Normative Externalism

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Normative Externalism

Author : Brian Weatherson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192576887
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Normative Externalism by : Brian Weatherson

Download or read book Normative Externalism written by Brian Weatherson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Normative Externalism argues that it is not important that people live up to their own principles. What matters, in both ethics and epistemology, is that they live up to the correct principles: that they do the right thing, and that they believe rationally. This stance, that what matters are the correct principles, not one's own principles, has implications across ethics and epistemology. In ethics, it undermines the ideas that moral uncertainty should be treated just like factual uncertainty, that moral ignorance frequently excuses moral wrongdoing, and that hypocrisy is a vice. In epistemology, it suggests we need new treatments of higher-order evidence, and of peer disagreement, and of circular reasoning, and the book suggests new approaches to each of these problems. Although the debates in ethics and in epistemology are often conducted separately, putting them in one place helps bring out their common themes. One common theme is that the view that one should live up to one's own principles looks less attractive when people have terrible principles, or when following their own principles would lead to riskier or more aggressive action than the correct principles. Another common theme is that asking people to live up to their principles leads to regresses. It can be hard to know what action or belief complies with one's principles. And now we can ask, in such a case should a person do what they think their principles require, or what their principles actually require? Both answers lead to problems, and the best way to avoid these problems is to simply say people should follow the correct principles.

Chomsky Notebook

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 023114475X
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Chomsky Notebook by : Noam Chomsky

Download or read book Chomsky Notebook written by Noam Chomsky and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noam Chomsky is as controversial as he is prolific, applying a rational, scientific approach to disciplines as diverse as linguistics, ethics, religion, and the strategy of war. Chomsky's best-known innovations involve a groundbreaking theory of generative and universal grammar, major advances in the classification of languages, and a radical reformulation of political theory and practice. In Chomsky Notebook, Norbert Hornstein (University of Maryland) and Cedric Boeckx (Harvard University) tackle Chomsky's linguistic theories; Akeel Bilgrami (Columbia University) revisits Chomsky's work on freedom and truth; and Pierre Jacob (Institut Jean Nicod) analyzes his naturalism. Chomsky's contributions include an interview and essays on Edward Said and the natural world. Altogether, these works reveal the penetration of Chomsky's thought into a number of fields within and outside of academia. It is an anthology that proves the power of his rationalism.

Externalism about Knowledge

Author : Luis R. G. Oliveira
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192636588
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Externalism about Knowledge by : Luis R. G. Oliveira

Download or read book Externalism about Knowledge written by Luis R. G. Oliveira and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-02 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Externalism about knowledge is thriving in contemporary epistemology. Nonetheless, externalism is too often caricatured as merely reliabilism, too often reduced to simply externalism about justification, and rarely considered as a cohesive family of related but importantly different views. Externalism About Knowledge addresses all of these issues by bringing new essays from leading externalist epistemologists working on seven different branches of this tradition: process reliabilism, tracking views, safety views, virtue epistemology, proper functionalism, naturalized epistemology, and knowledge first epistemology. This collection highlights their unity, their differences, their interconnections, and their most recent challenges, developments, and extensions.

The Externalist Challenge

Author : Richard Schantz
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110915278
Total Pages : 533 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis The Externalist Challenge by : Richard Schantz

Download or read book The Externalist Challenge written by Richard Schantz and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate between internalism and externalism has become a focal point of attention both in epistemology and in the philosophy of mind and language. Externalism challenges basic traditional internalist conceptions of the nature of knowledge, justification, thought and language. What is at stake, is the very form that theories in epistemology and the philosophy of mind ought to take. This volume is a collection of original contributions of leading international authors reflecting on the present state of the art concerning the exciting controversies between internalism and externalism.

Epistemic Dilemmas

Author : Kevin McCain
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000468496
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Epistemic Dilemmas by : Kevin McCain

Download or read book Epistemic Dilemmas written by Kevin McCain and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features original essays by leading epistemologists that address questions related to epistemic dilemmas from a variety of new, sometimes unexpected, angles. It seems plausible that there can be "no win" moral situations in which no matter what one does one fails some moral obligation. Is there an epistemic analog to moral dilemmas? Are there epistemically dilemmic situations—situations in which we are doomed to violate an epistemic requirement? If there are, when exactly do they arise and what can we learn from them? The contributors to this volume cover a wide variety of positions on epistemic dilemmas. The coverage ranges from discussions of the nature of epistemic dilemmas to arguments that there are no such things to suggestions for how to resolve (or at least live with) epistemic dilemmas to proposals for how thinking about epistemic dilemmas can be used to inform theorizing in other areas of epistemology. Epistemic Dilemmas will be of interest to scholars and advanced students in epistemology working on the nature of justification and evidential support, higher-order requirements, or suspension of judgment.

Does Anything Really Matter?

