Optimizing Outcomes for Liver and Pancreas Surgery

Download Optimizing Outcomes for Liver and Pancreas Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319626248
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Optimizing Outcomes for Liver and Pancreas Surgery by : Flavio G. Rocha

Download or read book Optimizing Outcomes for Liver and Pancreas Surgery written by Flavio G. Rocha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to present a practical and evidence-based approach to liver and pancreas surgery that will provide both experienced and novice surgeons as well as surgical trainees a resource for optimizing their outcomes. The entire perioperative spectrum of care is addressed in chapters written by an international panel of experts in the field. Initial sections discuss preoperative assessment and intervention, fluid management, and perioperative pain control. Subsequent chapters focus on the specific aspects of operative approach and technique, including minimally invasive surgery, fluid management, parenchymal transection, and use of drains, tubes and stents. The text concludes with chapters on perioperative pain control, management of complications as well as the role of enhanced recovery pathways. A brief review of the existing literature addressing the particular topic follows in each section. Extensive illustrations, figures, and tables provide reinforcement to the educational content. Optimizing Outcomes for Liver and Pancreas Surgery will provide readers an easy to reference guide with easily accessible text and visual aids.

Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book

Download Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1455746061
Total Pages : 2302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (557 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book by : William R. Jarnagin

Download or read book Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book written by William R. Jarnagin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-03-09 with total page 2302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and complete, Blumgart’s Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract – edited by Dr. William R. Jarnagin and a team of experts- delivers the comprehensive, cutting-edge guidance you need to achieve optimal outcomes in surgery of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Edited by a panel of experts and featuring contributions by many leading authorities, this 2-volume reference brings you the latest information on pathology, diagnostics, surgery, and non-operative intervention all in one source. At www.expertconsult.com you can not only access the complete contents online, but also an abundance of detailed illustrations and step-by-step procedural video clips from the Memorial Sloan Kettering video library that show you how to perform key procedures step by step. Glean all essential, up-to-date, need-to-know information in one comprehensive reference that provides extensive coverage of pathology, diagnostics, surgery, and non-operative intervention as well as hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. Deepen your understanding of surgical anatomy to help with diagnosis, surgical operation, interventional radiology, and endoscopy. See how to perform key procedures by watching operative videos from the Memorial Sloan Kettering video library. Apply the most advanced diagnostic and management options for each disease, including interventional techniques. Stay current with the latest knowledge and advancements including minimally invasive techniques in hepatic resection; surgical considerations for congenital disorders of the pancreas; non-surgical therapies for pancreatic cancer; microwave ablation and other emerging technologies; the most recent developments in the rapidly changing area of transplantation; and the newest best practices in pre- and post-operative care and blood transfusion. Get in-depth coverage of the pancreas from the only fully comprehensive text on both hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. Learn from the very best. Rely on the trusted guidance of experts, with a fresh perspective from senior editor, Dr. William Jarnigan, who has earned a national and international reputation in the surgical management of diseases of the biliary tract. Access the full text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with image and video libraries, tables, figures, and more! Over 200 additional contributing experts. A single, comprehensive reference that covers pathology, diagnostics, surgery, and non-operative intervention all in one text!

Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery

Download Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118781147
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery by : Claudius Conrad

Download or read book Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery written by Claudius Conrad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-07 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Surgery: Textbook and Illustrated Video Atlas is the perfect learning tool for all surgeons managing patients requiring advanced liver, pancreas and biliary surgery minimally invasively. This highly immersive text and video atlas will provide surgeons from trainee to advanced levels of practice, including, general surgeons, hepato-pacreatico-biliary surgeons, transplant surgeons and surgical oncologists, with a step-by-step, multi-media teaching atlas on performing laparoscopic liver surgery, anatomically correct, safely and effectively. The atlas will teach the surgeons to perform anatomic liver resections of each liver segment expertly and logically, and will cover lobectomies, extended resections, advanced laparoscopic pancreas surgery (including Whipple) and other procedures. A special emphasis is placed on reproducibility of excellence in surgical technique. Each video will be supported by outstanding illustrations for each technique and 3D renderings of the relevant anatomy. The educational step-by step high-definition videos teach everything you need to know, including critical aspects like patient positioning, port placement, dissection and much more. Led by the pioneers in laparoscopic liver, pancreas and biliary surgery, Brice Gayet and Claudius Conrad, the textbook-chapters will be authored by world experts and will contain surgical tips and tricks garnered from their unique experiences, to improve care, management of complications, relevant society guidelines and excellence in oncologic care for patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary cancers.

Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery

Download Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0702084581
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery by : Rowan W Parks

Download or read book Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery written by Rowan W Parks and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery provides a short, up-to-date and practical reference guide for surgical trainees and established consultants needing a refresher. The seventh edition has been edited and fully revised by respected experts in their fields, and provides a full list of current references and relevant resources. It covers the breadth of surgery of the liver, biliary system and pancreas, including perioperative care, the biology of hepatobiliary cancers, and transplantation. This volume is part of the Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice series, the pre-eminent reference for trainees in general surgery and those preparing for the FRCS examinations. Each volume summarises key issues within each surgical sub-specialty and provides evidence-based recommendations to support practice. Concise and easy to follow – ideal for exam revision or as a refresher aid Fully updated with latest evidence on recent developments, management issues and operative procedures Complete contemporary information on the investigation, diagnosis and management of hepatobiliary diseases High quality illustrations to highlight key areas Details of relevant investigations and evidence-based recommendations to support practice Key references to support content, plus a comprehensive list of references in the accompanying eBook Links to recommended online videos for further learning New chapters on perioperative care in hepatobiliary surgery and on the biology of hepatobiliary cancers All chapters significantly revised and updated

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery

Download Enhanced Recovery After Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030334430
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Enhanced Recovery After Surgery by : Olle Ljungqvist

Download or read book Enhanced Recovery After Surgery written by Olle Ljungqvist and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-30 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first comprehensive, authoritative reference that provides a broad and comprehensive overview of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS). Written by experts in the field, chapters analyze elements of care that are both generic and specific to various surgeries. It covers the patient journey through such a program, commencing with optimization of the patient’s condition, patient education, and conditioning of their expectations. Organized into nine parts, this book discusses metabolic responses to surgery, anaesthetic contributions, and optimal fluid management after surgery. Chapters are supplemented with examples of ERAS pathways and practical tips on post-operative pain control, feeding, mobilization, and criteria for discharge. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: A Complete Guide to Optimizing Outcomes is an indispensable manual that thoroughly explores common post-operative barriers and challenges.

Staging Laparoscopy

Download Staging Laparoscopy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642562906
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Staging Laparoscopy by : P. Hohenberger

Download or read book Staging Laparoscopy written by P. Hohenberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Included here is a discussion of the pathophysiological aspects and risks of laparoscopic staging (such as trocar metastases) on the basis of international experience.

Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set - E-Book

Download Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set - E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323697852
Total Pages : 2486 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (236 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set - E-Book by : William R. Jarnagin

Download or read book Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 2-Volume Set - E-Book written by William R. Jarnagin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2022-09-13 with total page 2486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Balancing basic science with information on everyday clinical practice, Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas, 7th Edition, provides you with expert guidance and advances in the field so you can offer patients the most optimal diagnostic and surgical care. In two convenient volumes, Dr. William Jarnagin and his team of internationally recognized surgeons cover exactly what you need to know, including advances in diagnostic and surgical techniques, minimally invasive surgeries, new interventional diagnostic techniques, and all relevant diseases. This comprehensive, practical reference is designed to help you choose and perform the most appropriate procedures that will minimize inpatient hospital time, curtail costs, and reduce overall recovery time for your patients. Presents cutting-edge guidance on pathology, diagnostics, surgery and non-operative intervention of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas in one highly regarded, authoritative reference. Covers all surgical approaches, both open and minimally invasive. Considers all worldwide opinions and approaches to management, and includes key data on surgical outcomes to better inform clinical decision-making. Contains 161 chapters with updated references and additional figures—more than 1,500 illustrations in all. The imaging section has been reorganized to reflect a disease-based approach. Includes new and expanded sections on advances in molecular characterization of benign and malignant HPB diseases, perioperative management, interventional techniques, minimally invasive surgery and robotics, and therapeutic advances for malignant disease. Features a section dedicated entirely to operative technique, plus a new historical chapter authored by Professor Jacques Belghitti: “Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery: Historical Perspective.

Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book

Download Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323340873
Total Pages : 2520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book by : William R. Jarnagin

Download or read book Blumgart's Surgery of the Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Tract E-Book written by William R. Jarnagin and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-10-10 with total page 2520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively revised with new illustrations, new clinical photos, this classic text remains the most comprehensive and up-to-date resource on surgery of the hepatobiliary and pancreatic region. Dr. William Jarnagin and his team of internationally recognized surgeons continue the Blumgart’s tradition of excellence, bringing you the latest advances in diagnostic and surgical techniques. You’ll find updates on the newest minimally invasive surgeries, new interventional diagnostic techniques, and complete coverage of all relevant diseases, including those seen in the tropics. Considers all worldwide opinions and approaches to management, and includes key data on surgical outcomes to better inform your clinical decision-making. Covers exactly what you need to know, balancing basic science with information on clinical practice. Presents cutting edge guidance on pathology, diagnostics, surgery and non-operative intervention of the liver, biliary tract, and pancreas in a single, comprehensive reference. Covers the most recent non-surgical therapies for pancreatic cancer, microwave ablation, and other emerging technologies. Brings you up to date with recent developments in transplantation, minimally invasive surgery, percutaneous devices, pre- and post-care, blood transfusion, and surgical techniques for the spleen. Features an extensively revised art and illustration program, with new anatomical line drawings (including hundreds now in color), more than 750 new clinical photos, more schematic diagrams that summarize information, and new graphs and algorithms throughout.

Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery, Textbook and Illustrated Video Atlas

Download Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery, Textbook and Illustrated Video Atlas PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118781171
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery, Textbook and Illustrated Video Atlas by : Claudius Conrad

Download or read book Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Surgery, Textbook and Illustrated Video Atlas written by Claudius Conrad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laparoscopic Liver, Pancreas and Biliary Surgery: Textbook and Illustrated Video Atlas is the perfect learning tool for all surgeons managing patients requiring advanced liver, pancreas and biliary surgery minimally invasively. This highly immersive text and video atlas will provide surgeons from trainee to advanced levels of practice, including, general surgeons, hepato-pacreatico-biliary surgeons, transplant surgeons and surgical oncologists, with a step-by-step, multi-media teaching atlas on performing laparoscopic liver surgery, anatomically correct, safely and effectively. The atlas will teach the surgeons to perform anatomic liver resections of each liver segment expertly and logically, and will cover lobectomies, extended resections, advanced laparoscopic pancreas surgery (including Whipple) and other procedures. A special emphasis is placed on reproducibility of excellence in surgical technique. Each video will be supported by outstanding illustrations for each technique and 3D renderings of the relevant anatomy. The educational step-by step high-definition videos teach everything you need to know, including critical aspects like patient positioning, port placement, dissection and much more. Led by the pioneers in laparoscopic liver, pancreas and biliary surgery, Brice Gayet and Claudius Conrad, the textbook-chapters will be authored by world experts and will contain surgical tips and tricks garnered from their unique experiences, to improve care, management of complications, relevant society guidelines and excellence in oncologic care for patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary cancers.

Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery

Download Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Beaux Books Publishing, LLC
ISBN 13 : 0997772182
Total Pages : 1352 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (977 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery by : Quyen D Chu

Download or read book Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery written by Quyen D Chu and published by Beaux Books Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 1352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique textbook provides a concise and practical approach to clinical dilemmas involving the liver, pancreas, and biliary tree. Six major sections encompass (1) Hepatic, (2) Biliary, (3) Pancreas, (4) Transplantation, (5) Trauma, and (6) Innovative Technology. Each topic is written by recognized experts from an "e;experiential"e; viewpoint combined with evidence-based medicine. The book contains over 170 chapters and over 350 contributors. It is relevant to Surgical Oncologists, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) Surgeons, Transplant Surgeons, Traumatologists, HPB Interventionalists, General Surgeons, and trainees and students. The title of each chapter is in a form of a clinical scenario and each chapter begins with a Case Scenario and ends with Salient Points. Special debates are included in each section. There are numerous compelling images, detailed illustrations, comprehensive tables, thorough algorithms, and other adjunctive tools that enhance learning. The authors emanate from different corners of the world. The book is a valuable resource for faculty, students, surgical trainees, fellows, and all health care providers in the HPB/Trauma/Transplant/Oncology fields.

