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North Koreas Planned Economy And Marketization
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Book Synopsis North Korea's Planned Economy and Marketization by : Yang Mun-su
Download or read book North Korea's Planned Economy and Marketization written by Yang Mun-su and published by 길잡이미디어. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHAPTER 1: Conventional Planned Economy 1. Framework of a Planned Economy 2. Taean Work System & Unified and Detailed Planning 3. System for Distribution of Food Rations and Other Necessities CHAPTER 2: Planned Economy after the Economic Crisis 1. Contraction and Weakening of the Planned Economy 2. Generalization of Direct Control by the Supreme Leader 3. Collapse of the Ration Distribution System CHAPTER 3: Development of North Korea’s Market ization 1. Conceptual Framework 2. Economic Crisis of the 1990s and the Arduous March 3. After the July 1 Economic Management Improvement Measures 4. Since the Latter Half of the 2000s: Between Restriction and Tolerance of Markets CHAPTER 4: Development, Status, and Structure of North Korea’s Marketization 1. Foreign Dependency of Marketization 2. Rise of Monopolies and Oligopolies & Wealth Disparity due to Collusion Between Government and Businesses 3. Prolonged Marketization and Its Establishment 4. Evaluation of Marketization CHAPTER 5: Characteristics of North Korea’s Dual Economic Structure 1. Dual Economic Structure with Ambiguous Boundaries 2. Coexistence of the Planned and Market Economies 3. Supplementary and Conflicting Relations Between the Planned and Market Economies 4. The North Korean Government’s Dilemma CHAPTER 6: Future of North Korea’s Dual Economic Structure 1. Elements that Spread and Restrain Marketization in North Korea 2. Future Prospects for Marketization in North Korea
Book Synopsis North Korea's Planned Economy and Marketization by : Mun-su Yang
Download or read book North Korea's Planned Economy and Marketization written by Mun-su Yang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Current Situation of Marketization in North Korea and Prospects for Change of Its Economic System by : Hyung-Gon Jeong
Download or read book The Current Situation of Marketization in North Korea and Prospects for Change of Its Economic System written by Hyung-Gon Jeong and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The changes taking place in North Korea's political, military, and economic aspects since Kim Jong-un inherited power, are drawing the world's attention. In particular, as the Kim Jong-un regime places greater importance on the economy, there is a growing international interest as to whether the new economic measures will bring about positive changes in North Korea. Current policies of the North bear many startling resemblances to the reform policies of former socialist countries. At present, the time might not yet be ripe for predicting North Korea's full transition to a market economy. However, the Stalinist state has been placed in an abnormal situation where a planned economy and markets coexist in the country. As it is not likely that the socialist-planned economy would prosper in such a situation, for North Korea, the transition to a market economy is almost inevitable.This report studies the marketization of North Korea and seeks to forecast the possibility of change in its economic system in commemoration of the advent of the new Kim Jong-un regime as well as the tenth anniversary of the “July 1st Economic Reform Measures” in 2012. The advances in marketization are likely to result in the weakening of the state control of North Korean authorities. In addition, the spread of markets suggests the high possibility of transition to a market economy, which occurred previously in socialist states in Eastern Europe and China.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Segmentation and Economic Changes in North Korea by : Park Hyeong Jung, Choi Sahyun
Download or read book Fiscal Segmentation and Economic Changes in North Korea written by Park Hyeong Jung, Choi Sahyun and published by 길잡이미디어. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of North Korea's fiscal segmentation can be categorized largely into four periods headed by different entities. First, between 1953 and 1972, Kim Il-sung created special budget to maintain political power. Second, from 1972 to 1984, Kim Jong-il gave birth to suryong economy to consolidate hereditary power succession. Third, from 1985 to 1994, party-state agencies began foreign currency earning activites. Finally, from 1995 to the present, in addition to the suryong economyand major party-state bodies, the foreign currency earning activities of party-state bodies for off-budget revenue have been gereralized and become the backbone of North Korean party-state bodies' budget system. This paper addresses the process of fiscal segmentation from the second period onwards. 1.Fiscal Segmentation in North Korea 2.1972－1984: Advent of Suryong Economy and the Expansion of the Market A. The Rise of Suryong Economy B. Economic Hardship and the Expansion of the Market C.The Monopoly of Foreign Currency Earnings by the Party Center D. The Decay of the Planned-Economy 3.1985－1995: Surge in Foreign Currency Earning Activities of Major Party-state Agencies A. Expansion of Foreign Currency Earning Agencies B. The Generalization of Foreign Currency Earning Activities of the Party-State Agencies in the Early 1990s 4.Post 1995: ‘Songun (Military First)’ Policy and the Expansion of the Market A. The Generalization of Public Agencies’ Foreign Currency Earning B. Kim Jong-il’s Style of Economic Management C. Agents of the Private Economy Strengthened 5. Summary and Conclusion
Book Synopsis Unveiling the North Korean Economy by : Byung-Yeon Kim
Download or read book Unveiling the North Korean Economy written by Byung-Yeon Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-08 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, systematic analysis of the North Korean economy, exposing its hidden workings through quantitative data analysis and surveys.
