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Occupational Risk From Chromium
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Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium by : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium written by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium by : Department of Health and Human Services
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium written by Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the U.S. Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (Public Law 91-596), it established the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Through the Act, Congress charged NIOSH with recommending occupational safety and health standards and describing exposure levels that are safe for various periods of employment, including but not limited to the exposures at which no worker will suffer diminished health, functional capacity, or life expectancy because of his or her work experience. Criteria documents contain a critical review of the scientific and technical information about the prevalence of hazards, the existence of safety and health risks, and the adequacy of control methods. By means of criteria documents, NIOSH communicates these recommended standards to regulatory agencies, including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), health professionals in academic institutions, industry, organized labor, public interest groups, and others in the occupational safety and health community. This criteria document is derived from the NIOSH evaluation of critical health effects studies of occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) compounds. It provides recommendations for controlling workplace exposures including a revised recommended exposure limit (REL) derived using current quantitative risk assessment methodology on human health effects data. Cr(VI) compounds include a large group of chemicals with varying chemical properties, uses, and workplace exposures. Their properties include corrosion-resistance, durability, and hardness. Sodium dichromate is the most common chromium chemical from which other Cr(VI) compounds may be produced. Materials containing Cr(VI) include various paint and primer pigments, graphic art supplies, fungicides, corrosion inhibitors, and wood preservatives. Some of the industries in which the largest numbers of workers are exposed to high concentrations of Cr(VI) compounds include electroplating, welding, and painting. An estimated 558,000 U.S. workers are exposed to airborne Cr(VI) compounds in the workplace.
Book Synopsis Occupational Risk from Chromium by :
Download or read book Occupational Risk from Chromium written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Navy (Navy) operations require the use of chrome (Cr) compounds in its various defense program activities. However, certain forms of Cr have been shown to cause acute and chronic toxicity. A reduction in the OSHA PEL from 0.5 mg/m3 to 0.0005 mg/m3 has been proposed. Accordingly, the Navy and the Department of Defense (DoD) are concerned over the potential for any adverse affect occurring among the exposed personnel. Currently available chrome toxicity information were reviewed and assessed in this report. Existing epidemiological data and pharmacokinetic models suggest that cancer potency may vary with solubility and form of hexavalent chrome. A new analytical method, ID 215, is now available that identifies hexavalent Cr at the proposed levels. Personal samples analyzed using this method were obtained from the Navy Occupational Exposure Database and evaluated. Estimated potential risk to Naval personnel from hexavalent chrome exposure, assuming no personal protective equipment, were in the 1/10000 range for the majority of the processes monitored. The highest risks calculated were in the 1/100 to 1/1000 range for abrasive blasting using mineral spirits and sand. Several operations, however, would require the use of respiratory protection and, therefore, risk would be expected to be appreciably less. In general, exposure levels analyzed using ID-2l5 method were generally one order of magnitude below current standards.
Author :U.s. Department of Health and Human Services Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781495287336 Total Pages :592 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (873 download)
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Chromium by : U.s. Department of Health and Human Services
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Chromium written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-01-22 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the toxic substances each profile describes. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented but is described in less detail than the key studies. The profile is not intended to be an exhaustive document; however, more comprehensive sources of specialty information are referenced. The profiles focus on health and toxicologic information; therefore, each toxicological profile begins with a public health statement that describes, in nontechnical language, a substance's relevant toxicological properties. Following the public health statement is information concerning levels of significant human exposure and, where known, significant health effects. A health effects summary describes the adequacy of information to determine a substance's health effects. ATSDR identifies data needs that are significant to protection of public health. Each profile: (A) Examines, summarizes, and interprets available toxicologic information and epidemiologic evaluations on a toxic substance to ascertain the levels of significant human exposure for the substance and the associated acute, subacute, and chronic health effects; (B) Determines whether adequate information on the health effects of each substance is available or being developed to determine levels of exposure that present a significant risk to human health of acute, subacute, and chronic health effects; and (C) Where appropriate, identifies toxicologic testing needed to identify the types or levels of exposure that may present significant risk of adverse health effects in humans.
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium by :
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Criteria for a Recommended Standard by : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Download or read book Criteria for a Recommended Standard written by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this criteria document, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) reviews the critical health effects studies of hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) compounds in order to update its assessment of the potential health effects of occupational exposure to Cr(VI) compounds and its recommendations to prevent and control these workplace exposures. NIOSH reviews the following aspects of workplace exposure to Cr(VI) compounds: the potential for exposures (Chapter 2), analytical methods and considerations (Chapter 3), human health effects (Chapter 4), experimental studies (Chapter 5), and quantitative risk assessments (Chapter 6). Based on evaluation of this information, NIOSH provides recommendations for a revised recommended exposure limit (REL) for Cr(VI) compounds (Chapter 7) and other recommendations for risk management (Chapter 8). This criteria document supersedes previous NIOSH Cr(VI) policy statements, including the 1975 NIOSH Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Chromium(VI) and NIOSH Testimony to OSHA on the Proposed Rule on Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium [NIOSH 1975a, 2005a]. Key information in this document, including the NIOSH site visits and the NIOSH quantitative risk assessment, were previously submitted to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and were publicly available during the OSHA Cr(VI) rule-making process. OSHA published its final standard for Cr(VI) compounds in 2006 [71 Fed. Reg. 10099 (2006)]. Cr(VI) compounds include a large group of chemicals with varying chemical properties, uses, and workplace exposures. Their properties include corrosion-resistance, durability, and hardness. Workers may be exposed to airborne Cr(VI) when these compounds are manufactured from other forms of Cr (e.g., the production of chromates from chromite ore); when products containing Cr(VI) are used to manufacture other products (e.g., chromate-containing paints, electroplating); or when products containing other forms of Cr are used in processes that result in the formation of Cr(VI) as a by-product (e.g., welding). In the marketplace, the most prevalent materials that contain chromium are chromite ore, chromium chemicals, ferroalloys, and metal. Sodium dichromate is the most common chromium chemical from which other Cr(VI) compounds may be produced. Cr(VI) compounds commonly manufactured include sodium dichromate, sodium chromate, potassium dichromate, potassium chromate, ammonium dichromate, and Cr(VI) oxide. Other manufactured materials containing Cr(VI) include various paint and primer pigments, graphic arts supplies, fungicides, and corrosion inhibitors. An estimated 558,000 U.S. workers are exposed to airborne Cr(VI) compounds in the workplace. Some of the industries in which the largest numbers of workers are exposed to high concentrations of airborne Cr(VI) compounds include electroplating, welding, and painting. An estimated 1,045,500 U.S. workers have dermal exposure to Cr(VI) in cement, primarily in the construction industry.
