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Optimal Path And Trajectory Planning For Serial Robots
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Book Synopsis Optimal Path and Trajectory Planning for Serial Robots by : Alexander Reiter
Download or read book Optimal Path and Trajectory Planning for Serial Robots written by Alexander Reiter and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alexander Reiter describes optimal path and trajectory planning for serial robots in general, and rigorously treats the challenging application of path tracking for kinematically redundant manipulators therein in particular. This is facilitated by resolving both the path tracking task and the optimal inverse kinematics problem simultaneously. Furthermore, the author presents methods for fast computation of approximate optimal solutions to planning problems with changing parameters. With an optimal solution to a nominal problem, an iterative process based on parametric sensitivities is applied to rapidly obtain an approximate solution. About the Author: Dr. Alexander Reiter is a senior scientist at the Institute of Robotics of the Johannes Kepler University (JKU) Linz, Austria. His major fields of research are kinematics, dynamics, and trajectory planning for kinematically redundant serial robots as well as real-time methods for solving parametric non-linear programming problems.
Book Synopsis Time-Optimal Trajectory Planning for Redundant Robots by : Alexander Reiter
Download or read book Time-Optimal Trajectory Planning for Redundant Robots written by Alexander Reiter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-11 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This master’s thesis presents a novel approach to finding trajectories with minimal end time for kinematically redundant manipulators. Emphasis is given to a general applicability of the developed method to industrial tasks such as gluing or welding. Minimum-time trajectories may yield economic advantages as a shorter trajectory duration results in a lower task cycle time. Whereas kinematically redundant manipulators possess increased dexterity, compared to conventional non-redundant manipulators, their inverse kinematics is not unique and requires further treatment. In this work a joint space decomposition approach is introduced that takes advantage of the closed form inverse kinematics solution of non-redundant robots. Kinematic redundancy can be fully exploited to achieve minimum-time trajectories for prescribed end-effector paths.
Book Synopsis Trajectory Planning for Automatic Machines and Robots by : Luigi Biagiotti
Download or read book Trajectory Planning for Automatic Machines and Robots written by Luigi Biagiotti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-23 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the problems related to planning motion laws and t- jectories for the actuation system of automatic machines, in particular for those based on electric drives, and robots. The problem of planning suitable trajectories is relevant not only for the proper use of these machines, in order to avoid undesired e?ects such as vibrations or even damages on the mech- ical structure, but also in some phases of their design and in the choice and sizing of the actuators. This is particularly true now that the concept of “el- tronic cams” has replaced, in the design of automatic machines, the classical approach based on “mechanical cams”. The choice of a particular trajectory has direct and relevant implications on several aspects of the design and use of an automatic machine, like the dimensioning of the actuators and of the reduction gears, the vibrations and e?orts generated on the machine and on the load, the tracking errors during the motion execution. For these reasons, in order to understand and appreciate the peculiarities of the di?erent techniques available for trajectory planning, besides the ma- ematical aspects of their implementation also a detailed analysis in the time and frequency domains, a comparison of their main properties under di?erent points of view, and general considerations related to their practical use are reported.
Book Synopsis Optimal Trajectory Planning of Robotic Manipulators by : Sunil Kumar Singh
Download or read book Optimal Trajectory Planning of Robotic Manipulators written by Sunil Kumar Singh and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Time-optimal Trajectory Planning by Variation of Path and Robot Location by : Barry Boaz Groman
Download or read book Time-optimal Trajectory Planning by Variation of Path and Robot Location written by Barry Boaz Groman and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern Robotics written by Kevin M. Lynch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modern and unified treatment of the mechanics, planning, and control of robots, suitable for a first course in robotics.
Book Synopsis Motion and Operation Planning of Robotic Systems by : Giuseppe Carbone
Download or read book Motion and Operation Planning of Robotic Systems written by Giuseppe Carbone and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the broad multi-disciplinary topic of robotics, and presents the basic techniques for motion and operation planning in robotics systems. Gathering contributions from experts in diverse and wide ranging fields, it offers an overview of the most recent and cutting-edge practical applications of these methodologies. It covers both theoretical and practical approaches, and elucidates the transition from theory to implementation. An extensive analysis is provided, including humanoids, manipulators, aerial robots and ground mobile robots. ‘Motion and Operation Planning of Robotic Systems’ addresses the following topics: *The theoretical background of robotics. *Application of motion planning techniques to manipulators, such as serial and parallel manipulators. *Mobile robots planning, including robotic applications related to aerial robots, large scale robots and traditional wheeled robots. *Motion planning for humanoid robots. An invaluable reference text for graduate students and researchers in robotics, this book is also intended for researchers studying robotics control design, user interfaces, modelling, simulation, sensors, humanoid robotics.
