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Author : Massimo De Vittorio
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889630803
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)
Download or read book Optical Neural Interfaces written by Massimo De Vittorio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Youn-Long Lin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319147110
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Smart Sensors and Systems written by Youn-Long Lin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes for readers technology used for effective sensing of our physical world and intelligent processing techniques for sensed information, which are essential to the success of the Internet of Things (IoTs). The authors provide a multidisciplinary view of sensor technology from MEMS, biological, chemical, and electrical domains and showcase smart sensor systems in real applications including smart home, transportation, medical, environmental, agricultural, etc. Unlike earlier books on sensors, this book provides a “global” view on smart sensors covering abstraction levels from device, circuit, systems, and algorithms.
Author : Thomas D. Coates,Jr.
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031016408
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Neural Interfacing written by Thomas D. Coates,Jr. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past 50 years there has been an explosion of interest in the development of technologies whose end goal is to connect the human brain and/or nervous system directly to computers. Once the subject of science fiction, the technologies necessary to accomplish this goal are rapidly becoming reality. In laboratories around the globe, research is being undertaken to restore function to the physically disabled, to replace areas of the brain damaged by disease or trauma and to augment human abilities. Building neural interfaces and neuro-prosthetics relies on a diverse array of disciplines such as neuroscience, engineering, medicine and microfabrication just to name a few. This book presents a short history of neural interfacing (N.I.) research and introduces the reader to some of the current efforts to develop neural prostheses. The book is intended as an introduction for the college freshman or others wishing to learn more about the field. A resource guide is included for students along with a list of laboratories conducting N.I. research and universities with N.I. related tracks of study. Table of Contents: Neural Interfaces Past and Present / Current Neuroprosthesis Research / Conclusion / Resources for Students
Author : Liang Guo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030418545
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Neural Interface Engineering written by Liang Guo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive reference to major neural interfacing technologies used to transmit signals between the physical world and the nervous system for repairing, restoring and even augmenting body functions. The authors discuss the classic approaches for neural interfacing, the major challenges encountered, and recent, emerging techniques to mitigate these challenges for better chronic performances. Readers will benefit from this book’s unprecedented scope and depth of coverage on the technology of neural interfaces, the most critical component in any type of neural prostheses. Provides comprehensive coverage of major neural interfacing technologies; Reviews and discusses both classic and latest, emerging topics; Includes classification of technologies to provide an easy grasp of research and trends in the field.
Author : Tanya Vanessa F. Abaya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (913 download)
Download or read book Implantable Light Delivery Interfaces for Optical Neural Stimulation written by Tanya Vanessa F. Abaya and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mohammad M. Aria
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128170719
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Electrophysiology Measurements for Studying Neural Interfaces written by Mohammad M. Aria and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrophysiology Measurements for Studying Neural Interfaces helps readers to choose a proper cell line and set-up for studying different bio-electronic interfaces before delving into the electrophysiology techniques available. Therefore, this book details the materials and devices needed for different types of neural stimulation such as photoelectrical and photothermal stimulations. Also, modern techniques like optical electrophysiology and calcium imaging in this book provides readers with more available approaches to monitor neural activities in addition to whole-cell patch-clamp technology. Details steps of an electrophysiology project from start to finish for graduate students employing the technique in their research Includes sample electrophysiological studies with multiple cell lines (PC12, N2a, NG108, SHSY, and embryonic stem cell lines) to facilitate research Features data analysis of electrophysiology results from various relevant experiments and cell culture tips
Author : spencer patrick ward
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Minimally Invasive Electro-Optical Neural Probes for Interfacing with Optogenetic Networks written by spencer patrick ward and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing expected lifespan is causing a higher prevalence of neurological diseases. These diseases carry an emotional and economical cost that can not be neglected by society. Key to understanding and treating these diseases are the recording and stimulating technologies available to researchers and clinicians. While metal electrodes are the oldest recording technology utilized, recent developments in optics have allowed biologists to understand nervous system function on a new level. In the past decade, engineers have begun to combine both electrical and optical modalities into a single device to increase the amount of information gained from recording and stimulation. A limiting factor for all of these implantable devices is the body's immune system response, which results in dead tissue surrounding the implant in less than 6 months. Designing a multimodal device which reduces immune response is a solution sought after in the neuroscience field. While some purely electrical devices have begun to show reduced immune response by reducing device size, there has not been a multimodal device on these size scales. This dissertation combines microfabrication techniques with small optical cores to create a minimally invasive implantable device which can perform optical and electrical interrogation of the nervous system. Chapter 2 addresses the electrical and optical challenges associated with scaling these technologies to small dimensions. Strategies to overcome these issues are described along with trade-offs of different materials used in fabrication. Chapter 3 takes these fabricated devices and looks at limitation for inserting them into tissue. Due to limitations in size, device mechanical failure is modeled as a function of each fabrication layer added to the device. These characterized devices were then tested on brain and spinal cord tissue samples to determine the maximum device length before device failure. Chapter 4 takes all of the lessons learned in fabrication and characterization to create devices which are then tested \textit{in vivo}. We are able to demonstrate that a single device can concomitantly optically stimulate neurons in the cortex and electrically record action potentials. Through immunohistology we demonstrate a negligible immune response for devices after implantation of 6 days: a critical time point in the immune system response. These results show promise for scaling this technology into arrays that can interface with larger regions of the brain.
