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Optimal Hedging Of The Currency Exchange Risk Exposure Of Dynamically Balanced Strategic Asset Allocations
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Book Synopsis Foreign Currency Translation according to IAS 21 and IAS 39 in Consolidated Financial Statements considering intragroup Foreign Currency Hedging Strategies by : Chris Sebastian Heidrich
Download or read book Foreign Currency Translation according to IAS 21 and IAS 39 in Consolidated Financial Statements considering intragroup Foreign Currency Hedging Strategies written by Chris Sebastian Heidrich and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2005-03-21 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: The paper deals with foreign currency translation under IAS/IFRS considering hedging strategies that help to minimize foreign currency exposures. It is broadly described, which currency exposures companies face, which basic hedging strategies exist and how they are accounted for in consolidated financial statements of international groups. After the foreign currency exposures are introduced and basic hedging strategies for each of these exposures are provided, the procedure of foreign currency translations according to IAS 21 (revised 2003) is introduced. The paper deals with the translation of transactions denominated in currencies other than the company s home currency as well as with the inclusion of foreign subsidiaries in the consolidated financial statements. Therefore, various examples are provided. As the topic of the thesis is foreign currency hedging, a closer look is taken on IAS 39 (revised 2003) which includes introduction of the three kinds of hedging and their accounting as required by IAS 39. Especially the links between IAS 21 and IAS 39 are pointed out and analyzed. Also the section dealing with IAS 39 provides various examples that make the reader understand the accounting and consolidation procedures. At the end, exposure drafts of the IASB dealing with IAS 39 are introduced and the possible effects are briefly mentioned. This paper also includes a case study, based on the example of a big Chilean incorporated Company. This case study provides the problems and possible solutions of foreign currency risks a real company faces as well as the related accounting issues. Furthermore, the case study shows, how foreign currency hedges are accounted for using other accounting principles (here Chilean GAAP) and which steps have to be taken to perform a reconciliation from Chilean GAAP to IFRS. As the thesis has been presented at a German university, all questions and important points are seen from both, a theoretic view and a practical view. It provides the reader a comprehensive knowledge of currency translation and hedge accounting and makes him able to understand where these two topics are linked and which problems related to this topic companies face when preparing (consolidated) financial statements under IFRS. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: AcknowledgementsI AbbreviationsV List of TablesVII 1.ntroduction1 2.Management of Foreign Currency Risks5 2.1Currency Exposures5 2.1.1General [...]
Book Synopsis Risk Management for Central Bank Foreign Reserves by : European Central Bank
Download or read book Risk Management for Central Bank Foreign Reserves written by European Central Bank and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Risk Management of Sovereign Assets and Liabilities by : Mr.D. F. I. Folkerts-Landau
Download or read book Risk Management of Sovereign Assets and Liabilities written by Mr.D. F. I. Folkerts-Landau and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an environment of sizable and volatile capital flows and integrated international capital markets, large and unhedged net external sovereign liabilities expose countries to swings in international asset prices and to potential speculative currency attacks. The paper argues that an essential step in reducing emerging market vulnerability to such external shocks is to reform the institutional arrangements governing asset and liability management policies, so as to promote a transparent, publicly accountable, and professional incentive structure.
Book Synopsis International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards by :
Download or read book International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards written by and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strategic Asset Allocation by : John Y. Campbell
Download or read book Strategic Asset Allocation written by John Y. Campbell and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2002-01-03 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic finance has had a remarkable impact on many financial services. Yet long-term investors have received curiously little guidance from academic financial economists. Mean-variance analysis, developed almost fifty years ago, has provided a basic paradigm for portfolio choice. This approach usefully emphasizes the ability of diversification to reduce risk, but it ignores several critically important factors. Most notably, the analysis is static; it assumes that investors care only about risks to wealth one period ahead. However, many investors—-both individuals and institutions such as charitable foundations or universities—-seek to finance a stream of consumption over a long lifetime. In addition, mean-variance analysis treats financial wealth in isolation from income. Long-term investors typically receive a stream of income and use it, along with financial wealth, to support their consumption. At the theoretical level, it is well understood that the solution to a long-term portfolio choice problem can be very different from the solution to a short-term problem. Long-term investors care about intertemporal shocks to investment opportunities and labor income as well as shocks to wealth itself, and they may use financial assets to hedge their intertemporal risks. This should be important in practice because there is a great deal of empirical evidence that investment opportunities—-both interest rates and risk premia on bonds and stocks—-vary through time. Yet this insight has had little influence on investment practice because it is hard to solve for optimal portfolios in intertemporal models. This book seeks to develop the intertemporal approach into an empirical paradigm that can compete with the standard mean-variance analysis. The book shows that long-term inflation-indexed bonds are the riskless asset for long-term investors, it explains the conditions under which stocks are safer assets for long-term than for short-term investors, and it shows how labor income influences portfolio choice. These results shed new light on the rules of thumb used by financial planners. The book explains recent advances in both analytical and numerical methods, and shows how they can be used to understand the portfolio choice problems of long-term investors.
