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Os 02 The Impact Of Climate And Extreme Weather Events On Military Operations
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Book Synopsis OS-02: The Impact of Climate and Extreme Weather Events on Military Operations by :
Download or read book OS-02: The Impact of Climate and Extreme Weather Events on Military Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The range of climate and extreme weather events, including high and low temperatures, drought and floods, high and damaging winds, and heavy or blowing snow have significant impacts on military operations. These impacts include increased risk to life and safety, injury, and a degrading effect on mission performance. The effects of snow are felt across a range of tasks from intelligence gathering by sensors to mobility of vehicles and personnel. A comprehensive review of the impacts of snow and weather on military operations is in progress, which will produce a geographic database of climate, extreme weather and snow impacts on military operations.
Book Synopsis Climate Change and National Security by : Joshua W. Busby
Download or read book Climate Change and National Security written by Joshua W. Busby and published by Council on Foreign Relations Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Domestically, the effects of climate change could overwhelm disaster-response capabilities. Internationally, climate change may cause humanitarian disasters, contribute to political violence, and undermine weak governments. In this Council Special Report, Joshua W. Busby moves beyond diagnosis of the threat to recommendations for action. Recognizing that some climate change is inevitable, he proposes a portfolio of feasible and affordable policy options to reduce the vulnerability of the United States and other countries to the predictable effects of climate change.
Book Synopsis Global Warming Could Have a Chilling Effect on the Military by : Richard F. Pittenger
Download or read book Global Warming Could Have a Chilling Effect on the Military written by Richard F. Pittenger and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most debates and studies addressing potential climate change have focused on the buildup of industrial greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and a gradual increase in global temperatures. But this "slow ramp" climate change scenario ignores recent and rapidly advancing evidence that Earth's climate repeatedly has become much colder, warmer, wetter, or drier-in time spans as short as three to 10 years. Earth's climate system appears to have sensitive thresholds, the crossing of which shifts the system into different modes of operation and triggers rapid, non-linear, and not necessarily global changes. This new paradigm of abrupt climate change does not appear to be on the radar screens of military planners, who treat climate change as a long term, low-level threat, with mostly sociological, not national security, implications. But intense and abrupt climate changes could escalate environmental issues into unanticipated security threats, and could compromise an unprepared military. The global ocean circulation system, often called the Ocean Conveyor, can change rapidly and shift the distribution patterns of heat and rainfall over large areas of the globe. The North Atlantic region is particularly vulnerable to abrupt regional coolings linked to ocean circulation changes. Global warming and ocean circulation changes also threaten the Arctic Ocean's sea ice cover. Beyond the abrupt climatic impacts, fundamental changes in ocean circulation also have immediate naval implications. Recent evidence suggests that the oceans already may be experiencing large-scale changes that could affect Earth's climate. Military planners should begin to consider potential abrupt climate change scenarios and their impacts on national defense.
Book Synopsis Report on Effects of a Changing Climate to the Department of Defense by : Department Of Defense
Download or read book Report on Effects of a Changing Climate to the Department of Defense written by Department Of Defense and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-20 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses the impact and risks of climate change to United States military installations, conduct of military operations, and mission effectiveness.
Book Synopsis Impact of Weather on Military Operations by : Gary D. Atkinson
Download or read book Impact of Weather on Military Operations written by Gary D. Atkinson and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Operational Use of the U. S. Army Reserve in Foreign Disaster Relief (FDR) to Support the Government's Strategic Use of Humanitarian Assistance and Response - Effect of Climate Change, Urbanization by : U. S. Military
Download or read book Operational Use of the U. S. Army Reserve in Foreign Disaster Relief (FDR) to Support the Government's Strategic Use of Humanitarian Assistance and Response - Effect of Climate Change, Urbanization written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although it is impossible to predict the future, the operational environment of 2025 and beyond may require additional military support to the United States Government's agencies in Foreign Disaster Relief (FDR). Global climate change, urbanization, growing natural resources scarcity, and other factors will increase the need for humanitarian assistance (HA) and disaster relief. At the same time, the Department of Defense (DoD) is undergoing budget and force reductions. The confluence of these factors and interaction of these variables in the current and future operational environment may require increased FDR capability and support from the military. Options for how the DoD will address FDR should be explored. Given the unique capabilities of the United States Army Reserve (USAR), congruent with FDR, the USAR may be best suited for the primary role in FDR missions. This monograph explores the current and future environment and provides analysis of the USAR to serve as a DoD option with a primary responsibility in FDR. The DoD's involvement in supporting the USG humanitarian assistance and disaster response (HADR) efforts through FDR will likely increase due to changing environmental conditions caused by climate change. Climate change is a major contributor to emerging natural resource scarcity, the increase in frequency of natural disasters, and other extreme weather events that influence the economic, social, and political stability of impacted nations. Insurgents and malign actors can capitalize on the prevailing unstable conditions created or exacerbated by climate change events or impacts. In addition, as nations have closed their borders to US presence, interaction, and influence, USG efforts in FDR can be a valuable tool to break down barriers and foster diplomacy.