Author : Francesco S. Pavone
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429530900
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Neurophotonics written by Francesco S. Pavone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-10 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Neurophotonics provides a dedicated overview of neurophotonics, covering the use of advanced optical technologies to record, stimulate, and control the activity of the brain, yielding new insight and advantages over conventional tools due to the adaptability and non-invasive nature of light. Including 32 colour figures, this book addresses functional studies of neurovascular signaling, metabolism, electrical excitation, and hemodynamics, as well as clinical applications for imaging and manipulating brain structure and function. The unifying theme throughout is not only to highlight the technology, but to show how these novel methods are becoming critical to breakthroughs that will lead to advances in our ability to manage and treat human diseases of the brain. Key Features: Provides the first dedicated book on state-of-the-art optical techniques for sensing and imaging across at the cellular, molecular, network, and whole brain levels. Highlights how the methods are used for measurement, control, and tracking of molecular events in live neuronal cells, both in basic research and clinical practice. Covers the entire spectrum of approaches, from optogenetics to functional methods, photostimulation, optical dissection, multiscale imaging, microscopy, and structural imaging. Includes chapters that show use of voltage-sensitive dye imaging, hemodynamic imaging, multiphoton imaging, temporal multiplexing, multiplane microscopy, optoacoustic imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, and miniature neuroimaging devices to track cortical brain activity.
Author : Hiromu Yawo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811587639
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Optogenetics written by Hiromu Yawo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, now in a thoroughly revised second edition, offers a comprehensive review of the rapidly growing field of optogenetics, in which light-sensing proteins are genetically engineered into cells in order to acquire information on cellular physiology in optical form or to enable control of specific network in the brain upon activation by light. Light-sensing proteins of various living organisms are now available to be exogenously expressed in neurons and other target cells both in vivo and in vitro. Cellular functions can thus be manipulated or probed by light. The new edition documents fully the extensive progress since publication of the first edition to provide an up-to-date overview of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of light-sensing proteins and their application in biological systems, particularly in neuroscience but also in medicine and the optical sciences. Underlying principles are explained and detailed information provided on a wide range of optogenetic tools for the observation and control of cellular signaling and physiology, gene targeting technologies, and optical methods for biological applications. In presenting the current status of optogenetics and emerging directions, this milestone publication will be a “must read” for all involved in research in any way related to optogenetics.
Author : Christopher Spicer
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1788017536
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)
Download or read book The Chemistry of Inorganic Biomaterials written by Christopher Spicer and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book overviews the underlying chemistry behind the most common and cutting-edge inorganic materials in current use, or approaching use, in vivo.
Download or read book Incorporating an Optical Waveguide Into a Neural Interface written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An optical waveguide integrated into a multielectrode array (MEA) neural interface includes a device body, at least one electrode in the device body, at least one electrically conducting lead coupled to the at least one electrode, at least one optical channel in the device body, and waveguide material in the at least one optical channel. The fabrication of a neural interface device includes the steps of providing a device body, providing at least one electrode in the device body, providing at least one electrically conducting lead coupled to the at least one electrode, providing at least one optical channel in the device body, and providing a waveguide material in the at least one optical channel.