Book Synopsis CFA Program Curriculum 2017 Level III, Volumes 1 - 6 by : CFA Institute
Download or read book CFA Program Curriculum 2017 Level III, Volumes 1 - 6 written by CFA Institute and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 2486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apply CFA Program concepts and skills to real-world wealth and portfolio management for the 2017 exam The same official curricula that CFA Program candidates receive with program registration is now publicly available for purchase. CFA Program Curriculum 2017 Level III, Volumes 1-6 provides complete, authoritative guidance on synthesizing the entire CFA Program Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK) into professional practice for the 2017 exam. This book helps you bring together the skills and concepts from Levels I and II to formulate a detailed, professional response to a variety of real-world scenarios. Coverage spans all CFA Program topics and provides a rigorous treatment of portfolio management, all organized into individual study sessions with clearly defined Learning Outcome Statements. Visual aids clarify complex concepts, and practice questions allow you to test your understanding while reinforcing major content areas. Levels I and II equipped you with foundational investment tools and complex analysis skill; now, you'll learn how to effectively synthesize that knowledge to facilitate effective portfolio management and wealth planning. This study set helps you convert your understanding into a professional body of knowledge that will benefit your clients' financial futures. Master essential portfolio management and compliance topics Synthesize your understanding into professional guidance Reinforce your grasp of complex analysis and valuation Apply ethical and professional standards in the context of real-world cases CFA Institute promotes the highest standards of ethics, education, and professional excellence among investment professionals. The CFA Program Curriculum guides you through the breadth of knowledge required to uphold these standards. The three levels of the program build on each other. Level I provides foundational knowledge and teaches the use of investment tools; Level II focuses on application of concepts and analysis, particularly in the valuation of assets; and Level III builds toward synthesis across topics with an emphasis on portfolio management.
Book Synopsis CFA Program Curriculum 2018 Level III by : CFA Institute
Download or read book CFA Program Curriculum 2018 Level III written by CFA Institute and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-01 with total page 2634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Apply CFA Program concepts and skills to real-world wealth and portfolio management for the 2018 exam The same official curricula that CFA Program candidates receive with program registration is now publicly available for purchase. CFA Program Curriculum 2018 Level III, Volumes 1-6 provides complete, authoritative guidance on synthesizing the entire CFA Program Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK) into professional practice for the 2018 exam. This book helps you bring together the skills and concepts from Levels I and II to formulate a detailed, professional response to a variety of real-world scenarios. Coverage spans all CFA Program topics and provides a rigorous treatment of portfolio management, all organized into individual study sessions with clearly defined Learning Outcome Statements. Visual aids clarify complex concepts, and practice questions allow you to test your understanding while reinforcing major content areas. Levels I and II equipped you with foundational investment tools and complex analysis skill; now, you'll learn how to effectively synthesize that knowledge to facilitate effective portfolio management and wealth planning. This study set helps you convert your understanding into a professional body of knowledge that will benefit your clients' financial futures. Master essential portfolio management and compliance topics Synthesize your understanding into professional guidance Reinforce your grasp of complex analysis and valuation Apply ethical and professional standards in the context of real-world cases CFA Institute promotes the highest standards of ethics, education, and professional excellence among investment professionals. The CFA Program Curriculum guides you through the breadth of knowledge required to uphold these standards. The three levels of the program build on each other. Level I provides foundational knowledge and teaches the use of investment tools; Level II focuses on application of concepts and analysis, particularly in the valuation of assets; and Level III builds toward synthesis across topics with an emphasis on portfolio management.
Book Synopsis Factor Investing and Asset Allocation: A Business Cycle Perspective by : Vasant Naik
Download or read book Factor Investing and Asset Allocation: A Business Cycle Perspective written by Vasant Naik and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2016-12-30 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Currency Hedging for International Portfolios by : Jochen M. Schmittmann
Download or read book Currency Hedging for International Portfolios written by Jochen M. Schmittmann and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-06-01 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the benefits from hedging the currency exposure of international investments in single- and multi-country equity and bond portfolios from the perspectives of German, Japanese, British and American investors. Over the period 1975 to 2009, hedging of currency risk substantially reduced the volatility of foreign investments at a quarterly investment horizon. Contrary to previous studies, the paper finds that at longer investment horizons of up to five years the case for hedging for risk reduction purposes remained strong.In addition to its impact on risk, hedging affected returns in economically meaningful magnitudes in some cases.