Book Synopsis North Korea in the World Economy by : Eun Kwan Choi
Download or read book North Korea in the World Economy written by Eun Kwan Choi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mention North Korea to people today and they will conjure up many unflattering images, particularly in the wake of George W. Bush denouncing the state as part of an "axis of evil". Despite this cold war type rhetoric, the state of North Korea has begun to recognise the difficult challenges that it faces and is now trying to get to grips with them systematically. This book brings together a selection of many of the world experts on the North Korean economy and covers such important issues as: *possible unification with South Korea *the significance of China's economic success *Europe and the United States' roles in North Korea North Korea in the World Economy provides an accessible, well-written and comprehensive account of this unique country and its economy. It will be extremely interesting not only for students and academics with an interest in Korean studies, international finance and transition economies but also for anyone with an interest in international economics.
Book Synopsis North Korea's Market Economy Society from Below by : Chae-jin Sŏ
Download or read book North Korea's Market Economy Society from Below written by Chae-jin Sŏ and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The North Korean Economy by : Nicholas Eberstadt
Download or read book The North Korean Economy written by Nicholas Eberstadt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viewed from afar, North Korea may appear bizarre, or positively irrational. But as Nicholas Eberstadt demonstrates in this meticulously researched volume, there is a grim coherence to North Korea's political economy, and a ruthless logic undergirding it--one that unreservedly subordinates economic welfare to augmentation of political power. Thus, paradoxically, even as official policies and practices consign the DPRK economy to a perilous realm between crisis and catastrophe, the country's leadership maintains unchallenged domestic control and has actually managed to increase its international influence.Through painstaking collection of hard-to-uncover data and careful analysis, Eberstadt provides a quantitative tableau of North Korea's terrible failure in its economic race against South Korea; its stubborn adherence to policies all but guaranteed to stifle growth and undermine economic performance; and the longstanding official effort to ignore, or mitigate, pressures for economic reform.Eberstadt is skeptical of optimistic accounts from South Korea and elsewhere suggesting that the North Korean leadership is interested in resolving the current nuclear impasse, and getting on with the business of reform and development. So long as Pyongyang's rulers entertain the ambition of reunifying the Korean peninsula on its own terms, Eberstadt argues, economic reforms worthy of the name will be subversive of state authority--and vigilantly resisted by Pyongyang's rulers. This authoritative volume has received widespread attention from Asian specialists, well as those concerned with nuclear proliferation and world peace, and international relations professionals in general.
Book Synopsis State, Society and Markets in North Korea by : Andrew Yeo
Download or read book State, Society and Markets in North Korea written by Andrew Yeo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under Kim Jong-un, North Korea has experienced growing economic markets, an emerging 'nouveau riche,' and modest levels of urban development. To what extent is North Korean politics and society changing? How has the growth of markets transformed state-society relations? This Element evaluates the shifting relationship between state, society, and markets in a deeply authoritarian context. If the regime implements controlled economic measures, extracts rent, and subsumes the market economy into its ideology, the state will likely retain strong authoritarian control. Conversely, if it fails to incorporate markets into its legitimating message, as private actors build informal trust networks, share information, and collude with state bureaucrats, more fundamental changes in state-society relations are in order. By opening the 'black box' of North Korea, this Element reveals how the country manages to teeter forward, and where its domestic future may lie.
Download or read book Markets in North Korea I written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past three decades, North Korea has experienced a period of economic change, most notably in the development of the market. North Korea maintains that it operates a tightly controlled planned economy, the elements of which are poorly understood by the international community. Currently, the economic system is supported by informal market activities that are the main source of income for the majority of ordinary economic players. Accordingly, economic researchers around the world have pivoted their focus toward the market activities in North Korea. In this issue of Dialogue, the KDI Office of North Korean Economic Studies invited Professor Moon-Soo Yang to share his knowledge on the basic elements of the North Korean market, directing particular attention to its unique development, structure, and recent changes. Professor Moon-Soo Yang is a leading researcher at the University of North Korean Studies, whose career has consistently dedicated focus to rigorous investigation and understanding of the North Korean market.
