Organizing An Urban Way Of Life In The Steppe

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Organizing an Urban Way of Life in the Steppe

Author : Michael Würz
Publisher : Dr Ludwig Reichert
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Organizing an Urban Way of Life in the Steppe by : Michael Würz

Download or read book Organizing an Urban Way of Life in the Steppe written by Michael Würz and published by Dr Ludwig Reichert. This book was released on 2018 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the third volume in this series, "Organizing an Urban Way of Life in the Steppe" is looking to explore infrastructure, townscape and morphology of the settlement in a peripheral steppe area during early-islamic times. The work is based on more than ten years of archaeological fieldwork and explores the archaeology, geography, hydrology and history to reconstruct environment the town needed to exist. It will display how a provincial centre, in a peripheral area, was planned and built, how it functioned, how it evolved and finally was abandoned during early Islamic times. It also includes questions concerning site choice and economy or other agents of growth. A large part of the work is concerned with the natural surroundings and the most important prerequisite and integral piece of infrastructure - water. Water was and is the most valuable source in the region - a substantial motor for agricultural economies and technological and architectural achievements. The built environment and the urban form will be explored by mapping geophysics and matching those against archaeological results obtained during more than 10 field-seasons. The report on the largest feature, the fortification, is included in this volume. While likely founded earlier, Kharab Sayyar flourished during the Abbasid Era. Located in the steppe between Habur and Balikh it was surrounded by arable land and numerous smaller settlements. It was a waypoint, trading station, local market and administrative centre for this rural region - with a strong cultural link to the centres in the east. Let up in the tenth century AD it was not inhabited by settlers again until the 20th century - today the modern village and the ruins share the name.

The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Archaeology

Author : Bethany Walker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197507875
Total Pages : 793 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Archaeology by : Bethany Walker

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Archaeology written by Bethany Walker and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Born from the fields of Islamic art and architectural history, the archaeological study of the Islamic societies is a relatively young discipline. With its roots in the colonial periods of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, its rapid development since the 1980s warrants a reevaluation of where the field stands today. This Handbook represents for the first time a survey of Islamic archaeology on a global scale, describing its disciplinary development and offering candid critiques of the state of the field today in the Central Islamic Lands, the Islamic West, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia. The international contributors to the volume address such themes as the timing and process of Islamization, the problems of periodization and regionalism in material culture, cities and countryside, cultural hybridity, cultural and religious diversity, natural resource management, international trade in the later historical periods, and migration. Critical assessments of the ways in which archaeologists today engage with Islamic cultural heritage and local communities closes the volume, highlighting the ethical issues related to studying living cultures and religions. Richly illustrated, with extensive citations, it is the reference work on the debates that drive the field today.

Precious Steppe

Author : Ole Bruun
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739111159
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Precious Steppe by : Ole Bruun

Download or read book Precious Steppe written by Ole Bruun and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ole Bruun focuses on a community of nomadic livestock herders in present-day Mongolia. He depicts their transition from a contained, Soviet-era collective to modern times and addresses the most essential conditions for their continued survival and prosperity in the age of the market: the adaptability of their own culture and working strategies, government policy, and international attention. By studying the nomadic practice of animal husbandry in the context of family farms, Bruun points out the similarity to the peasant economy defined by the Russian agricultural economist Alexander Chayanov nearly a century ago. In both economies, the labor-consumer balance and life-cycle variations commonly set the term for economic strategies, yet the pastoral economy involves a highly specialized form of agriculture in which the scale of exchange determines wealth and lifestyle. In a vast territory such as Mongolia, infrastructure, social benefits, and other means of state support are crucial to prevent herders from sliding into a subsistence orientation, eventually leading to poverty.