Book Synopsis International Financial Markets by : Richard M. Levich
Download or read book International Financial Markets written by Richard M. Levich and published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin. This book was released on 1998 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamic Hedging by : Nassim Nicholas Taleb
Download or read book Dynamic Hedging written by Nassim Nicholas Taleb and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1997-01-14 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destined to become a market classic, Dynamic Hedging is the only practical reference in exotic options hedgingand arbitrage for professional traders and money managers Watch the professionals. From central banks to brokerages to multinationals, institutional investors are flocking to a new generation of exotic and complex options contracts and derivatives. But the promise of ever larger profits also creates the potential for catastrophic trading losses. Now more than ever, the key to trading derivatives lies in implementing preventive risk management techniques that plan for and avoid these appalling downturns. Unlike other books that offer risk management for corporate treasurers, Dynamic Hedging targets the real-world needs of professional traders and money managers. Written by a leading options trader and derivatives risk advisor to global banks and exchanges, this book provides a practical, real-world methodology for monitoring and managing all the risks associated with portfolio management. Nassim Nicholas Taleb is the founder of Empirica Capital LLC, a hedge fund operator, and a fellow at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University. He has held a variety of senior derivative trading positions in New York and London and worked as an independent floor trader in Chicago. Dr. Taleb was inducted in February 2001 in the Derivatives Strategy Hall of Fame. He received an MBA from the Wharton School and a Ph.D. from University Paris-Dauphine.
Book Synopsis Cross-Border Currency Exposures by : Luciana Juvenal
Download or read book Cross-Border Currency Exposures written by Luciana Juvenal and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a dataset on the currency composition of the international investment position for a group of 50 countries for the period 1990-2017. It improves available data based on estimates by incorporating actual data reported by statistical authorities and refining estimation methods. The paper illustrates current and new uses of these data, with particular focus on the evolution of currency exposures of cross-border positions.
Book Synopsis Optimization-Based Models for Measuring and Hedging Risk in Fixed Income Markets by : Johan Hagenbjörk
Download or read book Optimization-Based Models for Measuring and Hedging Risk in Fixed Income Markets written by Johan Hagenbjörk and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-12-09 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global fixed income market is an enormous financial market whose value by far exceeds that of the public stock markets. The interbank market consists of interest rate derivatives, whose primary purpose is to manage interest rate risk. The credit market primarily consists of the bond market, which links investors to companies, institutions, and governments with borrowing needs. This dissertation takes an optimization perspective upon modeling both these areas of the fixed-income market. Legislators on the national markets require financial actors to value their financial assets in accordance with market prices. Thus, prices of many assets, which are not publicly traded, must be determined mathematically. The financial quantities needed for pricing are not directly observable but must be measured through solving inverse optimization problems. These measurements are based on the available market prices, which are observed with various degrees of measurement noise. For the interbank market, the relevant financial quantities consist of term structures of interest rates, which are curves displaying the market rates for different maturities. For the bond market, credit risk is an additional factor that can be modeled through default intensity curves and term structures of recovery rates in case of default. By formulating suitable optimization models, the different underlying financial quantities can be measured in accordance with observable market prices, while conditions for economic realism are imposed. Measuring and managing risk is closely connected to the measurement of the underlying financial quantities. Through a data-driven method, we can show that six systematic risk factors can be used to explain almost all variance in the interest rate curves. By modeling the dynamics of these six risk factors, possible outcomes can be simulated in the form of term structure scenarios. For short-term simulation horizons, this results in a representation of the portfolio value distribution that is consistent with the realized outcomes from historically observed term structures. This enables more accurate measurements of interest rate risk, where our proposed method exhibits both lower risk and lower pricing errors compared to traditional models. We propose a method for decomposing changes in portfolio values for an arbitrary portfolio into the risk factors that affect the value of each instrument. By demonstrating the method for the six systematic risk factors identified for the interbank market, we show that almost all changes in portfolio value and portfolio variance can be attributed to these risk factors. Additional risk factors and approximation errors are gathered into two terms, which can be studied to ensure the quality of the performance attribution, and possibly improve it. To eliminate undesired risk