O conceito de máxima e sua importância para a filosofia moral de Immanuel Kant

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis O conceito de máxima e sua importância para a filosofia moral de Immanuel Kant by : Júlia Aschermann Mendes de Almeida

Download or read book O conceito de máxima e sua importância para a filosofia moral de Immanuel Kant written by Júlia Aschermann Mendes de Almeida and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Em sua filosofia prática, Kant busca um princípio a priori e, portanto, inteiramente racional para fundamentar o que ele define como uma ação genuinamente moral. Tal ação é chamada de ação por dever, e precisaser realizada não apenas em conformidade externa com a lei moral: é também necessário ter como móbil o respeito que tal lei suscita, além denão se sujeitar a interesses egoístas ou motivações empíricas. O autorformula um procedimento de averiguação moral, capaz de julgar a correção de nossas máximas, chamado Imperativo Categórico, que pode ser assim descrito, de acordo com a obra Fundamentação da metafísica dos costumes: Age de maneira tal que seja possível desejar que a máxima da ação deva tornar-se lei universal. Kant diz serem a liberdade e a autonomia da vontade os princípios necessários à moralidade. Defende, também, que precisamente a moralidade deva ser entendida como prova da existência destes princípios, que se caracterizam por seu caráter apriorístico. O texto O conceito de máxima e suas implicações para a filosofia moral de Immanuel Kant é uma pesquisa investigativa que tem por objetivo analisar oconceito kantiano de máximas, bem como suas implicações à teoria moral deste filósofo. As máximas são princípios práticos subjetivos, que podem ser descritos do seguinte modo: Em situações do tipo A, devo agir de modo B. Estudaremos nesta Dissertação de Mestrado quais as implicações das diferentes interpretações do conceito de máxima para a filosofia prática kantiana. Além disso, examinaremos a vinculação das máximas com os imperativos, na medida em que estes são os responsáveis pelo julgamento moral daquelas e, portanto, capazes de elevá-las, caso possam ser universalizadas, a leis morais. Baseamo-nos no estudo das três obras kantianas mais relevantes sobre filosofia moral: Fundamentação da metafísica dos costumes (1785), Crítica da razão prática (1788) e Doutrina da virtude (a segunda parte da Metafísica dos costumes 1797). Interessa-nos poder responder, entre outras, à questão: como pode ser o caso de haver fraqueza da vontade se sempre agimos por máximas? Para tanto, discutiremos o que é a fraqueza da vontade, qual a relação entre as máximas e a razão prática, a tese da incorporação, o autoengano e a generalidade que uma máxima pode assumir. Nesse sentido, ressaltaremos a importância da deliberação do agente, da íntima relação entre as máximas e a autonomia, a liberdade e a espontaneidade.

Crítica da razão prática

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Publisher : Editora Vozes Limitada
ISBN 13 : 8532655890
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis Crítica da razão prática by : Immanuel Kant

Download or read book Crítica da razão prática written by Immanuel Kant and published by Editora Vozes Limitada. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essa obra mostra-se fundamental para a compreensão da filosofia moral kantiana na medida em que Kant, respondendo às diversas objeções levantadas por seus contemporâneos, oferece uma nova exposição da razão prática pura - com recurso à polêmica noção de "fato da razão" -, apresenta uma concepção mais elaborada do conceito de respeito enquanto sentimento moral e introduz os conceitos de sumo bem e de postulados práticos para dar resposta ao problema da relação entre felicidade e virtude.

A Moral e a justiça no pensamento de Immanuel Kant

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis A Moral e a justiça no pensamento de Immanuel Kant by : Rafael Padilha dos Santos

Download or read book A Moral e a justiça no pensamento de Immanuel Kant written by Rafael Padilha dos Santos and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: O tema deste trabalho é a moral e a justiça no pensamento de Immanuel Kant, a moral enquanto campo do conhecimento voltado à conduta humana, a justiça enquanto condição fundamental para completar-se o fimúltimo da Doutrina do Direito nos limites da simples razão, que é a instituição universal e duradoura da paz: Estados sob uma Constituição republicana, uma República mundial e uma comunidade universal. A justiça é tema de grande envergadura na filosofia de Kant, podendo ser concebida no estado de natureza, no estado civil, a partir da conformidade a leis empíricas, a partir da conformidade a princípios racionais, na relação entre indivíduos, entre Estados e entre Estados e indivíduos. Para tratar sobre esta matéria, este estudo percorreu todo o sistema da filosofia prática kantiana, para o que foi fundamental analisar aspectos destacados acerca da moral e o binômio ético e jurídico no pensamento de Kant. De um modo geral, é possível afirmar que a justiça em Kant é uma conformidade a leis externas, sejam estas leis naturais externas (princípios racionais a priori), sejam leis positivas. Com a idéia de justiça, Kant entrona os parâmetros racionais no fundamento da ordem política e jurídica, e o faz fornecendo especial relevância ao trabalho dos cientistas jurídicos, que devem cultivar-se na via do esclarecimento para, mediante o uso público da sua razão, alumiar mudanças na sociedade em direção a uma sociedade civil que administre universalmente o direito, que proporcione a máxima liberdade e resguarde os limites desta liberdade, garantindo que a humanidade desenvolva plenamente as suas melhores disposições.

