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On The Epistemology Of Data Science
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Book Synopsis On the Epistemology of Data Science by : Wolfgang Pietsch
Download or read book On the Epistemology of Data Science written by Wolfgang Pietsch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses controversies concerning the epistemological foundations of data science: Is it a genuine science? Or is data science merely some inferior practice that can at best contribute to the scientific enterprise, but cannot stand on its own? The author proposes a coherent conceptual framework with which these questions can be rigorously addressed. Readers will discover a defense of inductivism and consideration of the arguments against it: an epistemology of data science more or less by definition has to be inductivist, given that data science starts with the data. As an alternative to enumerative approaches, the author endorses Federica Russo’s recent call for a variational rationale in inductive methodology. Chapters then address some of the key concepts of an inductivist methodology including causation, probability and analogy, before outlining an inductivist framework. The inductivist framework is shown to be adequate and useful for an analysis of the epistemological foundations of data science. The author points out that many aspects of the variational rationale are present in algorithms commonly used in data science. Introductions to algorithms and brief case studies of successful data science such as machine translation are included. Data science is located with reference to several crucial distinctions regarding different kinds of scientific practices, including between exploratory and theory-driven experimentation, and between phenomenological and theoretical science. Computer scientists, philosophers and data scientists of various disciplines will find this philosophical perspective and conceptual framework of great interest, especially as a starting point for further in-depth analysis of algorithms used in data science.
Book Synopsis Data Science and Social Research by : N. Carlo Lauro
Download or read book Data Science and Social Research written by N. Carlo Lauro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume lays the groundwork for Social Data Science, addressing epistemological issues, methods, technologies, software and applications of data science in the social sciences. It presents data science techniques for the collection, analysis and use of both online and offline new (big) data in social research and related applications. Among others, the individual contributions cover topics like social media, learning analytics, clustering, statistical literacy, recurrence analysis and network analysis. Data science is a multidisciplinary approach based mainly on the methods of statistics and computer science, and its aim is to develop appropriate methodologies for forecasting and decision-making in response to an increasingly complex reality often characterized by large amounts of data (big data) of various types (numeric, ordinal and nominal variables, symbolic data, texts, images, data streams, multi-way data, social networks etc.) and from diverse sources. This book presents selected papers from the international conference on Data Science & Social Research, held in Naples, Italy in February 2016, and will appeal to researchers in the social sciences working in academia as well as in statistical institutes and offices.
Book Synopsis Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science by : Shahid Rahman
Download or read book Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science written by Shahid Rahman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-15 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume in this new series explores, through extensive co-operation, new ways of achieving the integration of science in all its diversity. The book offers essays from important and influential philosophers in contemporary philosophy, discussing a range of topics from philosophy of science to epistemology, philosophy of logic and game theoretical approaches. It will be of interest to philosophers, computer scientists and all others interested in the scientific rationality.
Book Synopsis Applied Data Science in Tourism by : Roman Egger
Download or read book Applied Data Science in Tourism written by Roman Egger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-31 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access to large data sets has led to a paradigm shift in the tourism research landscape. Big data is enabling a new form of knowledge gain, while at the same time shaking the epistemological foundations and requiring new methods and analysis approaches. It allows for interdisciplinary cooperation between computer sciences and social and economic sciences, and complements the traditional research approaches. This book provides a broad basis for the practical application of data science approaches such as machine learning, text mining, social network analysis, and many more, which are essential for interdisciplinary tourism research. Each method is presented in principle, viewed analytically, and its advantages and disadvantages are weighed up and typical fields of application are presented. The correct methodical application is presented with a "how-to" approach, together with code examples, allowing a wider reader base including researchers, practitioners, and students entering the field. The book is a very well-structured introduction to data science – not only in tourism – and its methodological foundations, accompanied by well-chosen practical cases. It underlines an important insight: data are only representations of reality, you need methodological skills and domain background to derive knowledge from them - Hannes Werthner, Vienna University of Technology Roman Egger has accomplished a difficult but necessary task: make clear how data science can practically support and foster travel and tourism research and applications. The book offers a well-taught collection of chapters giving a comprehensive and deep account of AI and data science for tourism - Francesco Ricci, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano This well-structured and easy-to-read book provides a comprehensive overview of data science in tourism. It contributes largely to the methodological repository beyond traditional methods. - Rob Law, University of Macau
Book Synopsis Data Journeys in the Sciences by : Sabina Leonelli
Download or read book Data Journeys in the Sciences written by Sabina Leonelli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-29 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking, open access volume analyses and compares data practices across several fields through the analysis of specific cases of data journeys. It brings together leading scholars in the philosophy, history and social studies of science to achieve two goals: tracking the travel of data across different spaces, times and domains of research practice; and documenting how such journeys affect the use of data as evidence and the knowledge being produced. The volume captures the opportunities, challenges and concerns involved in making data move from the sites in which they are originally produced to sites where they can be integrated with other data, analysed and re-used for a variety of purposes. The in-depth study of data journeys provides the necessary ground to examine disciplinary, geographical and historical differences and similarities in data management, processing and interpretation, thus identifying the key conditions of possibility for the widespread data sharing associated with Big and Open Data. The chapters are ordered in sections that broadly correspond to different stages of the journeys of data, from their generation to the legitimisation of their use for specific purposes. Additionally, the preface to the volume provides a variety of alternative “roadmaps” aimed to serve the different interests and entry points of readers; and the introduction provides a substantive overview of what data journeys can teach about the methods and epistemology of research.