within trading books, banks use hedging. Traditional methods do not take transaction costs into account. We, therefore, propose a method for managing the risks in the interbank market through a stochastic optimization model that considers transaction costs. This method is based on a scenario approximation of the optimization problem where the six systematic risk factors are simulated, and the portfolio variance is weighted against the transaction costs. This results in a method that is preferred over the traditional methods for all risk-averse investors. For the credit market, we use data from the bond market in combination with the interbank market to make accurate measurements of the financial quantities. We address the notoriously difficult problem of separating default risk from recovery risk. In addition to the previous identified six systematic risk factors for risk-free interests, we identify four risk factors that explain almost all variance in default intensities, while a single risk factor seems sufficient to model the recovery risk. Overall, this is a higher number of risk factors than is usually found in the literature. Through a simple model, we can measure the variance in bond prices in terms of these systematic risk factors, and through performance attribution, we relate these values to the empirically realized variances from the quoted bond prices. De globala ränte- och kreditmarknaderna är enorma finansiella marknader vars sammanlagda värden vida överstiger de publika aktiemarknadernas. Räntemarknaden består av räntederivat vars främsta användningsområde är hantering av ränterisker. Kreditmarknaden utgörs i första hand av obligationsmarknaden som syftar till att förmedla pengar från investerare till företag, institutioner och stater med upplåningsbehov. Denna avhandling fokuserar på att utifrån ett optimeringsperspektiv modellera både ränte- och obligationsmarknaden. Lagstiftarna på de nationella marknaderna kräver att de finansiella aktörerna värderar sina finansiella tillgångar i enlighet med marknadspriser. Därmed måste priserna på många instrument, som inte handlas publikt, beräknas matematiskt. De finansiella storheter som krävs för denna prissättning är inte direkt observerbara, utan måste mätas genom att lösa inversa optimeringsproblem. Dessa mätningar görs utifrån tillgängliga marknadspriser, som observeras med varierande grad av mätbrus. För räntemarknaden utgörs de relevanta finansiella storheterna av räntekurvor som åskådliggör marknadsräntorna för olika löptider. För obligationsmarknaden utgör kreditrisken en ytterligare faktor som modelleras via fallissemangsintensitetskurvor och kurvor kopplade till förväntat återvunnet kapital vid eventuellt fallissemang. Genom att formulera lämpliga optimeringsmodeller kan de olika underliggande finansiella storheterna mätas i enlighet med observerbara marknadspriser samtidigt som ekonomisk realism eftersträvas. Mätning och hantering av risker är nära kopplat till mätningen av de underliggande finansiella storheterna. Genom en datadriven metod kan vi visa att sex systematiska riskfaktorer kan användas för att förklara nästan all varians i räntekurvorna. Genom att modellera dynamiken i dessa sex riskfaktorer kan tänkbara utfall för räntekurvor simuleras. För kortsiktiga simuleringshorisonter resulterar detta i en representation av fördelningen av portföljvärden som väl överensstämmer med de realiserade utfallen från historiskt observerade räntekurvor. Detta möjliggör noggrannare mätningar av ränterisk där vår föreslagna metod uppvisar såväl lägre risk som mindre prissättningsfel jämfört med traditionella modeller. Vi föreslår en metod för att dekomponera portföljutvecklingen för en godtycklig portfölj till de riskfaktorer som påverkar värdet för respektive instrument. Genom att demonstrera metoden för de sex systematiska riskfaktorerna som identifierats för räntemarknaden visar vi att nästan all portföljutveckling och portföljvarians kan härledas till dessa riskfaktorer. Övriga riskfaktorer och approximationsfel samlas i två termer, vilka kan användas för att säkerställa och eventuellt förbättra kvaliteten i prestationshärledningen. För att eliminera oönskad risk i sina tradingböcker använder banker sig av hedging. Traditionella metoder tar ingen hänsyn till transaktionskostnader. Vi föreslår därför en metod för att hantera riskerna på räntemarknaden genom en stokastisk optimeringsmodell som också tar hänsyn till transaktionskostnader. Denna metod bygger på en scenarioapproximation av optimeringsproblemet där de sex systematiska riskfaktorerna simuleras och portföljvariansen vägs mot transaktionskostnaderna. Detta resulterar i en metod som, för alla riskaverta investerare, är att föredra framför de traditionella metoderna. På kreditmarknaden använder vi data från obligationsmarknaden i kombination räntemarknaden för att göra noggranna mätningar av de finansiella storheterna. Vi angriper det erkänt svåra problemet att separera fallissemangsrisk från återvinningsrisk. Förutom de tidigare sex systematiska riskfaktorerna för riskfri ränta, identifierar vi fyra riskfaktorer som förklarar nästan all varians i fallissemangsintensiteter, medan en enda riskfaktor tycks räcka för att modellera återvinningsrisken. Sammanlagt är detta ett större antal riskfaktorer än vad som brukar användas i litteraturen. Via en enkel modell kan vi mäta variansen i obligationspriser i termer av dessa systematiska riskfaktorer och genom prestationshärledningen relatera dessa värden till de empiriskt realiserade varianserna från kvoterade obligationspriser.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Asset and Liability Management by : Stavros A. Zenios