Kant and Applied Ethics

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118114132
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Kant and Applied Ethics by : Matthew C. Altman

Download or read book Kant and Applied Ethics written by Matthew C. Altman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-26 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kant and Applied Ethics makes an important contribution to Kant scholarship, illuminating the vital moral parameters of key ethical debates. Offers a critical analysis of Kant’s ethics, interrogating the theoretical bases of his theory and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses Examines the controversies surrounding the most important ethical discussions taking place today, including abortion, the death penalty, and same-sex marriage Joins innovative thinkers in contemporary Kantian scholarship, including Christine Korsgaard, Allen Wood, and Barbara Herman, in taking Kant’s philosophy in new and interesting directions Clarifies Kant's legacy for applied ethics, helping us to understand how these debates have been structured historically and providing us with the philosophical tools to address them

The Value of Humanity in Kant's Moral Theory

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199285721
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis The Value of Humanity in Kant's Moral Theory by : Richard Dean

Download or read book The Value of Humanity in Kant's Moral Theory written by Richard Dean and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-11 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The humanity formulation of Kant's Categorical Imperative demands that we treat humanity as an end in itself. Because this principle resonates with currently influential ideals of human rights and dignity, contemporary readers often find it compelling, even if the rest of Kant's moral philosophy leaves them cold. Moreover, some prominent specialists in Kant's ethics have recently turned to the humanity formulation as the most theoretically central and promising principle of Kant'sethics. Nevertheless, it has received less attention than many other aspects of Kant's ethics. Richard Dean offers the most sustained and systematic examination of the humanity formulation to date. He presents an original analysis of what it means to treat humanity as an end in itself, and examinesthe implications both for Kant scholarship and for practical guidance on specific moral issues.

Human Welfare and Moral Worth

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199252629
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Welfare and Moral Worth by : Thomas E. Hill

Download or read book Human Welfare and Moral Worth written by Thomas E. Hill and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume II of the exclusive behind-the-scenes diaries of one of Ireland's most hard-working politicians ... Another hilarious account of local politics from Pat Shortt's legendary creation, the esteemed Councillor Maurice Hickey. The sequel to the popular I will in me Politics which was a runaway success - features a host of hilarious and recognisable characters.

Philosophical Essays

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Essays by :

Download or read book Philosophical Essays written by and published by . This book was released on 1780 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Duties Regarding Nature

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317498445
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Duties Regarding Nature by : Toby Svoboda

Download or read book Duties Regarding Nature written by Toby Svoboda and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Toby Svoboda develops and defends a Kantian environmental virtue ethic, challenging the widely-held view that Kant's moral philosophy has little to offer environmental ethics. On the contrary, Svoboda contends that on Kantian grounds, there is good moral reason to care about non-human organisms in their own right and to value their flourishing independently of human interests, since doing so is constitutive of certain (environmental) virtues. Svoboda argues that Kant’s account of indirect duties regarding nature can ground a compelling environmental ethic: the Kantian duty to develop morally virtuous dispositions strictly proscribes unnecessarily harming organisms, and it also gives us moral reason to act in ways that benefit such organisms. Svoboda’s account engages the recent literature on environmental virtue (including Rosalind Hursthouse, Philip Cafaro, Ronald Sandler, Thomas Hill, and Louke van Wensveen) and provides an original argument for an environmental ethic firmly rooted in Kant’s moral philosophy.

On Manners

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135164312
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis On Manners by : Karen Stohr

Download or read book On Manners written by Karen Stohr and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Karen Stohr draws primarily on Aristotle and Kant while referring to a wide range of cultural examples—from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice to Larry David’s Curb Your Enthusiasm—to argue that good manners are an essential component of moral character.