Book Synopsis Scientific Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery by : Mohamed Medhat Gaber
Download or read book Scientific Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery written by Mohamed Medhat Gaber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-19 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mohamed Medhat Gaber “It is not my aim to surprise or shock you – but the simplest way I can summarise is to say that there are now in the world machines that think, that learn and that create. Moreover, their ability to do these things is going to increase rapidly until – in a visible future – the range of problems they can handle will be coextensive with the range to which the human mind has been applied” by Herbert A. Simon (1916-2001) 1Overview This book suits both graduate students and researchers with a focus on discovering knowledge from scienti c data. The use of computational power for data analysis and knowledge discovery in scienti c disciplines has found its roots with the re- lution of high-performance computing systems. Computational science in physics, chemistry, and biology represents the rst step towards automation of data analysis tasks. The rational behind the developmentof computationalscience in different - eas was automating mathematical operations performed in those areas. There was no attention paid to the scienti c discovery process. Automated Scienti c Disc- ery (ASD) [1–3] represents the second natural step. ASD attempted to automate the process of theory discovery supported by studies in philosophy of science and cognitive sciences. Although early research articles have shown great successes, the area has not evolved due to many reasons. The most important reason was the lack of interaction between scientists and the automating systems.
Book Synopsis Data Science and Social Research II by : Paolo Mariani
Download or read book Data Science and Social Research II written by Paolo Mariani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The peer-reviewed contributions gathered in this book address methods, software and applications of statistics and data science in the social sciences. The data revolution in social science research has not only produced new business models, but has also provided policymakers with better decision-making support tools. In this volume, statisticians, computer scientists and experts on social research discuss the opportunities and challenges of the social data revolution in order to pave the way for addressing new research problems. The respective contributions focus on complex social systems and current methodological advances in extracting social knowledge from large data sets, as well as modern social research on human behavior and society using large data sets. Moreover, they analyze integrated systems designed to take advantage of new social data sources, and discuss quality-related issues. The papers were originally presented at the 2nd International Conference on Data Science and Social Research, held in Milan, Italy, on February 4-5, 2019.
Book Synopsis Methodology and Epistemology for Social Sciences by : Donald T. Campbell
Download or read book Methodology and Epistemology for Social Sciences written by Donald T. Campbell and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1988-10-27 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selections from the work of an influential contributor to the methodology of the social sciences. He treats: measurement, experimental design, epistemology, and sociology of science each section introduced by the editor, Samuel Overman. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Book Synopsis Kuhn's Evolutionary Social Epistemology by : K. Brad Wray
Download or read book Kuhn's Evolutionary Social Epistemology written by K. Brad Wray and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) has been enduringly influential in philosophy of science, challenging many common presuppositions about the nature of science and the growth of scientific knowledge. However, philosophers have misunderstood Kuhn's view, treating him as a relativist or social constructionist. In this book, Brad Wray argues that Kuhn provides a useful framework for developing an epistemology of science that takes account of the constructive role that social factors play in scientific inquiry. He examines the core concepts of Structure and explains the main characteristics of both Kuhn's evolutionary epistemology and his social epistemology, relating Structure to Kuhn's developed view presented in his later writings. The discussion includes analyses of the Copernican revolution in astronomy and the plate tectonics revolution in geology. The book will be useful for scholars working in science studies, sociologists and historians of science as well as philosophers of science.
Book Synopsis Mathematics, Science and Epistemology: Volume 2, Philosophical Papers by : Imre Lakatos
Download or read book Mathematics, Science and Epistemology: Volume 2, Philosophical Papers written by Imre Lakatos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-10-16 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I brings together his very influential but scattered papers on the philosophy of the physical sciences, and includes one important unpublished essay on the effect of Newton's scientific achievement. Volume 2 presents his work on the philosophy of mathematics together with some critical essays on contemporary philosophers of science.
Book Synopsis Beyond Epistemology by : Sharyn Clough
Download or read book Beyond Epistemology written by Sharyn Clough and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2003 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feminist thinkers have been critically examining science for over a century; but who critiques the criticism?
