government's role should be drastically reduced. Government spending should focus on public goods and market failures, not on activities better suited to the private sector. However, the government should continue to play an active role in reducing poverty and protecting the environment. This paper -- a product of the Agriculture Operations Division, South Asia Country Department I -- is part of a larger effort in the department to analyze the major issues facing Pakistan's agriculture sector and to suggest a strategy to improve its performance.
Book Synopsis Pakistan's Quest for Food Security by : Asmi Raza
Download or read book Pakistan's Quest for Food Security written by Asmi Raza and published by APH Publishing. This book was released on 1993 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Women in Agriculture in Pakistan by : Aazar Bhandara
Download or read book Women in Agriculture in Pakistan written by Aazar Bhandara and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agriculture in Pakistan by : Mahmood Hasan Khan
Download or read book Agriculture in Pakistan written by Mahmood Hasan Khan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Privatization and the Crisis of Agricultural Extension: The Case of Pakistan by : Ahmed Munir
Download or read book Privatization and the Crisis of Agricultural Extension: The Case of Pakistan written by Ahmed Munir and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2003. he public sector plays a dominant international role in the provision of agricultural extension and services. This role has been the subject of much debate. Some argue for extension's privatization, claiming that a market driven system provides the most rational and efficient means of information delivery. Based on extensive empirical research from the Punjab (Pakistan), this volume examines the comparative effectiveness of public and private extension services from the perspective of farmers. It also focuses on information from extension agents about their respective organizations and work environments. In so doing, the book expands and elaborates on the practical considerations of privatization and information delivery. It then broadens out into a discussion of alternative means of extension delivery, focusing on participatory approaches, education theory and pluralism.
Book Synopsis Agriculture in Pakistan by : A. K. M. Ahamad Ullah
Download or read book Agriculture in Pakistan written by A. K. M. Ahamad Ullah and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxing Agriculture in Pakistan by : Mr.Mahmood Hasan Khan
Download or read book Taxing Agriculture in Pakistan written by Mr.Mahmood Hasan Khan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-05-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pakistan’s economic performance has been marred by persistently high fiscal deficits which have resulted largely from the inability to raise sufficient revenues. Agriculture is a dominant sector of the economy, but generates very limited revenue from direct taxes on agricultural producers. The paper first reviews the history of attempts to tax agriculture in Pakistan, the purpose of which is to underscore the difficulty in adopting and implementing a sound agricultural tax policy. It then examines various alternatives with regard to the taxation of agricultural land and incomes. Finally, it presents the outlines of a full-fledged agricultural income tax that could be implemented within the Constitutional framework in the next three to five years.