Author : Peter Singer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199653836
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Does Anything Really Matter? by : Peter Singer

Download or read book Does Anything Really Matter? written by Peter Singer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first two volumes of On What Matters Derek Parfit argues that there are objective moral truths, and other normative truths about what we have reasons to believe, and to want, and to do. He thus challenges a view of the role of reason in action that can be traced back to David Hume, and is widely assumed to be correct, not only by philosophers but also by economists. In defending his view, Parfit argues that if there are no objective normative truths, nihilism follows, and nothing matters. He criticizes, often forcefully, many leading contemporary philosophers working on the nature of ethics, including Simon Blackburn, Stephen Darwall, Allen Gibbard, Frank Jackson, Peter Railton, Mark Schroeder, Michael Smith, and Sharon Street. Does Anything Really Matter? gives these philosophers an opportunity to respond to Parfit's criticisms, and includes essays on Parfit's views by Richard Chappell, Andrew Huddleston, Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek and Peter Singer, Bruce Russell, and Larry Temkin. A third volume of On What Matters, in which Parfit engages with his critics and breaks new ground in finding significant agreement between his own views and theirs, is appearing as a separate companion volume.

Political Epistemology

Author : Elizabeth Edenberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192893335
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Epistemology by : Elizabeth Edenberg

Download or read book Political Epistemology written by Elizabeth Edenberg and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edited collection to explore one of the most rapidly growing area of philosophy: political epistemology. The volume brings together leading philosophers to explore ways in which the analytic and conceptual tools of epistemology bear on political philosophy--and vice versa.

Social Goodness

Author : Charlotte Witt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197574793
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Goodness by : Charlotte Witt

Download or read book Social Goodness written by Charlotte Witt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are all immersed in a sea of social norms, but they are sometimes tricky to observe with any clarity. They are often invisible to us and emerge only when they are not observed. Social norms are important to understand because they are both limiting of our freedom, such as gendered and racialized norms, and at the same time the very conditions of our agency. Social Goodness presents an original, externalist answer to the question of the source or origin of social role normativity. Rather than grounding social normativity in the attitudes of persons, the book argues for an externalism that roots social role normativity in the social world itself: in its positions, institutions, and larger architecture. The core insight of externalism is that the function or structural feature of an enterprise or activity can bring with it normative demands quite independently of the attitudes of those who engage with it. According to the artisanal model, just as a carpenter, ceramicist, or chef is responsive to and evaluable under a set of artisanal norms or techniques, so too is a mother and or an academic or a President. The source of normativity is this technique or expertise, independent of the preferences, endorsements, or recognitive attitudes of individuals. The artisanal model for social role normativity has resources to explain both the "stickiness" or persistence of social norms and our ability to criticize existing norms and to engage in normative self-creation--to create new normative selves. The artisanal model also has resources to capture and express the social situatedness, locality, and materiality of social roles. The relational ontology of social roles, implicit in the artisanal model, provides a useful frame to consider both hierarchical and oppressive social relations.

Moral Emotions and Intuitions

Author : S. Roeser
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230302459
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Emotions and Intuitions by : S. Roeser

Download or read book Moral Emotions and Intuitions written by S. Roeser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author presents a new philosophical theory according to which we need intuitions and emotions in order to have objective moral knowledge, which is called affectual intuitionism. Affectual Intuitionism combines ethical intuitionism with a cognitive theory of emotions.

The Normativity of what We Care about

Author : Katrien Schaubroeck
Publisher : Leuven University Press
ISBN 13 : 9058679055
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (586 download)

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Book Synopsis The Normativity of what We Care about by : Katrien Schaubroeck

Download or read book The Normativity of what We Care about written by Katrien Schaubroeck and published by Leuven University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A love-based reason theory as a new perspective in the debate on practical reasons. Reasons and obligations pervade our lives. The alarm clock gives us a reason to get up in the morning, the expectations of colleagues or clients give us a reason to do our jobs well, the misery in developing countries gives us a reason to donate money, headaches give us a reason to take an aspirin. Looking for unity in variety, philosophers wonder what makes a consideration count as a reason to do something. The nature and source of practical reasons has been debated intensively over the last three decennia in analytic philosophy. This book discusses the three most influential theories in current debates, referred to as the desire-based, the value-based, and the rationality-based theories of practical reasons. The author argues that all three are defective because they overlook the role of what agents care about.