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology by : Paul K. Moser
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology written by Paul K. Moser and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-10-27 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Epistemology contains 19 previously unpublished chapters by today's leading figures in the field. These chapters function not only as a survey of key areas, but as original scholarship on a range of vital topics. Written accessibly for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and professional philosophers, the Handbook explains the main ideas and problems of contemporary epistemology while avoiding overly technical detail.
Book Synopsis Data-Centric Biology by : Sabina Leonelli
Download or read book Data-Centric Biology written by Sabina Leonelli and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, there has been a major shift in the way researchers process and understand scientific data. Digital access to data has revolutionized ways of doing science in the biological and biomedical fields, leading to a data-intensive approach to research that uses innovative methods to produce, store, distribute, and interpret huge amounts of data. In Data-Centric Biology, Sabina Leonelli probes the implications of these advancements and confronts the questions they pose. Are we witnessing the rise of an entirely new scientific epistemology? If so, how does that alter the way we study and understand life—including ourselves? Leonelli is the first scholar to use a study of contemporary data-intensive science to provide a philosophical analysis of the epistemology of data. In analyzing the rise, internal dynamics, and potential impact of data-centric biology, she draws on scholarship across diverse fields of science and the humanities—as well as her own original empirical material—to pinpoint the conditions under which digitally available data can further our understanding of life. Bridging the divide between historians, sociologists, and philosophers of science, Data-Centric Biology offers a nuanced account of an issue that is of fundamental importance to our understanding of contemporary scientific practices.
Book Synopsis A Social Epistemology of Research Groups by : Susann Wagenknecht
Download or read book A Social Epistemology of Research Groups written by Susann Wagenknecht and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-04 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates how collaborative scientific practice yields scientific knowledge. At a time when most of today’s scientific knowledge is created in research groups, the author reconsiders the social character of science to address the question of whether collaboratively created knowledge should be considered as collective achievement, and if so, in which sense. Combining philosophical analysis with qualitative empirical inquiry, this book provides a comparative case study of mono- and interdisciplinary research groups, offering insight into the day-to-day practice of scientists. The book includes field observations and interviews with scientists to present an empirically-grounded perspective on much-debated questions concerning research groups’ division of labor, relations of epistemic dependence and trust.
Book Synopsis Algorithms and Complexity in Mathematics, Epistemology, and Science by : Nicolas Fillion
Download or read book Algorithms and Complexity in Mathematics, Epistemology, and Science written by Nicolas Fillion and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACMES (Algorithms and Complexity in Mathematics, Epistemology, and Science) is a multidisciplinary conference series that focuses on epistemological and mathematical issues relating to computation in modern science. This volume includes a selection of papers presented at the 2015 and 2016 conferences held at Western University that provide an interdisciplinary outlook on modern applied mathematics that draws from theory and practice, and situates it in proper context. These papers come from leading mathematicians, computational scientists, and philosophers of science, and cover a broad collection of mathematical and philosophical topics, including numerical analysis and its underlying philosophy, computer algebra, reliability and uncertainty quantification, computation and complexity theory, combinatorics, error analysis, perturbation theory, experimental mathematics, scientific epistemology, and foundations of mathematics. By bringing together contributions from researchers who approach the mathematical sciences from different perspectives, the volume will further readers' understanding of the multifaceted role of mathematics in modern science, informed by the state of the art in mathematics, scientific computing, and current modeling techniques.
Book Synopsis Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science by : Heidi E. Grasswick
Download or read book Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science written by Heidi E. Grasswick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-16 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having enjoyed more than twenty years of development, feminist epistemology and philosophy of science are now thriving fields of inquiry, offering current scholars a rich tradition from which to draw. In addition to a recognition of the power of knowledge itself and its effects on women’s lives, a central feature of feminist epistemology and philosophy of science has been the attention they draw to the role of power dynamics within knowledge-seeking practices and the implications of these dynamics for our understandings of knowledge, science, and epistemology. Feminist Epistemology and Philosophy of Science: Power in Knowledge collects new works that address today’s key challenges for a power-sensitive feminist approach to questions of knowledge and scientific practice. The essays build upon established work in feminist epistemology and philosophy of science, offering new developments in the fields, and representing the broad array of the feminist work now being done and the many ways in which feminists incorporate power dynamics into their analyses.
Book Synopsis The Epistemological Spectrum by : David K. Henderson
Download or read book The Epistemological Spectrum written by David K. Henderson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Henderson and Horgan set out a broad new approach to epistemology. They defend the roles of the a priori and conceptual analysis, but with an essential empirical dimension. 'Transglobal reliability' is the key to epistemic justification. The question of which cognitive processes are reliable depends on contingent facts about human capacities.