Innovation and Quality in the University

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Publisher : EDIPUCRS
ISBN 13 : 8574307688
Total Pages : 641 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovation and Quality in the University by :

Download or read book Innovation and Quality in the University written by and published by EDIPUCRS. This book was released on 2008 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Fiction of Narrative

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Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 0801894808
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fiction of Narrative by : Hayden White

Download or read book The Fiction of Narrative written by Hayden White and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For students and scholars of historiography, the theory of history, and literary studies, Robert Doran (French and comparative literature, U. of Rochester) gathers together 23 previously uncollected essays written by theorist and historian Hayden White (comparative literature, Stanford U.) from 1957 to 2007, on his theories of historical writing and narrative. Essays are organized chronologically and reveal the evolution of White's thought and its relationship to theories of the time, as well as the impact on the way scholars think about historical representation, the discipline of history, and how historiography intersects with other areas, especially literary studies. They specifically address theory of tropes, theory of narrative, and figuralism.

Historical Research in Music Education

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (688 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Research in Music Education by : George N. Heller

Download or read book Historical Research in Music Education written by George N. Heller and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Of Death

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Publisher : Co-Im-Press
ISBN 13 : 9781947918016
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Of Death by : Hilda Hilst

Download or read book Of Death written by Hilda Hilst and published by Co-Im-Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poetry. Latinx Studies. Translated by Laura Cesarco Eglin. If life is no more than a prolonged flirtation with death, then Hilda Hilst's OF DEATH. MINIMAL ODES is the true account of a lifelong seduction. It is at once both a reverie and reliquary, as the poet imagines and reimagines that most paradoxical moment of disintegration--the corporeal flesh fusing with death's own dark corpus. With a visceral-mystical poetic voice that is as teasingly unrestrained as it is intellectually sublime, Hilst's odes enact a baroque danse macabre, where the poet revels in the incongruities of simultaneously seeking the sacred and profane. Translating the first collection of Hilda Hilst's significant body of poetry to appear in English, Laura Cescarco Eglin renders the imagery and philosophical complexity of these minimal odes with brio, while preserving the playful tone and lush melodies that mark OF DEATH. MINIMAL ODES as uniquely Hilstian. "The spare but ornate poems in this collection are startling the way a menagerie of creatures can be startling when the creatures themselves are composed of animal bits: claw, fur, 'brain and hooves / in the pitch dark.' Each minimal ode addresses death who becomes at times a lover, a sister, a slow-moving and wild mammal ever arriving. Hilst builds 'passageways' for death with each line--corridors which are 'Intricate. In knots.' The reader cannot help but join the poet in calling out the various names for death: 'Amber / Bundle of flutes / Gutter / Light.' And these are rendered stunningly in English by Laura Cesarco Eglin, who carries over every verse with clarity and care as though she were holding up pieces of glass to sunlight."--Carolina Ebeid "Before gaining notoriety for her highly original, experimental, and provocative works of fiction, Hilda Hilst engraved her name in Brazilian literary circles as a poet. OF DEATH. MINIMAL ODES, newly and assuredly translated by Laura Cesarco Eglin, shows Hilst the poet at her distilled best. As much a multimedia conversation with poetry as with life, death, and herself, Hilst poses essential questions whose answers lie at the core of these poems."--John Keene "In OF DEATH. MINIMAL ODES by Brazilian writer Hilda Hilst, death and poetry are lifelong bedfellows. In fact, they engage in a natural partnership, or, to borrow from the poet herself, a sisterhood-in-dialogue that is at once serious and seductive, playful, perilous, and habitual. Hilst's creative wordplays and tonal spectrum, by contrast, are extraordinary, and Laura Cesarco Eglin's translation matches her inventiveness with equal illumination. Hilst's verses affirm the common ground that exists between life and death, and carry with them a vibrant, volatile charge that accompanies this complicit union."--Marguerite Itamar Harrison, Associate Professor of Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, Smith College "The poetry of Hilda Hilst is fundamental--in every sense. Thanks to Laura Cesarco Eglin, who has accepted the challenge of translating these verses brimming with sensuality and music, a little more of Hilst's work is made known to the world. I welcome this partnership."--Adriana Lisboa

Greek Natural Philosophy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781516554270
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (542 download)

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Book Synopsis Greek Natural Philosophy by : John Baird Callicott

