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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Structure Studies from Prompt Gamma-ray Spectroscopy of Fission Fragments written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dennis Wilmsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Structure Studies with Neutron-induced Reactions written by Dennis Wilmsen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the scope of atomic nuclear structure studies with neutron-induced reactions, this work presents the results of a fission fragment study in the N=50-60 region, the development of a fission event tagger, and the production of the isomer Pt-195m. Each of the different sub-topics has its origin in the 2012/13 EXILL campaign, where nuclear structure studies were carried out with neutron-induced reactions, and explored with a [gamma]-efficient detector array. In the first part of this thesis, the neutron-rich region around neutron number N=50-60 was investigated with neutron-induced fission reactions on the fissile targets U-235 and Pu-241. Gamma spectroscopy methods were applied for the identification of the respective fission fragments, the assignment of [gamma] transitions, and the analysis of lifetimes of excited states. The slope fit method as well as the recently developed generalized centroid difference method were used for the analysis of lifetimes in the low picoseconds to sub-nanoseconds range. Lifetimes for the nuclei Kr-92, Kr-93 and Zr-101 are presented. In the second part, first results of the development of a new detector for the discrimination of fission fragments are presented. This fission event tagger is intended to be used at the FIssion Product Prompt [gamma]-ray Spectrometer (FIPPS) at the Institut Laue-Langevin. Within the scope of this study, two different detector designs, based on a solid plastic scintillator and an organic liquid scintillator, respectively, were tested. In the third part the possibility of the specific population of the spin-isomer in Pt-195 is discussed with special regard to its use as radioisotope in nuclear medicine. Such a specific activation could be realized via certain "doorway states" in photo-excitation reactions. The search for these doorway states was initiated within a neutron capture experiment at EXILL where potential states were found. The activation of the isomer via these states was tested afterwards with photonuclear reactions using the high intense [gamma]-beam HIGS of the TUNL facility.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Structure and Shapes from Prompt Gamma Ray Spectroscopy of Fission Products written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many nuclear shape phenomena are predicted to occur in neutron-rich nuclei. The best source for the production of these nuclides is the spontaneous fission which produces practically hundreds of nuclides with yields of greater than 0.1 % per decay. Measurements of coincident gamma rays with large Ge arrays have recently been made to obtain information on nuclear structures and shapes of these neutron- rich nuclei. Among the important results that have been obtained from such measurements are octupole correlations in Ba isotopes, triaxial shapes in Ru nuclei, two-phonon vibrations in 1°6Mo and level lifetimes and quadrupole moments in Nd isotopes and A=100 nuclei. These data have been used to test theoretical models.
Author : Joseph H Hamilton
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814525448
Total Pages : 746 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)
Download or read book Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Fifth International Conference On Icfn5 written by Joseph H Hamilton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-09-16 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings are the fifth in the series of International Conferences covering fission and properties of neutron-rich nuclei, which are at the forefront of nuclear research. The time interval of 5 years between each conference allows for significant new results to be achieved. Recently, world leaders in theory and experiments in research and the development of new facilities for research presented their latest results in areas such as synthesis of superheavy elements, new facilities for and recent results with radioactive ion beams, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, nuclear fission process, fission yields and nuclear astrophysics. This book is a major source of the latest research in these areas and plans for the future. The conference brought together a unique group of over 100 speakers including leaders from the major nuclear laboratories in Canada, China, France, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Switerzland and the US along with leading research scientists from around the world.
Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812833439
Total Pages : 769 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (128 download)
Download or read book Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei - Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings are the fourth in the series of International Conferences covering fission and properties of neutron-rich nuclei, which are at the forefront of nuclear structure research. The time interval of 5 years between each conference allows for significant new results to be achieved. Recently, world leaders in theory and experiments in research and the development of new facilities for research presented their latest results in areas such as synthesis of superheavy elements, new facilities for and recent results with radioactive ion beams, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, nuclear fission process, fission yields and nuclear astrophysics. This book is a major source of the latest research in these areas and plans for the future. The conference brought together a unique group of over 100 speakers including the directors of the major nuclear laboratories in Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and the US along with leading research scientists from around the world.
Author : Joseph H. Hamilton
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812383867
Total Pages : 859 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Fission and Properties of Neutron-rich Nuclei written by Joseph H. Hamilton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents more than 100 papers devoted to the understanding of fission processes and neutron-rich nuclei. All forms of fission, from spontaneous fission of 252Cf to high-energy fragmentation, are included. Together with studies on properties of neutron-rich nuclei and astrophysics, the book also features new experimental techniques, directions and the emerging new radioactive beam facilities.