Book Synopsis Pentagon Reports on Effects of Climate Change on the Defense Department and Military Bases and Facilities, Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessment Sur by : U. S. Military
Download or read book Pentagon Reports on Effects of Climate Change on the Defense Department and Military Bases and Facilities, Infrastructure Vulnerability Assessment Sur written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-23 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two important Pentagon reports about the effects of global warming and climate change on the Department of Defense (DoD) have been compiled in this reproduction. The first report in the compilation was issued in January 2019 and is entitled Report on Effects of a Changing Climate to the Department of Defense. The second, from 2018, is the Department of Defense Climate-Related Risk to DoD Infrastructure Initial Vulnerability Assessment Survey (SLVAS) Report.Climate-related events at 79 military installations of concern include recurrent flooding, drought, desertification, wildfires, and thawing permafrost.Vulnerabilities to installations include coastal and riverine flooding. Coastal flooding may result from storm surge during severe weather events. Over time, gradual sea level changes magnify the impacts of storm surge, and may eventually result in permanent inundation of property. Increasing coverage of land from nuisance flooding during high tides, also called "sunny day" flooding, is already affecting many coastal communities. Joint Base Langley-Eustis (JBLE-Langley AFB), Virginia, has experienced 14 inches in sea level rise since 1930 due to localized land subsidence and sea level rise. Flooding at JBLE-Langley, with a mean sea level elevation of three feet, has become more frequent and severe. Navy Base Coronado experiences isolated and flash flooding during tropical storm events, particularly in El Nino years. Upland Special Areas are subject to flash floods. The main installation reports worsening sea level rise and storm surge impacts that include access limitations and other logistic related impairments. Navy Region Mid-Atlantic and the greater Hampton Roads area is one of the most vulnerable to flooding military operational installation areas in the United States. Sea level rise, land subsidence, and changing ocean currents have resulted in more frequent nuisance flooding and increased vulnerability to coastal storms. As a result, and to better mitigate these issues, the Region has engaged in several initiatives and partnerships to address the associated challenges.
