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Nitrogen Timing And Placement Effects On Grain And Plant Nitrogen And Grain Yield In Hard Red Winter Wheat
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Book Synopsis Nitrogen Timing and Placement Effects on Grain and Plant Nitrogen, and Grain Yield in Hard Red Winter Wheat by : Mylen G. Bohle
Download or read book Nitrogen Timing and Placement Effects on Grain and Plant Nitrogen, and Grain Yield in Hard Red Winter Wheat written by Mylen G. Bohle and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hard red winter wheat has the potential to be an alternative crop in the Pacific Northwest, however percent grain nitrogen has been unacceptably low and grain yields have been about only 80% of soft white winter wheat. During the late spring and the summer months there is usually little rainfall, therefore moisture and nitrogen needed for grain fill must be taken up from the subsoil. The interaction between rainfall distribution and available nitrogen and moisture at different depths in the soil during grain fill was thought to be the problem for low percent grain nitrogen in this mediterranean climate. Dryland field experiments were conducted with the hard red winter wheat cultivar Nanser' at the Sherman Branch Expeilment Station at Moro, north-central Oregon, during the crop years 1983 and 1984. Plots were fall-fertilized with 0 (low N) and 80 (high N) kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer and 0 and 20 kg/ha of phosphorus fertilizer. At jointing and at anthesis, 0 and 20 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer were applied with water, to the 0, 60 and 120 cm soil depths to determine the effects upon percent grain nitrogen, grain yield, plant nitrogen yield and nitrogen harvest index (NHI) at harvest. The 80 kg/ha fall-applied N rate was the factor most responsible for increasing percent grain nitrogen and grain nitrogen yield. Grain yield was increased only in 1984. Under low N fertility conditions, percent grain nitrogen was increased by the 20 kg/ha N rate applied at anthesis in 1983. Grain yield was increased with the 20 kg/ha N rate applied at jointing, both years, and was limited if phosphorus fertilizer was not present with the anthesis timing in 1983. Grain nitrogen yield was increased by P fertilizer and the 20 N rate (regardless of timing) in 1983, and when N was applied at jointing in 1984. Under high N fertility conditions, 20 N rate applied at jointing increased percent grain N both years, and grain nitrogen yield in 1983. Grain yield was not increased. In general, percent grain N in the high N fertility plots and the 1984 low N fertility plots was positively correlated to the nitrogen yield of all the plant parts, except chaff in 1984. Percent grain N was negatively correlated to grain NHI under high N fertility conditions, but positively correlated under 1983 low N conditions. Percent grain N was positively correlated to most other plant parts' NHI under high N fertility conditions in 1983 and 1984 and 1984 low N fertility conditions. Under low N fertility conditions in 1983, percent grain N was positively correlated to grain NHI. Deep placement did not significantly increase percent grain N, grain yield or grain nitrogen yield. Under high N fertility conditions in 1984, more nitrogen remained in some of the straw plant parts at the 60 cm depth with the anthesis timing compared to jointing.
Book Synopsis Effect of Rate and Timing of Nitrogen on Plant and Yield Characteristics of Soft Red Winter Wheat by : Dale Stephen Ireland
Download or read book Effect of Rate and Timing of Nitrogen on Plant and Yield Characteristics of Soft Red Winter Wheat written by Dale Stephen Ireland and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cropping Systems written by Anil Shrestha and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-02-13 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the fundamentals as well as in-depth details of agricultural cropping systems from around the globe! Cropping Systems: Trends and Advances is a comprehensive review of past and present research efforts in North America and other parts of the world. It brings together biological, economic, sociological, and technical aspects of cropping systems in a single source to provide a reference unlike any other on the subject that is available today. This valuable book also points to future directions that cropping systems research needs to take in order to increase sustainable agriculture and feed the growing world population. Charts, tables, and illustrations make the information easy to access and understand. An ideal textbook for graduate and undergraduate courses in agronomy as well as a comprehensive reference for professionals involved in cropping systems research, Cropping Systems: Trends and Advances is a book you’ll refer to again and again. Topics covered in this well-referenced and thoughtfully indexed book include: emerging trends in cropping systems research designing resource-efficient cropping systems soil quality and fertility tillage root dynamics water quality concerns nitrogen use efficiency precision agriculture agricultural biotechnology weed biology and management integrated pest management the important role that cover crops can play key indicators for assessing nitrogen use efficiency in cereal-based agroecosystems the implications of elevated carbon dioxide-induced changes in agroecosystem productivity and a great deal more!