Author : Joseph H Hamilton
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813229438
Total Pages : 684 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)
Download or read book Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Sixth International Conference On Icfn6 written by Joseph H Hamilton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim and scope of the conference and book were to bring world leaders in the areas of fission, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, superheavy elements, astrophysics and new facilities for these research areas to present the latest developments in both theory and experiment to serve as benchmarks for future research.World leaders describe the latest research including development of new facilities under construction to point out the latest and future direction in research. These proceedings are published following the conferences every four to five years since 1997.
Author : Nathan T. Brewer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (837 download)
Download or read book Measurements from the Prompt and Delayed Radiation of Fission Fragments written by Nathan T. Brewer and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fast-neutron-induced Fission Studied by Gamma-spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prompt gamma-ray and x-ray spectroscopy techniques are being employed to study fast-neutron-induced fission of actinides to determine independent (pre-beta-decay) yields for a wide range of product nuclides. Data are acquired using the GEANIE high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometer at the LANSCE/WNR unmoderated spallation neutron source providing neutrons with energies from below 1 MeV to over 400 MeV. Three different techniques (identification by characteristic gamma rays, by gamma-gamma coincidences, and by fission-gamma coincidences) are being used to gather complementary data sets from which detailed fission yields can be extracted. From these data, mass and charge distributions are determined over a wide incident-neutron energy range. The phenomena of interest include the transition from asymmetric to symmetric fission, the competition between neutron and gamma-ray emission, nuclear structure effects in fission and the angular momentum imparted to the fission products. Results for 238U and 236U are presented.
Author : Joseph H Hamilton
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814485446
Total Pages : 859 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)
Download or read book Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Third International Conference written by Joseph H Hamilton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003-10-16 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents more than 100 papers devoted to the understanding of fission processes and neutron-rich nuclei. All forms of fission, from spontaneous fission of 252Cf to high-energy fragmentation, are included. Together with studies on properties of neutron-rich nuclei and astrophysics, the book also features new experimental techniques, directions and the emerging new radioactive beam facilities.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Neutron Multiplicities in Spontaneous Fission and Nuclear Structure Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New insights into the fission process can be gained by better quantitative knowledge of how the energy released in fission is distributed between the kinetic energy of the two fragments, the excitation energy of the two fragments and the number of neutrons emitted. Studies of prompt gamma-rays emitted in spontaneous fission (SF) with large arrays of Compton suppressed Ge detector arrays are providing new quantitative answers to longstanding questions concerning fission as well as new insights into the structure of neutron-rich nuclei. For the first time the triple gamma coincidence technique was employed in spontaneous fission studies. Studies of SF of 252Cf and 242Pu have been carried out. These [gamma]-[gamma]-[gamma] data provide powerful ways to identify uniquely gamma rays from a particular nucleus in the very complex gamma-ray spectra given off by the over 100 different nuclei produced. The emphasis of this paper is on the first quantitative measurements of the multiplicities of the neutrons emitted in SF and the energy levels populated in the fragments. Indeed, in the break up into Mo-Ba pairs, we have identified for the first time fragments associated with from zero up to ten neutrons emitted and observed the excited energy states populated in these nuclei. The zero neutron emission pairs like 1°4Mo- 148Ba, 1°6Mo- 146Ba and 1°4Zr- 148Ce observed in this work are particularly interesting because they represent a type of cold fission or a new mode of cluster radioactivity as proposed by Greiner, Sandulescu and co-workers. These data provide new insights into the processes of cluster radioactivity and cold fission.
Author : Till Von Egidy
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814546151
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)
Download or read book Research With Fission Fragments - International Workshop written by Till Von Egidy and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997-06-27 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acceleration of radioactive beams is a new and attractive field in nuclear physics. One of the most intense sources of very neutron-rich radioactive isotopes can be obtained by fission in a special uranium target close to the core of a research reactor. Two such installations are being planned: the PIAFE project in Grenoble and a similar facility at the new Munich research reactor FRM II. Accelerated fission fragments will facilitate the production of the heaviest elements by fusion and the investigation of nuclear structure and nuclear reactions for astrophysical purposes. This book discusses the application of fission fragments for many research fields.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)
Download or read book Insights Into Nuclear Structure and the Fission Process from Spontaneous Fission written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The [gamma]-rays emitted following spontaneous and induced fission are rich sources of information about the structure of neutron-rich nuclei and about the fission process itself. The study of spontaneous fissioning isotopes with large Ge detector arrays are providing a wealth of such information as seen, for example, in recent reports. In this paper we present some of our most recent results on nuclear structure studies and conclusions on the fission process itself. In our work, we have employed in spontaneous fission, a triple gamma coincidence study for the first time and a high resolution, X-ray detector-[gamma]-coincidence study. These data provide powerful ways of separating the gamma rays which belong to a particular nucleus. The triple coincidence technique was used to uniquely identify the levels in 136Te and higher spin states in its N=84 isotones, 138Xe and 14°Ba171. Some other examples of the level structures observed in the low and high mass partners are presented, including a detailed analysis of the backbending of the moment of inertia in {sup 112,114,116}Pd. Finally, we present the first examples of how our analysis allows one to extract a detailed picture of the dependence of the angular momentum on the mass and atomic numbers of the fission fragments and of the long-sought neutron multiplicity distribution from zero-n to ten-n as a function of the charge and mass asymmetry.