Biliary Surgery

Download Biliary Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Georg Thieme Verlag
ISBN 13 : 9783137572015
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (72 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Biliary Surgery by : Volker Schumpelick

Download or read book Biliary Surgery written by Volker Schumpelick and published by Georg Thieme Verlag. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Operative Techniques in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery

Download Operative Techniques in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1975176596
Total Pages : 1014 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (751 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Operative Techniques in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery by : Steven J. Hughes

Download or read book Operative Techniques in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery written by Steven J. Hughes and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2023-02-23 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on the “hows and whys” of contemporary surgery, Operative Techniques in Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Second Edition, features concise, bulleted text, full-color illustrations, and intraoperative photographs to clarify exactly what to look for and how to proceed. Drawn from the larger Operative Techniques in Surgery, Second Edition, this concise, stand-alone surgical atlas, overseen by editor-in-chief Mary T. Hawn and meticulously edited by Dr. Steven J. Hughes, focuses on the steps of each technique, rapidly directing you to the information you need to choose the right approach for each patient, perform it successfully, and achieve the best possible results.

Operative Techniques in Surgery

Download Operative Techniques in Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1975176472
Total Pages : 6900 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (751 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Operative Techniques in Surgery by : Mary Hawn

Download or read book Operative Techniques in Surgery written by Mary Hawn and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 6900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on the “how and why” of contemporary surgery, Operative Techniques in Surgery, Second Edition, features concise, bulleted text, full-color illustrations, and intraoperative photographs to clarify exactly what to look for and how to proceed. Meticulously edited by Drs. Mary T. Hawn, Aurora D. Pryor, Steven J. Hughes, Michael S. Sabel, Kellie R. Brown and Amy J. Goldberg, this comprehensive, two-volume surgical atlas focuses on the steps of each technique, rapidly directing you to the information you need to choose the right approach for each patient, perform it successfully, and achieve the best possible results.

Perioperative optimization of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery

Download Perioperative optimization of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832519512
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Perioperative optimization of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery by : Xiaodong Tian

Download or read book Perioperative optimization of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery written by Xiaodong Tian and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hepatobiliary Surgery

Download Hepatobiliary Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498712940
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hepatobiliary Surgery by : Ronald S. Chamberlain

Download or read book Hepatobiliary Surgery written by Ronald S. Chamberlain and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written as a reference and guidebook for practicing surgeons, gastroenterologists, and interventional radiologists with an interest in hepatobiliary diseases. It presents a strategy to enhance surgeons practice and the care of patients.

Operative Standards for Cancer Surgery

Download Operative Standards for Cancer Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1496320387
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (963 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Operative Standards for Cancer Surgery by : American College of Surgeons Clinical Research Program

Download or read book Operative Standards for Cancer Surgery written by American College of Surgeons Clinical Research Program and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2015-05-28 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented by the American College of Surgeons and the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, the first comprehensive, evidence-based examination of cancer surgery techniques as standards distills the well-defined protocols and techniques that are critical to achieve optimal outcomes in a cancer operation. This unique, one of a kind collaboration between the American College of Surgeons and the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology focuses on best practices and state-of-the-art methodologies. Operative Standards for Cancer Surgery clearly describes the surgical activities that occur between skin incision and skin closure that directly affect cancer outcomes.

Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery

Download Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1469873508
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (698 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery by : Nicholas J. Zyromski

Download or read book Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery written by Nicholas J. Zyromski and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2014-09-09 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehesive but succinct overview of medical and surgical management of diseases of the liver, pancreas, and biliary tree. It includes imaging of the pancreas and hepatobiliary system as well. Open and minimally invasive surgical management techniques are covered. Coverage includes pancreatic cancer and cysts, pancreatitis, complications of panreatic surgery, ultrasound for liver disease, cirrhosis and portal hypertension, neuroendocrine and colorectal metastases to the liver, gallstones, cholesystitis, infections in biliary surgery, and more. Target markets include surgical residents, surgical nurses, beginning fellows in HPB training programs. There may also be some uptake from gastroenterologists.