Author : Dechuan Sun
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040260519
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Optical Brain–Computer Interface written by Dechuan Sun and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-10-03 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this shortform book, Sun, French, and Unnithan explore state-of-the-art optical recording techniques, with a focus on the revolutionary miniaturized fluorescence microscope – the miniscope – for real-time and in vivo monitoring of multi-neuronal dynamics during cognition-related events. The miniscope is a powerful tool that allows real-time in vivo optical recording of multi-neuronal activity in freely moving animals. This book highlights the use of the miniscope in the context of the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for memory and cognition. The authors employ a combination of theoretical concepts, practical applications, and illustrative case studies to deliver a comprehensive understanding of optical recording techniques. They provide step-by-step guides for using the miniscope, offer insights into data analysis, and discuss its implications in the context of hippocampal research and brain–computer interfaces. Readers will gain profound insights into the role of the hippocampus in memory and cognition, and expert knowledge of the latest miniaturized in vivo optical recording techniques. The book provides them with thorough guidance on implementing a miniaturized fluorescence microscope for a brain–computer interface and information on advanced analysis techniques on the activity of large neuronal populations. This book provides an invaluable short and accessible guide for researchers, neuroscientists, and brain–computer interface enthusiasts to enable them to understand and leverage the immense potential of this advanced optical recording methodology.
Author : Xiaoxiang Zheng
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811320500
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Neural Interface: Frontiers and Applications written by Xiaoxiang Zheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the frontiers of neural interface technology, including hardware, software, neural decoding and encoding, control systems, and system integration. It also discusses applications for neuroprosthetics, neural diseases and neurorobotics, and the toolkits for basic neuroscience. A neural interface establishes a direct communication channel with the central or peripheral nervous system (CNS or PNS), and enables the nervous system to interact directly with the external devices. Recent advances in neuroscience and engineering are speeding up neural interface technology, paving the way for assisting, augmenting, repairing or restoring sensorimotor and other cognitive functions impaired due to neurological disease or trauma, and so improving the quality of life of those affected. Neural interfaces are now being explored in applications as diverse as rehabilitation, accessibility, gaming, education, recreation, robotics and human enhancement. Neural interfaces also represent a powerful tool to address fundamental questions in neuroscience. Recent decades have witnessed tremendous advances in the field, with a huge impact not only in the development of neuroprosthetics, but also in our basic understanding of brain function. Neural interface technology can be seen as a bridge across the traditional engineering and basic neuroscience. This book provides researchers, graduate and upper undergraduate students from a wide range of disciplines with a cutting-edge and comprehensive summary of neural interface engineering research.
Author : Qingsong Ai
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128145986
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Advanced Rehabilitative Technology written by Qingsong Ai and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Rehabilitative Technology: Neural Interfaces and Devices teaches readers how to acquire and process bio-signals using biosensors and acquisition devices, how to identify the human movement intention and decode the brain signal, how to design physiological and musculoskeletal models and establish the neural interfaces, and how to develop neural devices and control them efficiently using biological signals. The book takes a multidisciplinary theme between the engineering and medical field, including sections on neuromuscular/brain signal processing, human motion and intention recognition, biomechanics modelling and interfaces, and neural devices and control for rehabilitation. Each chapter goes through a detailed description of the bio-mechatronic systems used and then presents implementation and testing tactics. In addition, it details new neural interfaces and devices, some of which have never been published before in any journals or conferences. With this book, readers will quickly get up-to-speed on the most recent and future advancements in bio-mechatronics engineering for applications in rehabilitation. Presents insights into emerging technologies and developments that are currently used or on the horizon in biological systems and mechatronics for rehabilitative purposes Gives a comprehensive background of biological interfaces and details of new advances in the field Addresses the challenges of rehabilitative applications in areas of bio-signal processing, bio-modelling, neural and muscular interface, and neural devices. Provides substantial background materials and relevant case studies for each subject
Author : Murtaza Mogri
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Optogenetic Studies of Brain Disease written by Murtaza Mogri and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optogenetic neuromodulation is giving scientists an unprecedented ability to modulate neural circuits, providing specificity with regards to location, cell type, as well as neuromodulatory effect. On the other hand, electrical stimulation and lesions, methods commonly used to study neural circuits, are lacking in specificity, often affecting both local cells and passing axons, as well as multiple cell types. Our laboratory has been at the forefront of the field of optogenetics, having developed, for use in mammalian systems, Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), an algal light-activated cation channel that depolarizes neurons in response to blue light, and Natronomonas pharaonis halorhodopsin (eNpHR), a chloride pump that hyperpolarizes neurons in response to amber light. These proteins can control neuronal activity with millisecond timescale precision, and through promoters, they can be targeted to specific cell-types in heterogeneous tissue. Along with its specificity, light stimulation with optogenetic tools often allows the recording of neural activity without the artifact that obfuscates recordings with electrical stimulation. The advantages provided by optogenetics allowed us to make a breakthrough in determining the therapeutic mechanism of deep brain stimulation, a robust treatment for Parkinson's disease in which stimulating electrodes are implanted deep in the brain. Using optogenetics, we replicated the effect of deep brain stimulation by modulating cortical inputs into the region where the stimulating electrode is normally placed. Combined with other corroborating publications, a hypothesis is emerging that electrical stimulation deep in the brain actually produces its effect by modulating cortical projections to the deep brain region. Based on this concept, several clinical studies are being done to better understand the cortical role in Parkinson's disease and determine whether cortical stimulation (potentially non-invasive), could be an alternative to the invasive implants currently used. In order to perform these experiments, we studied the transmission of visible light in brain tissue to estimate the volume of activation produced by optogenetic stimulation and developed a device to measure fluorescence in awake, behaving animals, allowing the quantification of virally transfected gene expression over time, as well as the localization of expression along axon bundles. The knowledge gained from these experiments will have a significant impact on future experiments in the broader field of optogenetics.