Author :Jean-Daniel Boissonnat Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9783540404767 Total Pages :600 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (47 download)
Book Synopsis Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics V by : Jean-Daniel Boissonnat
Download or read book Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics V written by Jean-Daniel Boissonnat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-09-11 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected contributions to the Workshop WAFR 2002, held December 15-17, 2002, Nice, France. This fifth biannual Workshop on Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics focuses on algorithmic issues related to robotics and automation. The design and analysis of robot algorithms raises fundamental questions in computer science, computational geometry, mechanical modeling, operations research, control theory, and associated fields. The highly selective program highlights significant new results such as algorithmic models and complexity bounds. The validation of algorithms, design concepts, or techniques is the common thread running through this focused collection.
Book Synopsis Trajectory Planning for Coordinated Motion of a Robot and a Positioning Table Along Smooth and Sharp Cornered Paths by : Musa Khalil Jouaneh
Download or read book Trajectory Planning for Coordinated Motion of a Robot and a Positioning Table Along Smooth and Sharp Cornered Paths written by Musa Khalil Jouaneh and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On the Time-optimal Trajectory Planning Along Predetermined Geometric Paths and Optimal Control Synthesis for Trajectory Tracking of Robot Manipulators by : Pedro Reynoso Mora
Download or read book On the Time-optimal Trajectory Planning Along Predetermined Geometric Paths and Optimal Control Synthesis for Trajectory Tracking of Robot Manipulators written by Pedro Reynoso Mora and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we study two important subjects in robotics: (i) time-optimal trajectory planning, and (ii) optimal control synthesis methodologies for trajectory tracking. In the first subject, we concentrate on a rather specific sub-class of problems, the time-optimal trajectory planning along predetermined geometric paths. In this kind of problem, a purely geometric path is already known, and the task is to find out how to move along this path in the shortest time physically possible. In order to generate the true fastest solutions achievable by the actual robot manipulator, the complete nonlinear dynamic model should be incorporated into the problem formulation as a constraint that must be satisfied by the generated trajectories and feedforward torques. This important problem was studied in the 1980s, with many related methods for addressing it based on the so-called velocity limit curve and variational methods. Modern formulations directly discretize the problem and obtain a large-scale mathematical optimization problem, which is a prominent approach to tackle optimal control problems that has gained popularity over variational methods, mainly because it allows to obtain numerical solutions for harder problems. We contribute to the referred problem of time-optimal trajectory planning, by extending and improving the existing mathematical optimization formulations. We successfully incorporate the complete nonlinear dynamic model, including viscous friction because for the fastest motions it becomes even more significant than Coulomb friction; of course, Coulomb friction is likewise accommodated for in our formulation. We develop a framework that guarantees exact dynamic feasibility of the generated time-optimal trajectories and feedforward torques. Our initial formulation is carefully crafted in a rather specific manner, so that it allows to naturally propose a convex relaxation that solves exactly the original problem formulation, which is non-convex and therefore hard to solve. In order to numerically solve the proposed formulation, a discretization scheme is also developed. Unlike traditional and modern formulations, we motivate the incorporation of additional criteria to our original formulation, with simulation and experimental studies of three crucial variables for a 6-axis industrial manipulator. Namely, the resulting applied torques, the readings of a 3-axis accelerometer mounted at the manipulator end-effector, and the detrimental effects on the tracking errors induced by pure time-optimal solutions. We therefore emphasize the significance of penalizing a measure of total jerk and of imposing acceleration constraints. These two criteria are incorporated without destroying convexity. The final formulation generates near time-optimal trajectories and feedforward torques with traveling times that are slightly larger than those of pure time-optimal solutions. Nevertheless, the detrimental effects induced by pure time-optimality are eliminated. Experimental results on a 6-axis industrial manipulator confirm that our formulation generates the fastest solutions that can actually be implemented in the real robot manipulator. Following the work done on near time-optimal trajectories, we explore two controller synthesis