The Avars

Author : Walter Pohl
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501729411
Total Pages : 651 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Avars by : Walter Pohl

Download or read book The Avars written by Walter Pohl and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-15 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Though the book was first published in German in 1988, this English version includes many revisions and updates and will be the definitive English-language study of the Avar empire for years to come. It will be invaluable for those interested in medieval history or in the impact of nomadic steppe empires on sedentary civilizations." ― Choice The Avars arrived in Europe from the Central Asian steppes in the mid-sixth century CE and dominated much of Central and Eastern Europe for almost 250 years. Fierce warriors and canny power brokers, the Avars were more influential and durable than Attila's Huns, yet have remained hidden in history. Walter Pohl's epic narrative, translated into English for the first time, restores them to their rightful place in the story of early medieval Europe. The Avars offers a comprehensive overview of their history, tracing the Avars from the construction of their steppe empire in the center of Europe; their wars and alliances with the Byzantines, Slavs, Lombards, and others; their apex as the first so-called barbarian power to besiege Constantinople (in 626); to their fall under the Frankish armies of Charlemagne and subsequent disappearance as a distinct cultural group. Pohl uncovers the secrets of their society, synthesizing the rich archaeological record recovered from more than 60,000 graves of the period, as well as accounts of the Avars by Byzantine and other chroniclers. In recovering the story of the fascinating encounter between Eurasian nomads who established an empire in the heart of Europe and the post-Roman Christian cultures of Europe, this book provides a new perspective on the origins of medieval Europe itself.

Shadow Empires

Author : Thomas J. Barfield
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691181632
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Shadow Empires by : Thomas J. Barfield

Download or read book Shadow Empires written by Thomas J. Barfield and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-10-17 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An original study of empire creation and its consequences, from ancient through early modern times The world’s first great empires established by the ancient Persians, Chinese, and Romans are well known, but not the empires that emerged on their margins in response to them over the course of 2,500 years. These counterempires or shadow empires, which changed the course of history, include the imperial nomad confederacies that arose in Mongolia and extorted resources from China rather than attempting to conquer it, as well as maritime empires such as ancient Athens that controlled trade without seeking territorial hegemony. In Shadow Empires, Thomas Barfield identifies seven kinds of counterempire and explores their rise, politics, economics, and longevity. What all these counterempires had in common was their interactions with existing empires that created the conditions for their development. When highly successful, these counterempires left the shadows to become the world’s largest empires—for example, those of the medieval Muslim Arabs and of the Mongol heirs of Chinggis Khan. Three former shadow empires—Manchu Qing China, Tsarist Russia, and British India—made this transformation in the late eighteenth century and came to rule most of Eurasia. However, the DNA of their origins endured in their unique ruling strategies. Indeed, world powers still use these strategies today, long after their roots in shadow empires have been forgotten. Looking afresh at the histories of important types of empires that are often ignored, Shadow Empires provides an original account of empire formation from the ancient world to the early modern period.

The Bulgars and the Steppe Empire in the Early Middle Ages

Author : Tsvetelin Stepanov
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9047444523
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bulgars and the Steppe Empire in the Early Middle Ages by : Tsvetelin Stepanov

Download or read book The Bulgars and the Steppe Empire in the Early Middle Ages written by Tsvetelin Stepanov and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representing the different images, 'names', and 'faces' of the 'Other' in the Eurasian Steppes during the period between the sixth and ninth/tenth centuries, this book broadens the scholars' views on nomads' life and mentalities.

Walls

Author : David Frye
Publisher : Scribner
ISBN 13 : 1501172719
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Walls by : David Frye