Author : Brendan Michael Crowley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Modeling, Design and Test of an Integrated Optical Neural Recording Device written by Brendan Michael Crowley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has long been a goal of neuroscientists to understand how electrophysiological activity in the nervous system corresponds to, and causes, specific physiological actions. Such knowledge could be used to develop cures for disabilities related to nervous system dysfunction, and to control artificial limbs or restore motion to a paralyzed patient. This has motivated research into technologies, broadly termed brain-machine interfaces, for interfacing with the nervous system. One category of such neural interfaces is implantable neural recording devices, which monitor and record neural signals through a microelectronic device implanted in the body. Typical implantable neural recording devices use a micro-electrode array to record electrical signals simultaneously from a multitude of neurons. Unfortunately, devices employing micro-electrode arrays have several issues from both the biological and circuit design points of view. These issues include tissue damage due to implantation of a micro-electrode array, degradation of recording fidelity over time, limited spatial resolution, the requirement to maintain charge balance in tissue, and the difficulty in implementing low-frequency (large time constant) filter cutoffs with limited chip area. These issues provided the motivation to investigate alternative methods for neural recording - namely optical methods based on fluorescence detection with voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins. Optical recording methods can alleviate many of the issues with electrical recording, as well as provide other advantages, such as recording targeted to specific neurons/neuron types and higher spatial resolution due to reduced recording site pitch. The major limitations of fully implantable optical recording devices stem from size constraints, the attenuation of light in tissue, which limits imaging depth, and the need for genetically programmed voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins, which must be introduced to the tissue in the case of chronic recording. This research began with investigating the feasibility of replacing an electrical neural record- ing front end with an optical front end - the conclusion being that producing an initial design was worthwhile. Thus, this thesis presents a prototype optical neural recording device for detecting individual spikes in Layer I of the brain. The device is designed for the fully implantable scenario, where space for typical fluorescence imaging optical components is limited, and a high level of integration is required. The thesis describes: 1) Modeling: a general framework for modeling near-field fluorescence detection systems is presented; the model is then extended and applied to the design of the optical neural recording device for detecting individual spikes in Layer I of the brain, taking into account light attenuation in tissue; 2) Design: the design of a high-sensitivity CMOS imaging chip used in the device; 3) Packaging: the packaging of the CMOS imager with LED dies and an excitation filter; and 4) Testing: the experimental results from testing the packaged device with a fluorescent tissue phantom designed to emulate layer I of the brain. Ideas for future work on such devices are discussed.
Author : Paul R. Prucnal
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498725244
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)
Download or read book Neuromorphic Photonics written by Paul R. Prucnal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out to build bridges between the domains of photonic device physics and neural networks, providing a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of "neuromorphic photonics." It includes a thorough discussion of evolution of neuromorphic photonics from the advent of fiber-optic neurons to today’s state-of-the-art integrated laser neurons, which are a current focus of international research. Neuromorphic Photonics explores candidate interconnection architectures and devices for integrated neuromorphic networks, along with key functionality such as learning. It is written at a level accessible to graduate students, while also intending to serve as a comprehensive reference for experts in the field.