Author :Government Accountability Government Accountability Office Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781793014252 Total Pages :85 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (142 download)
Book Synopsis Climate Change Adaptation by : Government Accountability Government Accountability Office
Download or read book Climate Change Adaptation written by Government Accountability Government Accountability Office and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO-18-206 FINAL REPORT, November 2017 DOD installations overseas have experienced operational and budgetary risks posed by weather effects associated with climate change impacts at the military services' installations in each of DOD's geographic combatant commands. This book demonstrates the very real impact of global warming and the need to strengthen the resiliency of infrastructure used by DOD. This book identifies recommendations for executive action. Climate change deniers can stick their heads in the sand and pretend climate change is not real, but this book explains the science behind what is happening and clearly documents what should otherwise be obvious. In addition to sea level will rise, the DoD installations have been damaged by extreme weather events. To make matters worse, the land is sinking in some places and groundwater is being impacted. Global weather conditions are getting worse so even if the sea level rises slower than expected, hurricane storm surge and increased rainfall will wreak havoc with the electric grid, natural gas pipelines, municipal water and sewage treatment plants. Climate change will also result in humanitarian stressors for the DoD to deal with after a natural disaster. That said, we can expect wildfires in parts of the country not known for wildfires and flooding everywhere along the coasts. In our books "Sea Level Rise Maps" we show where coastal flooding will begin starting as early as the year 2030. We can expect to lose more than fancy beach houses. At least 30 major airports in cities like Boston, New York's JFK and LaGuardia, Newark, Philadelphia, Miami, San Diego and San Francisco will all be completely underwater by the year 2100 - and there is nothing anyone can do about it. Even if we reduce our carbon footprint to zero today, the process has already begun. Why buy a book you can download for free? We print this book so you don't have to. First you gotta find a good clean (legible) copy and make sure it's the latest version (not always easy). If you find a good copy, you could print it using a network printer you share with 100 other people (typically its either out of paper or toner). If it's just a 10-page document, no problem, but if it's 250-pages, you will need to punch 3 holes in all those pages and put it in a 3-ring binder. Takes at least an hour. It's much more cost-effective to just order the latest version from Amazon.com https://usgovpub.com
Book Synopsis Climate and Its Effect on Military Operations by : Charles Fitzhugh Talman
Download or read book Climate and Its Effect on Military Operations written by Charles Fitzhugh Talman and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Global Warming written by U S Military and published by . This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States military faces several important near-term threats including a potentially unstable Europe and Korean peninsula. While geographic combatant commanders around the world focus on state and non-state actors, they must also understand the "threat multiplier" of global climate change. Particularly, United States Northern Command, already faces the threat of large-scale destruction on the homeland. This threat takes the form not as a terrorist group or foreign army but as an extreme weather event, a hurricane. This incredible force of nature has demonstrated destructiveness many times over in our history and is expected to be further compounded by global climate change. With rising sea levels, increased sea surface temperatures, and a warmer atmosphere, tropical cyclones are forecasted to become more intense. The response following hurricane strikes will likely overwhelm local and state agencies requiring Title 10, or federal forces to respond more often. This will require United States Northern Command to adapt its strategy for the next 50 years meet this threat.This compilation also includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.Atlantic Basin tropical cyclones present a direct threat to the U.S. Homeland through deaths of American citizens and destruction of property. However, the associated disaster response commits large quantities of military manpower and assets from USNORTHCOM. On average, five hurricanes strike the United States Homeland every three years (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1999, ). These storms are predicted to become more powerful in a warmer world as sea surface temperature continue to increase, adding more energy into the hurricane. Due to the increasing potential for more destructive tropical cyclones, a more definitive understanding of them is warranted. This is particularly true if these systems will more readily overwhelm local and state authorities, charged as the first responders to the resultant disaster. If senior decision-makers do not recognize the increasing threat of tropical cyclones in the next 50 years, it will restrict USNORTHCOM from fulfilling requests for assistance and the nation can expect more devastation along its coastlines.Tropical cyclones (particularly hurricanes) are a destructive force that cause prolific damage to property and loss of life within the United States and its Atlantic territories every year. This coupled with the potential increase in their intensity, frequency, or duration due to global climate change, makes this study ever more critical to help senior military leaders understand the impending threat they face. Senior leaders must understand these natural forces much as they would an adversarial force to better defend against and respond to them. Additionally, this study serves to help solve the Army Warfighting Challenge #6, Homeland Operations, as it facilitates understanding of an emerging threat that the homeland will face in the future