Global Epistemologies and Philosophies of Science

Author : David Ludwig
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000413810
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Epistemologies and Philosophies of Science by : David Ludwig

Download or read book Global Epistemologies and Philosophies of Science written by David Ludwig and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In bringing together a global community of philosophers, Global Epistemologies and Philosophies of Science develops novel perspectives on epistemology and philosophy of science by demonstrating how frameworks from academic philosophy (e.g. standpoint theory, social epistemology, feminist philosophy of science) and related fields (e.g. decolonial studies, transdisciplinarity, global history of science) can contribute to critical engagement with global dimensions of knowledge and science. Global challenges such as climate change, food production, and infectious diseases raise complex questions about scientific knowledge production and its interactions with local knowledge systems and social realities. As academic philosophy provides relatively little reflection on global negotiations of knowledge, many pressing scientific and societal issues remain disconnected from core debates in epistemology and philosophy of science. This book is an invitation to broaden agendas of academic philosophy by presenting epistemology and philosophy of science as globally engaged fields that address heterogeneous forms of knowledge production and their interactions with local livelihoods, practices, and worldviews. This integrative ambition makes the book equally relevant for philosophers and interdisciplinary scholars who are concerned with methodological and political challenges at the intersection of science and society.

Contemporary Theories of Knowledge

Author : John L. Pollock
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780847689378
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Theories of Knowledge by : John L. Pollock

Download or read book Contemporary Theories of Knowledge written by John L. Pollock and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1999 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting new edition of the classic Contemporary Theories of Knowledge has been significantly updated to include analyses of the recent literature in epistemology. In addition, a new case is made for the strong connection between epistemology and artificial intelligence, as Pollock and Cruz argue that a necessary condition for the correctness of any epistemological theory is that it be possible to build an implemented artificial intelligence system on the basis of it. Like the first edition, Contemporary Theories of Knowledge, Second Edition is an excellent teaching tool, introducing the reader to the fundamental issues and approaches in the field of epistemology.

More Equal Than Others

Author : Raffael N Fasel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198907400
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (989 download)

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Book Synopsis More Equal Than Others by : Raffael N Fasel

Download or read book More Equal Than Others written by Raffael N Fasel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-06-07 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a sustained analysis of the fundamental rights of humans and nonhuman animals. It pioneers a new approach that focuses on species membership rather than individual capacities to challenge an orthodox view in scholarship on the rights of animals.

God and the Universe

Author : Arthur Gibson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136365656
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis God and the Universe by : Arthur Gibson

Download or read book God and the Universe written by Arthur Gibson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-11 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a publicity title in the light of the latest scientific discoveries Publication strongly supported by Jacques Derrida (who will provide endorsement for cover) and Martin Rees, astronomer royal Attractively illustrated throughout

Caring About Health

Author : Stan van Hooft
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351162020
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Caring About Health by : Stan van Hooft

Download or read book Caring About Health written by Stan van Hooft and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a philosophical exploration of the ideas central to health care practice this book explores such concepts as caring, health, disease, suffering and pain from a phenomenological perspective. With deep philosophical insight this book draws out, not only the ethical demands that arise when one encounters these phenomena, but also the forms of ethical education that would help health care workers respond to those demands. This is a book which explores the grounds for ethical living rather than enunciating ethical principles. Van Hooft argues that ethical responses arise from sensitive and insightful awareness of what is salient in clinical and other health care settings. This book draws upon thinkers from the classical canon, the Anglo-American tradition and from continental philosophical ideas.

Reasons for Action and the Law

Author : M.C. Redondo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401591415
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Reasons for Action and the Law by : M.C. Redondo

Download or read book Reasons for Action and the Law written by M.C. Redondo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A focus on reasons for action and practical reason is the perspective chosen by many contemporary legal philosophers for the analysis of some central questions of their discipline. This book offers a critical evaluation of that approach, by carefully examining the empirical, logical and normative problems hidden behind the concepts of `reason for action' and `practical reasoning'. Unlike most other works in this field, it is a meta-theoretical study which analyses and compares how different theories use the notion of reason in their reconstruction of problems concerning issues such as normativity, the acceptance of norms, or the justification of judicial decisions. This book is directed primarily to scholars specializing in legal theory and concerned with the contribution practical philosophy can make to it, but it also contains important arguments and insights for all those interested in the controversy between legal positivists and their critics, in the theory of human action or in reason-based practical theories in general.

The Fourfold Gospel, Volume 3

Author : John DelHousaye
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1532683707
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fourfold Gospel, Volume 3 by : John DelHousaye

Download or read book The Fourfold Gospel, Volume 3 written by John DelHousaye and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2023-07-25 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spirit of Ludolph of Saxony (c. 1295–1378) and Ignatius of Loyola (1491–1556), The Fourfold Gospel invites the reader into the mystery of God’s redemption in Jesus Christ. All the parallel passages in the Gospels are glossed together, along with the unique material, using a medieval interpretive approach called the Quadriga or the acronym PaRDeS in Hebrew. Meditating on the literal, canonical, moral, and theological senses of Scripture offers a scaffolding for the spiritual formation of the reader. This volume focuses on the illuminative stage of discipleship, the goal of the parables, along with Jesus’s conflict with enemies and our mission.