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Author : V. F. Urbanic
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Oxidation of zirconium alloys in steam at 1000 to 1850 degrees celsius written by V. F. Urbanic and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : VF. Urbanic
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Oxidation of Zirconium Alloys in Steam at 1000 to 1850°C written by VF. Urbanic and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxygen embrittlement of fuel sheathing resulting from high temperature oxidation in steam is a potential fuel failure mechanism during a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). In high temperature steam, zirconium alloys form an outer layer of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and an inner layer of oxygen-stabilized ?-Zr immediately below. The metal/steam reaction for Zr-2.5Nb in the temperature range 1000 to 1600°C was studied and compared with earlier results for Zircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4.
Author : J. Paul Pemsler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys in 900 and 1000° Steam written by J. Paul Pemsler and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : T. L. Mackay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys in Liquid Sodium written by T. L. Mackay and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. Paul Pemsler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys in 900° Steam written by J. Paul Pemsler and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mirco Grosse
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book In Situ Investigations of the Hydrogen Uptake of Zirconium Alloys During Steam Oxidation written by Mirco Grosse and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydrogen uptake during steam oxidation of Zircaloy-4 and E110 was investigated in situ in the temperature range of 1,000-1,300°C. The procedure to determine hydrogen concentrations from the neutron radiographs measured is explained in detail. Very fast hydrogen absorption (less than 10 s) was observed directly after starting the steam injection. The maximal hydrogen concentration reached increased with increasing temperatures. A slight release of hydrogen was observed after this first fast hydrogen uptake. The hydrogen concentration depended on time with a power of -1/8. An enhanced hydrogen uptake occurred if the oxidation switched into the breakaway mode. The hydrogen concentration increased by nearly one order of magnitude.
Author : H. Uetsuka
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)
Download or read book OXIDATION OF ZIRCALOY-4 UNDER LIMITED STEAM SUPPLY AT 1000 AND 1300 DEGREES C. written by H. Uetsuka and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : A. A. Kiselev
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Research on the Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys in Water and Steam at High Temperature and Pressure written by A. A. Kiselev and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidation rate was found to be relatively insensitive to various types of surface preparations in the temperature range 400 to 700 deg C. No dependence of reaction rate on oxygen pressure was observed. The cubic rate law also was obeyed by foil specimens at 700 deg C; however, the rate constants were slightly larger than values obtained from parallelepiped samples.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H. Uetsuka
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (845 download)
Download or read book Oxidation of Zircaloy-4 Under Limited Steam Supple at 1000 and 1300°C written by H. Uetsuka and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
![Download Oxidation of zircaloy-4 [zircaloy] under limited steam supply at 1000 and 1300_347 C PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/i0zdGwAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
Author : H. Uetsuka
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (354 download)
Download or read book Oxidation of zircaloy-4 [zircaloy] under limited steam supply at 1000 and 1300_347 C written by H. Uetsuka and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : IL. Bramwell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation Into the Oxidation of Zircaloy-4 at Elevated Pressures in the 750 to 1000°C Temperature Range written by IL. Bramwell and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the literature data on the oxidation of Zircaloy-4 in steam at high temperatures was generated at atmospheric pressure, but what little data does exist at elevated pressures indicates that oxidation may be enhanced. In view of the paucity of available data, a test program was undertaken to determine the oxidation characteristics of Zircaloy-4 in steam at high temperatures and pressures. Lengths of Zircaloy-4 were heated to temperatures between 750 and 1000°C while being exposed to flowing steam at pressures up to 18.6 MPa for durations up to 2500 s. Oxide thicknesses were measured by metallography that indicated that oxidation was enhanced by pressure over this temperature range. The deleterious effect increased with temperature up to 900°C where the oxide thicknesses were up to five times greater than expected from atmospheric pressure data. Where breakaway oxidation occurred, the local oxide thicknesses were up to a factor of seven greater than predicted. At 1000°C, the effect was less pronounced than at 900°C, with maximum enhancement factors of around two. At 800°C, the enhancement saturated around 15.2 MPa, when further increases in pressure to above normal pressurized water reactor (PWR) operating pressure had no further noticeable effect. Scatter in the data at 900°C prevented identification of any firm trends but the indications were that here the effect did not saturate in the pressure range considered. Thus, predictive models based on atmospheric pressure data are likely to substantially underestimate the extent of oxidation when Zircaloy-4 is heated in elevated pressure steam. These results, which will enable more confident estimates of oxidation under such conditions and form a good starting point for empirical modeling efforts, are reviewed in the context of existing literature data and computer models.
Download or read book High Temperature Steam Oxidation of Titanium-coated Zircaloy-2 and Titanium-Zirconium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Toshiyuki Yamashita
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (126 download)
Download or read book Steam Oxidation of Zircaloy Cladding in the ORNL Fission Product Release Tests written by Toshiyuki Yamashita and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (921 download)
Download or read book The Corrosion of Zirconium and Its Alloys in High Temperature Steam. Part 3. The Influence of the Environment on Oxidation written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Andrey Malgin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Alloying Effect of Niobium and Tin on the Zirconium Alloy Fuel Cladding Behavior at High Temperature Oxidation in Steam written by Andrey Malgin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the materials for fuel claddings for water-cooled reactors, binary and multicomponent zirconium alloys zirconium-niobium (Zr-Nb) (E110, M5), zirconium-tin-iron (Zr-Sn-Fe) (Zircaloy-2,-4), and zirconium-niobium-tin-iron (Zr-Nb-Sn-Fe) (E635, ZIRLO®) most commonly are used. Improvement extends, in particular, by varying their composition by niobium, tin, and iron. At the same time, importance is given to ensuring the safe operation of the fuel rods not only in normal conditions but also in emergency situations such as a loss of coolant accident. In this paper, we present the research results of studies of the influence of alloying elements niobium, tin, and iron on corrosion resistance and embrittlement at high-temperature steam oxidation of fuel claddings based on the alloy types Zr-xNb (x = 1.0 ÷ 2.5) and Zr-xNb-ySn-zFe (x = 0.6 ÷ 2.4; y = 0.24 ÷ 1.1; z = 0.18 ÷ 0.34) made by using zirconium sponge. We conducted high-temperature steam oxidation tests at temperatures of 1,000°C, 1,100°C, and 1,200°C with continuous measurement of the weight gain during the experiment and subsequent cooling in steam with rate ~20°C/s. We conducted studies of kinetics of high-temperature oxidation in steam, structural-phase state changes, alloying elements distribution, absorbed hydrogen content, and residual ductility after rapid cooling of the oxidized specimens. We revealed the difference in the oxidation kinetics of the materials studied, which decreased as the oxidation temperature increased. Likewise, an increase of the tin content in the alloy influenced a specimen's breakaway oxidation intensification at 1,000°C. This shows that the mechanical properties of fuel claddings oxidized under the same conditions depend on their alloying composition, and the hydrogen fraction is absorbed by the specimen and formed by the oxidation of ZrO2, ?-Zr(O), and ex-? layer structures, which in turn varies depending on the alloy composition. The increase of niobium, tin, and iron content in the zirconium alloy leads to a decrease in the residual ductility of fuel claddings after high-temperature steam oxidation. According to obtained results, among the materials studied, Zr-1.0Nb alloy is the most resistant to embrittlement during high-temperature steam oxidation at temperatures of 1,000-1,200°C.