Book Synopsis Climate and Disaster: Analyzing Military Foreign Disaster Relief in a Changing Climate - Examining Political and Other Motivations for Milit by : U. S. Military
Download or read book Climate and Disaster: Analyzing Military Foreign Disaster Relief in a Changing Climate - Examining Political and Other Motivations for Milit written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-23 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The suspected impact of climate change on natural hazards, as identified by the Inter-governmental Panel for Climate Change, is expected to lead to a world where natural disasters are more frequent and severe in nature. This thesis investigates how climate change, in particular its effect on natural disasters, will impact the Department of Defense (DoD) mission to support stability worldwide through military Foreign Disaster Relief (FDR). To do that, it examines the question, why does the United States government (USG) authorize military FDR operations? The thesis develops 12 hypotheses pertaining to political and apolitical motivations and assesses them by conducting a qualitative comparative analysis of 12 recent hydrometeorological disasters. The findings of this research suggest, first, that military FDR operations are conducted to maintain stability of nations, regions, and the world order. Second, they suggest the USG is less likely to authorize military FDR in a consistent method due to the number of factors it takes into consideration. Lastly, the USG's decision to authorize military FDR operations is not constrained by resources-such as equipment or the federal budget. In terms of climate change, increases in the frequency and severity of natural disasters is likely not to have a significant impact on military FDR operations. Additionally, if increases in the number of military FDR operations do occur, the DoD is well equipped and funded to support those operations.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.Military Foreign Disaster Relief Operations in a Changing Climate * A. Major Research Question * B. Significance of the Research Question * C. Literature Review * 1. Understanding Climate Change * 2. Climate Change as a National Security Issue * 3. The Military Role's in Responding to Climate Change * 4. Factors Driving the Military's Involvement in FDR * D. Plan of the Thesis * II. An Overview: U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance and Military Foreign Disaster Relief * A. Introduction * B. Natural Disasters and the Linkage to Climate Change * C. Terminology of Foreign Assistance * D. An Overview of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance * 1. History of U.S. FDA * 2. The Components, Roles, and Responsibilities of U.S. FDA * E. An Overview Of Military FDR * 1. The History of Military FDR * 2. The Authorities of Military FDR * 3. The Authorization of Military FDR * 4. Considerations for Authorization * 5. The Scope of Military FDR * 6. The Funding of Military FDR * III. Considerations for Authorizing Military FDR * A. Introduction * B. Disaster Characteristics and Military FDR Decisions * 1. Hypothesis 1 * 2. Hypothesis 2 * 3. Hypothesis 3 * C. Foreign Policy Interests and Military FDR Decisions * 1. Hypothesis 4 * 2. Hypothesis 5 * 3. Hypothesis 6 * 4. Hypothesis 7 * 5. Hypothesis 8 * 6. Hypothesis 9 * D. Domestic Politics and Military FDR Decisions * 1. Hypothesis 10 * 2. Hypothesis 11 * 3. Hypothesis 12 * E. Conclusion * IV. Case Selection, Methodology, and Findings * A. Introduction * B. Case Selection * C. Dependent Variable * D. Methodology * E. Findings * 1. Hypothesis 1 * 2. Hypothesis 2 * 3. Hypothesis 3 * 4. Hypothesis 4 * 5. Hypothesis 5 * 6. Hypothesis 6 * 7. Hypothesis 7 * 8. Hypothesis 8 * 9. Hypothesis 9 * 10. Hypothesis 10 * 11. Hypothesis 11 * 12. Hypothesis 12 * F. Conclusion * V. Conclusion * A. Findings * B. Implications * C. Policy Critique, Recommendations, and Future Research
Book Synopsis The Effect of Environment on Military Operations by : George Washington University
Download or read book The Effect of Environment on Military Operations written by George Washington University and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress report for an Army-sponsored research study by George Washington University to evaluate the impacts of environmental factors such as weather and terrain on troops, equipment, and operations in various theaters of World War II.
Book Synopsis How Should the Department of Defense Approach Environmental Security Implications of Climate Change by : Emanuel J. Cohan
Download or read book How Should the Department of Defense Approach Environmental Security Implications of Climate Change written by Emanuel J. Cohan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Security (ES) is a process for analyzing and responding to those environmental issues caused by anthropogenically driven environmental degradation. Climate change is a major ES threat having the potential to affect U.S. national security and thus has significant impact for the military national defense mission. This paper considers the most up-to-date climate change projections published by the IPCC, NASA, and the U.S. Global Change Program along with the latest national strategic guidance in order to determine actions required by the DoD. An overwhelming number of greenhouse models indicate considerable changes will affect U.S. national security during the mid 21st century. In addition, the study shows the DoD is currently at the onset of strategically organizing itself to analyze climate change impacts, provide combatant commanders with relevant mission preparedness information, and assess impacts to U.S. military installations of rising sea level/extreme weather events. Therefore, this study makes the following four recommendations: (1) ES must be a national security component, (2) DoD must establish an activity dedicated to develop ES related strategy, (3) Climate change data should be incorporated into a yearly Intelligence Environmental Estimate, (4) USJFCOM should take the lead in developing climate change related training scenarios.