Download or read book Walls written by David Frye and published by Scribner. This book was released on 2019-08-27 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A lively popular history of an oft-overlooked element in the development of human society” (Library Journal)—walls—and a haunting and eye-opening saga that reveals a startling link between what we build and how we live. With esteemed historian David Frye as our raconteur-guide in Walls, which Publishers Weekly praises as “informative, relevant, and thought-provoking,” we journey back to a time before barriers of brick and stone even existed—to an era in which nomadic tribes vied for scarce resources, and each man was bred to a life of struggle. Ultimately, those same men would create edifices of mud, brick, and stone, and with them effectively divide humanity: on one side were those the walls protected; on the other, those the walls kept out. The stars of this narrative are the walls themselves—rising up in places as ancient and exotic as Mesopotamia, Babylon, Greece, China, Rome, Mongolia, Afghanistan, the lower Mississippi, and even Central America. As we journey across time and place, we discover a hidden, thousand-mile-long wall in Asia's steppes; learn of bizarre Spartan rituals; watch Mongol chieftains lead their miles-long hordes; witness the epic siege of Constantinople; chill at the fate of French explorers; marvel at the folly of the Maginot Line; tense at the gathering crisis in Cold War Berlin; gape at Hollywood’s gated royalty; and contemplate the wall mania of our own era. Hailed by Kirkus Reviews as “provocative, well-written, and—with walls rising everywhere on the planet—timely,” Walls gradually reveals the startling ways that barriers have affected our psyches. The questions this book summons are both intriguing and profound: Did walls make civilization possible? And can we live without them? Find out in this masterpiece of historical recovery and preeminent storytelling.

Empires of the Steppes

Author : Kenneth W. Harl
Publisher : Harlequin
ISBN 13 : 036972268X
Total Pages : 695 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (697 download)

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Book Synopsis Empires of the Steppes by : Kenneth W. Harl

Download or read book Empires of the Steppes written by Kenneth W. Harl and published by Harlequin. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A narrative history of how Attila, Genghis Khan and the so-called barbarians of the steppes shaped world civilization. The barbarian nomads of the Eurasian steppes have played a decisive role in world history, but their achievements have gone largely unnoticed. These nomadic tribes have produced some of the world’s greatest conquerors: Attila the Hun, Genghis Khan and Tamerlane, among others. Their deeds still resonate today. Indeed, these nomads built long-lasting empires, facilitated the first global trade of the Silk Road and disseminated religions, technology, knowledge and goods of every description that enriched and changed the lives of so many across Europe, China and the Middle East. From a single region emerged a great many peoples—the Huns, the Mongols, the Magyars, the Turks, the Xiongnu, the Scythians, the Goths—all of whom went on to profoundly and irrevocably shape the modern world. In this new, comprehensive history, Professor Kenneth W. Harl vividly re-creates the lives and world of these often-forgotten peoples from their beginnings to the early modern age. Their brutal struggle to survive on the steppes bred a resilient, pragmatic people ever ready to learn from their more advanced neighbors. In warfare, they dominated the battlefield for over fifteen hundred years. Under charismatic rulers, they could topple empires and win their own.

Where Do Cities Come From and Where Are They Going To? Modelling Past and Present Agglomerations to Understand Urban Ways of Life

Author : Francesca Fulminante
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889664236
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Where Do Cities Come From and Where Are They Going To? Modelling Past and Present Agglomerations to Understand Urban Ways of Life by : Francesca Fulminante

Download or read book Where Do Cities Come From and Where Are They Going To? Modelling Past and Present Agglomerations to Understand Urban Ways of Life written by Francesca Fulminante and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-25 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, there has been a surge of interest in urbanization and economic development, sparked by the realization that making urban life sustainable is one of the greatest challenges facing us in the 21st century (this is now one of the core sustainable development goals of the United Nations). This has exerted considerable pressure on researchers to come up with more scientific ways of studying urbanism and economic activity over the long run, which has resulted not only in the development of new theoretical frameworks, but also in the collection of vast amounts of data from a range of settings. This has led to the realization that, although there are significant differences between settlements in different settings, there are nonetheless important regularities and commonalities between a diverse group of settlements in range of geographical and historical contexts, including both ancient and modern ones. This suggests that a common feature of settlements is their ability to generate increased social connectivity, greater division of labour and specialization, and enhanced technological invention and innovation, albeit with costs to levels of equality, quality of life, and standards of living, as well as impacts on the environment, which cannot be separated from the emergence of confederations and states and the creation of settlement systems, hierarchies and networks. We believe that this field of enquiry now stands at a critical juncture. Although it is now feasible to talk about many aspects of ancient and modern urbanism with relative confidence, such as the numbers of cities or their sizes, much of the discussion of these themes within historical and archaeological circles has been on a discursive or qualitative level, while it is often difficult to harmonize the different models that have been applied to date into a consistent empirical and theoretical framework. A new approach to settlements throughout different contexts should now be within our grasp, however, thanks to both the ease with which information can be disseminated and the facilities that recent developments in IT offer us to model, analyse, and statistically test data.