Download or read book Handbook of Asset and Liability Management written by Stavros A. Zenios and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-08-08 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbooks in Finance are intended to be a definitive source for comprehensive and accessible information in the field of finance. Each individual volume in the series presents an accurate self-contained survey of a sub-field of finance, suitable for use by finance and economics professors and lecturers, professional researchers, graduate students and as a teaching supplement. It is fitting that the series Handbooks in Finance devotes a handbook to Asset and Liability Management. Volume 2 focuses on applications and case studies in asset and liability management.The growth in knowledge about practical asset and liability modeling has followed the popularity of these models in diverse business settings. This volume portrays ALM in practice, in contrast to Volume 1, which addresses the theories and methodologies behind these models. In original articles practitioners and scholars describe and analyze models used in banking, insurance, money management, individual investor financial planning, pension funds, and social security. They put the traditional purpose of ALM, to control interest rate and liquidity risks, into rich and broad-minded frameworks. Readers interested in other business settings will find their discussions of financial institutions both instructive and revealing.* Focuses on pragmatic applications * Relevant to a variety of risk-management industries* Analyzes models used in most financial sectors
Book Synopsis Handbook of Exchange Rates by : Jessica James
Download or read book Handbook of Exchange Rates written by Jessica James and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for Handbook of Exchange Rates “This book is remarkable. I expect it to become the anchor reference for people working in the foreign exchange field.” —Richard K. Lyons, Dean and Professor of Finance, Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley “It is quite easily the most wide ranging treaty of expertise on the forex market I have ever come across. I will be keeping a copy close to my fingertips.” —Jim O’Neill, Chairman, Goldman Sachs Asset Management How should we evaluate the forecasting power of models? What are appropriate loss functions for major market participants? Is the exchange rate the only means of adjustment? Handbook of Exchange Rates answers these questions and many more, equipping readers with the relevant concepts and policies for working in today’s international economic climate. Featuring contributions written by leading specialists from the global financial arena, this handbook provides a collection of original ideas on foreign exchange (FX) rates in four succinct sections: • Overview introduces the history of the FX market and exchange rate regimes, discussing key instruments in the trading environment as well as macro and micro approaches to FX determination. • Exchange Rate Models and Methods focuses on forecasting exchange rates, featuring methodological contributions on the statistical methods for evaluating forecast performance, parity relationships, fair value models, and flow–based models. • FX Markets and Products outlines active currency management, currency hedging, hedge accounting; high frequency and algorithmic trading in FX; and FX strategy-based products. • FX Markets and Policy explores the current policies in place in global markets and presents a framework for analyzing financial crises. Throughout the book, topics are explored in-depth alongside their founding principles. Each chapter uses real-world examples from the financial industry and concludes with a summary that outlines key points and concepts. Handbook of Exchange Rates is an essential reference for fund managers and investors as well as practitioners and researchers working in finance, banking, business, and econometrics. The book also serves as a valuable supplement for courses on economics, business, and international finance at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9781589062603 Total Pages :34 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (626 download)
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Foreign Exchange Reserve Management by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Guidelines for Foreign Exchange Reserve Management written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2004-08-16 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines are intended to assist countries in strengthening their policy frameworks for reserve management so that they can become more resilient to shocks that may originate from global financial markets or within the domestic financial system. The guidelines have been developed as part of a broader IMF work program to help strengthen international financial architecture, to promote policies and practices that contribute to stability and transparency in the financial sector, and to reduce external vulnerabilities of member countries.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Asset Allocation by : James Picerno
Download or read book Dynamic Asset Allocation written by James Picerno and published by Bloomberg Press. This book was released on 2010-02-17 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today’s modern portfolio theory is not your father’s MPT. It has undergone many changes in the past fifty years. Indeed, a new understanding of MPT has emerged, one that has a significant impact on managing asset allocation—especially in today’s turbulent markets. Dynamic Asset Allocation interprets and integrates the developments in modern portfolio theory: from the efficient-market hypothesis and indexing of decades past to strategies for building winning portfolios today. The book is filled with practical, hands-on advice for investors, including guidance on approaching investment as a risk-management task.