Book Synopsis The Impacts of Climate Variations on Military Operations in the Horn of Africa by :
Download or read book The Impacts of Climate Variations on Military Operations in the Horn of Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Department of Defense (DoD) climatology products rely mainly on long term means (LTMs) of climate system variables. In this project, we have demonstrated that climatologies based on LTMs can be substantially improved using modern data and methods, especially by accounting for climate variations. We analyzed, and identified mechanisms for, enhanced (suppressed) autumn precipitation in the Horn of Africa (HOA) during El Nino (La Nina) events. El Nino (La Nina) precipitation anomalies were associated with anomalously warm (cool) western Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures, and with anomalously onshore (offshore) moisture transports in the HOA. These transport anomalies supported anomalously strong (weak) precipitation over the HOA. To improve climatological support for DoD operations, we developed and tested a six-step smart climatology process. We applied this process in the context of a notional, unclassified non-combatant evacuation operation (NEO) set in the HOA during autumn of an El Nino year. Using this process, we translated our scientific and operational findings into warfighter impacts. The smart climatology process we have developed is readily adaptable to other regions, seasons, climate variations, and military operations. We have provided a detailed description of our smart climatology process to facilitate its use by DoD agencies.
Book Synopsis Military Basing and Climate Change by : Catherine Foley
Download or read book Military Basing and Climate Change written by Catherine Foley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change not only affects our security through its impacts on the economy and our physical infrastructure (roads, bridges, airports, etc.); it also can also affect domestic and international military bases as flooding, drought and extreme weather events intensify. Physical changes to the environment may disrupt U.S. military capabilities and facilities, such as military training ranges or bases.
Book Synopsis The Impacts of Weather Forecasts on Military Operations by :
Download or read book The Impacts of Weather Forecasts on Military Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed, tested, and operationally implemented a web based system for collecting and analyzing in nearreal time weather forecast and observational data to assess: (a) the performance of forecasts; and (b) the operational impacts of forecasts. A major goal of the system is to quantify the impacts of weather forecasts on the planning, execution, and outcomes of military operations. Our tests and implementation were focused on the METOC support provided by Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Detachment (NPMOD) Fallon to Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center (NSAWC) operations at Naval Air Station Fallon. Data are collected by NPMOD Fallon and entered via a web interface into a database at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) where the data are analyzed and results are reported in near-real time. The results include quantitative assessments of: (1) forecasts used in planning NSAWC missions; (2) changes made during mission planning in response to forecasted weather; (3) deviations from mission plans that occurred in response to weather conditions actually encountered; (4) positive and negative impacts on missions due to forecasts; (5) METOC Tactical Decision Aid forecast accuracy and mission impacts; and (6) forecast performance and mission impacts with respect to specific weather factors.
Book Synopsis Incorporating the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change -- Guidebook by : Dewberry Engineers
Download or read book Incorporating the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change -- Guidebook written by Dewberry Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather events and a changing climate increasingly boost costs to transportation agencies and to the traveling public. While Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are taking into account changing climate and extreme weather when making infrastructure decisions, they typically are not using a formal set of tools or cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) to address climate resilience because they may be too time-consuming and expensive to conduct routinely. The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 938: Incorporating the Costs and Benefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change--Guidebook was developed to try to fill the gaps identified by DOTs. It is intended to provide a consolidated resource for transportation practitioners to be able to more readily consider CBAs as a tool in their investment-decision making processes when considering different climate and extreme weather adaptation alternatives. This report has additional resources, including a web-only document NCHRP Web-Only Document 271: Guidelines to Incorporate the Costs andBenefits of Adaptation Measures in Preparation for Extreme Weather Events and Climate Change, a Power Point presentation that describes the research and the results, a spreadsheet tool that provides an approximate test to see if it would be cost-effective to upgrade assets to the future conditions posed by climate change, and a spreadsheet tool that uses existing conditions without climate change only to calculate the new return period for future conditions with climate change.