Book Synopsis Development Prospects for North Korea by : Tae Yong Jung
Download or read book Development Prospects for North Korea written by Tae Yong Jung and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this book explore the current situation of North Korea in various aspects and provide policy suggestions for North Korea to become part of the international community and achieve sustainable development. Focusing on three key areas of economic development, namely, international sectors, agriculture and urban development, and energy and environment, this book lays out recommendations and prospects for North Korea. Authors assess the current situation of North Korea, explore preconditions for becoming a member of the international community, and suggest policies necessary for the sustainable development of North Korea. They cover a wide range of areas including reforestation, WTO accession, and the potential for economic integration with South Korea. These evaluations draw on both what is understood about the current situation in North Korea and comparisons with other countries and territories. This book will be a valuable resource for scholars and policy planners who focus on North Korea.
Book Synopsis A Study on the Reality and Prospect of Economic Reform in North Korea by : Yŏng-yun Kim
Download or read book A Study on the Reality and Prospect of Economic Reform in North Korea written by Yŏng-yun Kim and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unveiling the North Korean Economy by : Byung-Yeon Kim
Download or read book Unveiling the North Korean Economy written by Byung-Yeon Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-27 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North Korea is one of the most closed and secretive societies in the world. Despite a high level of interest from the outside world, we have very little detailed information about how the country functions economically. In this valuable book for both the academic and policy-making circles, Byung-Yeon Kim offers the most comprehensive and systematic analysis of the present day North Korean economy in the context of economic systems and transition economics. It addresses what is really happening in the North Korean economy, why it has previously failed, and how the country can make the transition to a market economy. It takes advantage not only of carefully reconstructed macro data but also rich, new data at the micro level, such as quantitative surveys of North Korean refugees settled in South Korea, and the surveys of Chinese companies that interact heavily with North Korea.
Book Synopsis Witness to Transformation by : Stephan Haggard
Download or read book Witness to Transformation written by Stephan Haggard and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Human rights and the protection of refugees is not a concern of left or right, or of the US only; it is an issue of importance to all Koreans, and indeed all countries. Haggard and Noland provide compelling evidence of the ongoing transformation of North Korean society and offer thoughtful proposals as to how the outside world might facilitate peaceful evolution."--Yoon Young-kwan, former Foreign Minister, Rob Moo-byun government --Book Jacket
Book Synopsis The Road to the Market in North Korea by : Keun Lee
Download or read book The Road to the Market in North Korea written by Keun Lee and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Market Activities & the Building Blocks of Civil Society in North Korea by : Justin V. Hastings
Download or read book Market Activities & the Building Blocks of Civil Society in North Korea written by Justin V. Hastings and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North Korea’s economic transformation over the past three decades, from a faltering planned economy to a hybridized system incorporating market forces, has been well documented. Grassroots market participation provided a lifeline to North Koreans during the famine of the 1990s, leading to the corruption of state officialdom and the creation of new informal economic networks. The North Korean regime has alternated between attempting to co-opt and to crack down on the role of markets in the country’s economy, but market actors have proven resilient and adaptable. This report argues that the strategies adopted by individual market participants to succeed in a difficult economic environment may be slowly reshaping social relations, thus creating the beginnings of a public sphere. As market participants devise the means and methods to resolve disputes, establish lasting relationships with business partners, and expand access to information, they are inadvertently promoting the very elements essential to the development of civil society including social capital, generalized trust, shared norms, and overlapping horizontal social networks.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Pathways to Collapse in the DPRK by : Sabrina J. Pagano
Download or read book Assessment of Pathways to Collapse in the DPRK written by Sabrina J. Pagano and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collapse of the North Korean economy and disastrous famine of the mid-1990s forced the regime to adapt its centrally-planned economy—most notably by allowing limited and small-scale private entrepreneurship among a starving population that the government’s Public Distribution System could no longer support. In this context, the North Koreans had turned to informal markets for sustenance in order to survive. The informal economy is still in place, represents a substantial sector of the total economy, and has fostered a new stratum of wealthy North Koreans, unattached to the military or traditional elite. This analysis thus addresses the following question: Has marketization put the North Korean regime on a path to near-term collapse? NSI applied its NSI PathwaysTM methodology and model to search for and identify indicators that marketization in North Korea could lead to collapse of the Kim regime.