methodologies for trajectory tracking, which are more suitable to achieve trajectory-tracking under such fast trajectories. In the first approach, we approximate the discrete-time nonlinear dynamics of robot manipulators, moving along the state-reference trajectory, as an affine time-varying (ATV) dynamical system in discrete-time. Therefore, the problem of trajectory tracking for robot manipulators is posed as a linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control problem for a class of discrete-time ATV dynamical systems. Then, an ATV control law to achieve trajectory tracking on the ATV system is developed, which uses LQ methods for linear time-varying (LTV) systems. Since the ATV dynamical system approximates the nonlinear robot dynamics along the state-reference trajectory, the resulting time-varying control law is suitable to achieve trajectory tracking on the robot manipulator. The ATV control law is implemented in experiments for the 6-axis industrial manipulator, tracking the near time-optimal trajectory. Experimental results verify the better performance achieved with the ATV control law, but also expose its shortcomings. The second approach to address trajectory tracking is related in spirit, but different in crucial aspects, which ultimately endow this approach with its superior features. In this novel approach, the highly nonlinear dynamic model of robot manipulators, moving along a state-reference trajectory, is approximated as a class of piecewise affine (PWA) dynamical systems. We propose a framework to construct the referred PWA system, which consists in: (i) choosing strategic operating points on the state-reference trajectory with their respective (local) linearized system dynamics, (ii) constructing ellipsoidal regions centered at the operating points, whose purpose is to facilitate the scheduling strategy of controller gains designed for each local dynamics. Likewise, in order to switch controller gains as the robot state traverses in the direction of the state-reference trajectory, a simple scheduling strategy is proposed. The controller synthesis near each operating point is an LQR-type that takes into account the local coupled dynamics. The referred PWA control law is implemented in experiments for the 6-axis manipulator tracking the near time-optimal trajectory. The experimental results show the feasibility and superiority of the PWA control law over the typical PID controller and the ATV control law.
Book Synopsis Motion Planning for Humanoid Robots by : Kensuke Harada
Download or read book Motion Planning for Humanoid Robots written by Kensuke Harada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on humanoid robots has been mostly with the aim of developing robots that can replace humans in the performance of certain tasks. Motion planning for these robots can be quite difficult, due to their complex kinematics, dynamics and environment. It is consequently one of the key research topics in humanoid robotics research and the last few years have witnessed considerable progress in the field. Motion Planning for Humanoid Robots surveys the remarkable recent advancement in both the theoretical and the practical aspects of humanoid motion planning. Various motion planning frameworks are presented in Motion Planning for Humanoid Robots, including one for skill coordination and learning, and one for manipulating and grasping tasks. The problem of planning sequences of contacts that support acyclic motion in a highly constrained environment is addressed and a motion planner that enables a humanoid robot to push an object to a desired location on a cluttered table is described. The main areas of interest include: • whole body motion planning, • task planning, • biped gait planning, and • sensor feedback for motion planning. Torque-level control of multi-contact behavior, autonomous manipulation of moving obstacles, and movement control and planning architecture are also covered. Motion Planning for Humanoid Robots will help readers to understand the current research on humanoid motion planning. It is written for industrial engineers, advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Book Synopsis Advances in Robot Kinematics 2018 by : Jadran Lenarcic
Download or read book Advances in Robot Kinematics 2018 written by Jadran Lenarcic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the proceedings of ARK 2018, the 16th International Symposium on Advances in Robot Kinematics, that was organized by the Group of Robotics, Automation and Biomechanics (GRAB) from the University of Bologna, Italy. ARK are international symposia of the highest level organized every two years since 1988. ARK provides a forum for researchers working in robot kinematics and stimulates new directions of research by forging links between robot kinematics and other areas.The main topics of the symposium of 2018 were: kinematic analysis of robots, robot modeling and simulation, kinematic design of robots, kinematics in robot control, theories and methods in kinematics, singularity analysis, kinematic problems in parallel robots, redundant robots, cable robots, over-constrained linkages, kinematics in biological systems, humanoid robots and humanoid subsystems.