The Forgotten Frontier

Author : Andrew C. Hess
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226330303
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forgotten Frontier by : Andrew C. Hess

Download or read book The Forgotten Frontier written by Andrew C. Hess and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixteenth-century Mediterranean witnessed the expansion of both European and Middle Eastern civilizations, under the guises of the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman empire. Here, Andrew C. Hess considers the relations between these two dynasties in light of the social, economic, and political affairs at the frontiers between North Africa and the Iberian peninsula.

Meetings of Cultures in the Black Sea Region

Author : Jane Hjarl Petersen Pia Guldager Bilde
Publisher : Aarhus Universitetsforlag
ISBN 13 : 8779346545
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (793 download)

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Book Synopsis Meetings of Cultures in the Black Sea Region by : Jane Hjarl Petersen Pia Guldager Bilde

Download or read book Meetings of Cultures in the Black Sea Region written by Jane Hjarl Petersen Pia Guldager Bilde and published by Aarhus Universitetsforlag. This book was released on 2008-06-16 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a theme, Meetings of Cultures in the Black Sea Region: Between Conflict and Coexistence arouses strong feelings. From the remotest Antiquity, the indigenous and nomadic non-Greek populations of the Pontic region were persistently viewed as one of the major Others, first of all by Mediterranean Greeks. And because the region geographically was located as a bridge between Europe and Asia it was, and still is, also part of a Europe/Asia discourse of dichotomy. As far back in time as Antiquity Western self-understanding and identity formation has been shaped not least through its colonial experiences. Until recently, such colonial experience has led to a very static picture in our analysis of colonial encounters. However, as a result of post-colonialism, post-modernism and now globalization our conception of colonization has undergone a rapid and far-reaching conceptual change. Gone are the days when the Black Sea region was seen as a sea of barbarian wilds enlightened by small flicks of Greek civilization along the coast. Settling the Black Sea region was a challenge for the Greeks. Compared with the Mediterranean, this happened relatively late, and the attempt of settling the land was not always equally successful. In fact, frequently the power balance was in favour of the indigenous population. Nevertheless, the cultivation of the land and the establishment of exchange systems must have been beneficial for all participants in the exchange network. In this volume, the acts of an international, interdisciplinary conference held at Sandbjerg Manor House, Denmark in January 2006 are published. 19 contributions by scholars from Denmark, France, Georgia, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Russia, and Ukraine give a profound discussion of various topics such as the physical arena of the colonial encounters as spaces of identity; the layout of land and protection of cities; the dynamics of the cultural exchange; the perception of how it was to be Greek in the Pontic realm, and finally the reciprocal strategies exerted by the Greeks and Scythians in Olbia as described in Herodotos' Fourth Book of his Histories. Through the many-sided contributions it is also revealed, how self and other is two sides of the same coin - yesterday, today and, tomorrow.

The Harvard Dictionary of Music

Author : Don Michael Randel
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674417992
Total Pages : 1008 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis The Harvard Dictionary of Music by : Don Michael Randel

Download or read book The Harvard Dictionary of Music written by Don Michael Randel and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic reference work, the best one-volume music dictionary available, has been brought completely up to date in this new edition. Combining authoritative scholarship and lucid, lively prose, the Fourth Edition of The Harvard Dictionary of Music is the essential guide for musicians, students, and everyone who appreciates music.

Russia

Author : Egor Timurovich Gaĭdar
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262017415
Total Pages : 563 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Russia by : Egor Timurovich Gaĭdar

Download or read book Russia written by Egor Timurovich Gaĭdar and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important Russian economist and politician takes a long view of economic history and Russia's development.