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Division of Occupational Health Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :160 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (43 download)
Book Synopsis Health of Workers in Chromate Producing Industry by : United States. Public Health Service. Division of Occupational Health
Download or read book Health of Workers in Chromate Producing Industry written by United States. Public Health Service. Division of Occupational Health and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781494218652 Total Pages :164 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (186 download)
Book Synopsis Criteria for a Recommended Standard by : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Download or read book Criteria for a Recommended Standard written by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this criteria document, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) reviews the critical health effects studies of hexavalent chromium (Cr VI]) compounds in order to update its assessment of the potential health effects of occupational exposure to Cr(VI) compounds and its recommendations to prevent and control these workplace exposures. NIOSH reviews the following aspects of workplace exposure to Cr(VI) compounds: the potential for exposures (Chapter 2), analytical methods and considerations (Chapter 3), human health effects (Chapter 4), experimental studies (Chapter 5), and quantitative risk assessments (Chapter 6). Based on evaluation of this information, NIOSH provides recommendations for a revised recommended exposure limit (REL) for Cr(VI) compounds (Chapter 7) and other recommendations for risk management (Chapter 8).
Author :The Law The Law Library Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781729858356 Total Pages :336 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (583 download)
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium (Us Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulation) (Osha) (2018 Edition) by : The Law The Law Library
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium (Us Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulation) (Osha) (2018 Edition) written by The Law The Law Library and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-11-26 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium (US Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulation) (OSHA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium (US Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulation) (OSHA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is amending the existing standard which limits occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). OSHA has determined based upon the best evidence currently available that at the current permissible exposure limit (PEL) for Cr(VI), workers face a significant risk to material impairment of their health. The evidence in the record for this rulemaking indicates that workers exposed to Cr(VI) are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer. The record also indicates that occupational exposure to Cr(VI) may result in asthma, and damage to the nasal epithelia and skin. This book contains: - The complete text of the Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium (US Occupational Safety and Health Administration Regulation) (OSHA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI). by : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI). written by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Health hazards of chromate pigments and paints by : United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Download or read book Health hazards of chromate pigments and paints written by United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Chromic Acid by : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Chromic Acid written by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational Exposure to Chromium (Vi) by : Education, and Welfare Department of Health
Download or read book Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational Exposure to Chromium (Vi) written by Education, and Welfare Department of Health and published by . This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 emphasizes the need to protect the health and safety of workers exposed to an ever-increasing number of potential hazards at their workplace.
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI) by : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI) written by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chromium Toxicity written by Vikas Kapil and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis OSHA Instruction: National Emphasis Program - Hexavalent Chromium by : U. S. Labor
Download or read book OSHA Instruction: National Emphasis Program - Hexavalent Chromium written by U. S. Labor and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2006, OSHA issued updated standards regulating workplace exposures to hexavalent chromium in general industry, construction, and maritime. This Instruction establishes a National Emphasis Program (NEP) that focuses on the health hazards presented to workers by occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium and a number of other toxic substances often found in conjunction with hexavalent chromium. This Instruction contains directions for identifying and inspecting workplaces where workers are likely to be exposed to hexavalent chromium and the other toxic substances, as well as relevant procedures and plans for compliance assistance. This NEP supersedes all existing Regional and Local Emphasis Programs specifically addressing hexavalent chromium. This Instruction includes the following key elements: Information for selecting sites for inspection, including a list of Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes for industries known to have overexposures to hexavalent chromium; Procedures for conducting thorough inspections with an emphasis on industrial hygiene evaluations; Measures to be taken to ensure the safety and health of OSHA compliance staff while conducting inspections under this Instruction; Program evaluation procedures designed to ensure that the goals of this NEP are measured as accurately as possible. The procedures require Area Offices to conduct follow-up inspections in certain cases, including where overexposures to hexavalent chromium or the other toxic substances targeted by this NEP are cited; and, Plans for outreach to train OSHA compliance staff and the general public on the hazards addressed by this NEP, as well as effective methods for abating those hazards.
Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI) by : National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Download or read book Occupational Exposure to Chromium (VI) written by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