Book Synopsis Optimal Trajectory Planning for Mobile Robots by : Xiang Ma
Download or read book Optimal Trajectory Planning for Mobile Robots written by Xiang Ma and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Given growing emphasis on robot autonomy, the problem of planning a trajectory for these autonomous systems in a complex environment has become increasingly important. The objective of this research is to solve trajectory generation and optimization problems for mobile robot systems with both single and multiple goals. Considering the complexity of general trajectory planning problems, we concentrate mainly on two dynamic models: a holonomic system where velocity is a control variable and a nonholonomic system proposed by Dubins with constant velocity and constrained turning radius. For the simple holonomic model, we focus on computation of optimal trajectories with complex objective functions. We use a stochastic control framework to obtain characterizations of optimal trajectories as solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. Based on either upwind schemes or value iteration methods, we develop and evaluate alternative numerical methods for both isotropic (velocity-independent) and anisotropic (velocity-dependent) cost models. For the Dubins' vehicle model, we extend the results of Dubins and others to solve for minimum-time trajectories with diverse path and terminal constraints, characterizing solutions using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. A direct application of these local shortest-path solutions is the Dubins' Traveling Salesman problem (DTSP), where the goal is to find the shortest trajectory for a Dubins' vehicle given a number of locations. We extend our analytic solutions to two-point and three-point Dubins' shortest path problems to obtain a receding horizon algorithm that outperforms alternative algorithms proposed in the literature when the visiting order is known. We also combine these algorithms with existing TSP heuristics to obtain improved algorithms when the order is not known. We also studied trajectory planning for Dubins' vehicles in the presence of moving obstacles. For stationary obstacles and holonomic vehicles, probabilistic algorithms such as rapidly-exploring random trees (RRTs) can provide guarantees of finding a path to a goal. We developed a variation of RRTs for time-varying obstacles and Dubins' dynamics. We prove probabilistic completeness for this algorithm, establishing that a path will be found if one exists. We also compared our approach with an alternative, the probabilistic roadmap algorithm, and established that our algorithm yields improvements for these problems.
Book Synopsis Geometric and Numerical Foundations of Movements by : Jean-Paul Laumond
Download or read book Geometric and Numerical Foundations of Movements written by Jean-Paul Laumond and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-02 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at gathering roboticists, control theorists, neuroscientists, and mathematicians, in order to promote a multidisciplinary research on movement analysis. It follows the workshop “ Geometric and Numerical Foundations of Movements ” held at LAAS-CNRS in Toulouse in November 2015[1]. Its objective is to lay the foundations for a mutual understanding that is essential for synergetic development in motion research. In particular, the book promotes applications to robotics --and control in general-- of new optimization techniques based on recent results from real algebraic geometry.
Book Synopsis Robot Dynamics And Control by : Mark W Spong
Download or read book Robot Dynamics And Control written by Mark W Spong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-08-04 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This self-contained introduction to practical robot kinematics and dynamics includes a comprehensive treatment of robot control. It provides background material on terminology and linear transformations, followed by coverage of kinematics and inverse kinematics, dynamics, manipulator control, robust control, force control, use of feedback in nonlinear systems, and adaptive control. Each topic is supported by examples of specific applications. Derivations and proofs are included in many cases. The book includes many worked examples, examples illustrating all aspects of the theory, and problems.
Book Synopsis Time Optimal Trajectory Generation for a Differential Drive Robot by : Subramaniam Iyer
Download or read book Time Optimal Trajectory Generation for a Differential Drive Robot written by Subramaniam Iyer and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trajectory generation or motion planning is one of the critical steps in the control design for autonomous robots. The problem of shortest trajectory or time optimal trajectory has been a topic of active research. In this, thesis Sequential Linear Programming algorithm (SLP) and Global Local Mapping (Glomap) are the two methods used to solve the optimal trajectory generation problem for a differential drive robot. The time optimal path planning problem is posed as a linear programming problem which is solved using the SLP algorithm. In the Glomap approach the time domain is broken into smaller domains. The trajectory is generated for each local domain and then merged into a global trajectory. In both these methods potential functions are used to represent the obstacles in the configuration space. The trajectory generation methods are implemented in Matlab and validated on a robotic platform. Though the methods mentioned here are used for path planning for a differential drive robot they may be used for other systems with little or no modifications.
Book Synopsis Advances in Robot Kinematics: Analysis and Design by : Jadran Lenarčič
Download or read book Advances in Robot Kinematics: Analysis and Design written by Jadran Lenarčič and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the most recent research advances in the theory, design, control and application of robotic systems, which are intended for a variety of purposes such as manipulation, manufacturing, automation, surgery, locomotion and biomechanics.