The Modernization of Inner Asia

Author : Cyril Edwin Black
Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
ISBN 13 : 9780873327794
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (277 download)

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Book Synopsis The Modernization of Inner Asia by : Cyril Edwin Black

Download or read book The Modernization of Inner Asia written by Cyril Edwin Black and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1991 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inner Asia - in premodern times the little-known land of nomads and semi-nomads - has moved to the world's front page in the 20th century as the complex struggles for the future of Afghanistan, Soviet Central Asia, Tibet and other territories make clear. But because Inner Asia as a whole is divided among several states politically and among area specialists academically, broad perspectives on recent events are difficult to find. This work treats the region as a single unit, providing both an account of the region's past and an analysis of its present and its prospects in a thematic, rather than a strictly country-by-country manner.

Central Asia and the Silk Road

Author : Stephan Barisitz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319512137
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Central Asia and the Silk Road by : Stephan Barisitz

Download or read book Central Asia and the Silk Road written by Stephan Barisitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of the pre-modern economic history of Central Asia and the Silk Road, covering several millennia. By analyzing an abundance of sources and materials, it illustrates the repeated economic heydays of the Silk Road, during which it linked the Orient and Occident for many centuries. Nomadic steppe empires frequently dominated Central Asia, molded its economy and influenced trade along the Silk Road. The book assesses the causes and effects of the wide-ranging overland trade booms, while also discussing various internal and external factors that led to the gradual economic decline of Central Asia and eventual demise of the Silk Road. Lastly, it explains how the economic decline gave rise to Chinese and Russian colonialism in the 18th and 19th centuries. Detailed information, e.g. on the Silk Road’s trajectories in various epochs, is offered in the form of numerous newly drafted maps.

The Early State, Its Alternatives and Analogues

Author : Leonid Grinin
Publisher : ООО "Издательство "Учитель"
ISBN 13 : 5705705476
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis The Early State, Its Alternatives and Analogues by : Leonid Grinin

Download or read book The Early State, Its Alternatives and Analogues written by Leonid Grinin and published by ООО "Издательство "Учитель". This book was released on 2004-05-20 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues of formation and evolution of the early (archaic) state continue to remain among those problems which have not found generally accepted solutions yet. New research shows more and more clearly that pathways to statehood and early state types were numerous. On the other hand, research has detected such directions of sociocultural evolution, which do not lead to state formation at all, whereas within certain evolutionary patterns transition to statehood takes place on levels of complexity far exceeding the ones indicated by conventional evolutionist schemes. Contributors to The Early State, Its Alternatives and Analogues represent both traditional and non-traditional points of view on evolution of statehood. However, the data presented in the volume seem to demonstrate in a fairly convincing manner a great diversity of pathways to statehood, as well as non-universality of transformation into states of complex and even supercomplex societies.

Water and Power in Past Societies

Author : Emily Holt
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 143846875X
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Water and Power in Past Societies by : Emily Holt

Download or read book Water and Power in Past Societies written by Emily Holt and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the many ways water has contributed to power structures in the past, with insights for contemporary water management. Water, an essential resource in all cultures, is at the heart of human power structures. Utilizing a diverse range of theoretical perspectives, the contributors to Water and Power in Past Societies provide a broad introduction to the archaeology of water-related power structures. The studies herein explore the long history of water politics in human society, offering new insights into the power structures and inequalities surrounding irrigation systems, the collection of rainwater as a component of ancient industrial production, and sea water as a facilitator of communication, trade, and aggression. In addition to examining the role of different types of water in creating power relationships, the volume presents case studies from a variety of climatic regions, ranging from the very dry to the tropical. This geographical breadth facilitates cross-cultural comparison, making Water and Power in Past Societies an essential resource for instructors and students of the archaeology of water. Finally, in addition to reaching conclusions with significant implications for archaeologists and anthropologists, the volume has real contemporary relevance, often drawing explicit parallels with issues of current and future water management.