Download or read book Greek Natural Philosophy written by John Baird Callicott and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greek Natural Philosophy presents the primary sources on the Presocratics in a straightforward way in order to tell a coherent story about the astonishing development of natural philosophy in ancient Greece and its relevance today. The book begins with historical influences on the birth of natural philosophy, especially literacy and the ecosystem services provided by the natural environment of ancient Greece. It argues that the individual philosophers' thoughts about the nature of the cosmos, living things, humankind, and human culture were linked by a "diachronic dialectic of ideas." Each philosopher's speculations were subjected to a critique by the next generation who crafted more subtle theories. The dialectical transition is traced from the mythopoeic worldview of Hesiod to the rational worldview of Thales and his Milesian successors, followed by Xenophanes and Heraclitus, then Parmenides and his Eleatic successors, and the qualitative pluralisms of Anaxagoras and Empedocles. An entirely fresh interpretation is provided of the Atomists and later Pythagoreans, whose work culminated in the ideas upon which Galileo, Newton, and the other architects of modern science, continued to build. In the span of only two centuries, the Presocratics developed the basic principles of philosophy and natural science, ecology, mathematical astronomy, the atomic theory of matter, an inertial theory of motion, and the possibility that our solar system is only one of infinitely many scattered throughout infinite time and space. The concluding chapter traces natural philosophy through subsequent centuries until its abandonment in 20th century philosophy, leading to the moribund state of philosophy by the end of that century. The authors show how environmental philosophy represents a return to natural philosophy and a model for the revival of philosophy's vigor and relevance in the 21st century. Greek Natural Philosophy is suitable for undergraduate and graduate courses in ancient Greek philosophy or in environmental philosophy, and will be of interest to scholars in these fields.

Agency and Autonomy in Kant's Moral Theory

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Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 0191537195
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Agency and Autonomy in Kant's Moral Theory by : Andrews Reath

Download or read book Agency and Autonomy in Kant's Moral Theory written by Andrews Reath and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2006-02-23 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Andrews Reath presents a selection of his best essays on various features of Kant's moral psychology and moral theory, with particular emphasis on his conception of rational agency and his conception of autonomy. The opening essays explore different elements of Kant's views about motivation, including his account of respect for morality as the distinctive moral motive and his view of the principle of happiness as a representation of the shared structure of non-moral choice. These essays stress the unity of Kant's moral psychology by arguing that moral and non-moral considerations motivate in essentially the same way. Several of the essays develop an original approach to Kant's conception of autonomy that emphasizes the political metaphors found throughout Kant's writings on ethics. They argue that autonomy is best interpreted not as a psychological capacity, but as a kind of sovereignty: in claiming that moral agents have autonomy, Kant regards them as a kind of sovereign legislator with the power to give moral law through their willing. The final essays explore some of the implications of this conception of autonomy elsewhere in Kant's moral thought, arguing that his Formula of Universal Law uses this conception of autonomy to generate substantive moral principles and exploring the connection between Kantian self-legislation and duties to oneself. The collection offers revised versions of several previously published essays, as well as two new papers, 'Autonomy of the Will as the Foundation of Morality' and 'Agency and Universal Law'. It will be of interest to all students and scholars of Kant, and to many moral philosophers.

The Ethics of Tax Evasion

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461412870
Total Pages : 678 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Tax Evasion by : Robert W. McGee

Download or read book The Ethics of Tax Evasion written by Robert W. McGee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-21 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do people evade paying taxes? This is the central question addressed in this volume by Robert McGee and a multidisciplinary group of contributors from around the world. Applying insights from economics, public finance, political science, law, philosophy, theology and sociology, the authors consider the complex motivations for not paying taxes and the conditions under which this behavior might be rationalized. Applying theoretical approaches as well as empirical research, The Ethics of Tax Evasion considers three general arguments for tax evasion: (1) in cases where the government is corrupt or engaged in human rights abuses; (2) where citizens claim inability to pay, unfairness in the tax system, paying for things that do not benefit the taxpayer, excessively high tax rates, or where taxes are used to support an unpopular war; and (3) through philosophical, moral, or religious opposition. The authors further explore these issues by asking whether attitudes toward tax evasion differ by country or other demographic variables such as gender, age, ethnicity, income level, marital status, education or religion. The result is a multi-faceted analysis of tax evasion in cultural and institutional context, and, more generally, a study in ethical dilemmas and rational decision making.

Architecture of Brazil

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146145431X
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture of Brazil by : Hugo Segawa

Download or read book Architecture of Brazil written by Hugo Segawa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architecture of Brazil: 1900-1990 examines the processes that underpin modern Brazilian architecture under various influences and characterizes different understandings of modernity, evident in the chapter topics of this book. Accordingly, the author does not give overall preference to particular architects nor works, with the exception of a few specific works and architects, including Warchavchik, Niemeyer, Lucio Costa, and Vilanova Artigas.