Download or read book Nuclear Shapes from Spectroscopic Studies of Fission Fragments written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Partial level schemes for several neutron-rich Ba and Ce nuclei have been determined from the study of gamma-gamma coincidences in 252Cf fission fragments. The experiment was performed with the Argonne-Notre Dame gamma ray facility, which consisted of 7 Compton- suppressed Ge detectors, a low-energy photon spectrometer and an inner ball of fourteen hexagonal BGO detectors. Gamma-gamma coincidence events between the Ge detectors, which were accompanied by a gamma in BGO detectors, were accepted. The triple coincidence requirement eliminated most of the beta-decay background. Transitions in individual Ba and Ce nuclei were identified by gating on the known 2 .-->. O gamma rays. Level schemes deduced from these studies indicate interleaved negative and positive parity levels in 144Ba, 146Ba and 146Ce which are connected by fast E1 transitions. Both these features are signature of octupole deformation (reflection asymmetric shape) and are reproduced by recent theoretical calculations. 4 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Author : J. Ero
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Structure Study with Neutrons written by J. Ero and published by Springer. This book was released on 1974-04 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on "Nuclear Structure Study with Neutrons" or ganized in Budapest between 31st July and 5th August. 1972. was the successor of a meeting held seven years ago in Antwerp. The close links between the two conferences were revealed not in name alone but. more importantly. in the choice of subjects discussed. As in Antwerp. the lectures and contributions to the Budapest Conference could be grouped under the following five main headings: nuclear spectroscopy; the optical model; the statistical model and intermediate structures; the mechanism of neutron capture and non-statistical effects; and, finally. miscellaneous special topics. The invited papers on the one hand summarizing recent developments and current thinking in one of the above main topics. and the other surveying the most important results of the contributed papers submitted to the Conference. were presented on the plenary sessions. Most of the contributed papers were read in full on three parallel sessions. This volume contains the complete text of all the lectures delivered in the plenary sessions and abstracts of the contributed papers. The invited talks were presented at the Conference in a rather random order because of technical reasons, it seemed. however, more sensible to change their order according to their subjects and to print them grouped under the above main headings. Further more we divided the Proceedings into two main parts, the first containing only the lectures of summarizing character. the second including the abstracts of the contributions together with the surveying talks.
Author : Joseph Cerny
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323144667
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Spectroscopy and Reactions 40-C written by Joseph Cerny and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Spectroscopy and Reactions, Part C covers information regarding the development of nuclear spectroscopy and its reactions, while emphasizing in-beam spectroscopy. This part covers gamma-ray spectroscopy and other relevant topics that are not discussed in the previous parts. Comprised of only two sections, this book first covers topics relevant to gamma-ray spectroscopy, such as the excitation and reorientation of coulombs; magnetic moments of excited fields; gamma rays from capture reactions; spectroscopy from fission; angular correlation methods; and lifetime measurements. The second section covers other topics that are relevant to nuclear spectroscopy, such as photonuclear reactions; nuclear spectroscopy from delayed particle emission; in-beam atomic spectroscopy; effects of extranuclear fields on nuclear radiations; and a guide to nuclear compilations. This book is written to primarily benefit graduate students who are engaged in research that concerns nuclear spectroscopy.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)
Download or read book The Nuclear Structure of Neutron-rich Isotopes with Z from 38--42 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this report results from a study of the nuclei produced in the spontaneous fission of 248Cm will be presented. The present paper will concentrate on recent results on neutron-rich Sr, Zr and Mo nuclei with N = 58--64. These isotopes are of particular interest because of the way their shapes change as a function of both proton and neutron number. The basic characteristics of these shape changes have been established for some time by [beta] decay studies of low-spin states. The new data on prompt [gamma] rays extend the knowledge of the behavior of these nuclei quite considerably. The great sensitivity of Ge arrays has lead to the observation of non-yrast bands, providing more detailed information on nuclear structure; the large number of detectors and the geometry of the CLOVER detectors incorporated into EUROGAM II have allowed the measurement of angular correlations and linear polarizations, putting spin and parity assignments on to a firm footing; a further advance in the study of fission fragment spectroscopy is the determination of the lifetimes of yrast states by a new Doppler attenuation technique. These lifetime measurements give new information on the way nuclear shapes change as a function of rotational frequency.