Book Synopsis Handbook of Soil Science by : Malcolm E. Sumner
Download or read book Handbook of Soil Science written by Malcolm E. Sumner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 2240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Soil Science provides a resource rich in data that gives professional soil scientists, agronomists, engineers, ecologists, biologists, naturalists, and their students a handy reference about the discipline of soil science. This handbook serves professionals seeking specific, factual reference information. Each subsection includes a description of concepts and theories; definitions; approaches; methodologies and procedures; tabular data; figures; and extensive references.
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Management and Variety Selection for Dryland Production of Hard Red Winter Wheat in Northeastern Oregon by : Daniel Robert Jepsen
Download or read book Nitrogen Management and Variety Selection for Dryland Production of Hard Red Winter Wheat in Northeastern Oregon written by Daniel Robert Jepsen and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper nitrogen (N) management and variety selection are important for profitable hard red winter (HRW) wheat production in the dryland growing regions of northeastern Oregon. In these dryland systems, N management for grain yield and grain protein concentration (GPC) is challenging due to climatic and year-to-year variation in production environments. However, current fertilizer guides make little distinction between locations and incorporate relatively little data from HRW production. Identifying adequate N management practices and scenarios suitable for HRW production will help producers reduce risk and enhance profits. This study investigates the effects of fertilizer N rate, N application timing, variety and location over six site-years in northeastern Oregon from 2007-2009. Whole plant tissue nitrogen (TN) concentration at Zadoks growth stage (GS) 30 and flag leaf nitrogen (FLN) were also evaluated as decision making tools for N management in this region. Three sites representing low and intermediate precipitation zones were chosen for this study. A site at Pendleton, Oregon represented an intermediate precipitation zone (420 mm), while sites at Lexington and Arlington, Oregon were in a low precipitation (250-300 mm) zone. Study sites were minimally responsive to N treatments in terms of yield. Spring N was less detrimental to yield than fall application when N was excessive at Lexington and Arlington. Grain protein concentration response to fertilizer N was significant and varied by site-year. Some site-years proved favorable for efficient production of high GPC HRW wheat, whereas acceptable GPC was very difficult to achieve in others, underscoring the difficulty of consistently producing high GPC HRW wheat in these regions. Fertilizer N use efficiency was 18-39% at Pendleton, but generally less than 20% at Lexington and Arlington, dropping to zero in some circumstances. At all sites the soil N pool was used more efficiently than fertilizer N, indicating that HRW production is best suited where only minimal fertilizer N is required to complement crop N requirements. Spring N application improved GPC one year at Pendleton following above average late spring rainfall, and may therefore be a useful N management strategy in that environment. In contrast, spring N had a neutral or negative impact on GPC at Lexington and Arlington. Overall, current recommendations did not adequately describe N requirements observed in this study. However, requirements for achieving target GPC were generally lower and more stable at Pendleton, indicating that this and similar environments may be more suitable for HRW production than low yield, high stress environments such as Lexington and Arlington. Varieties showed similar response to N treatments regardless of site. Grain yield of HRW varieties were generally competitive with the soft white winter (SWW) variety 'Stephens'. Among tested HRW varieties, 'Norwest 553' expressed the best combination of yield and GPC performance. The relationship of tissue N (TN) concentration at Zadoks growth stage 30 to GPC was stable across site-years. A critical TN level of 41 g kg-1 corresponded to 126 g kg-1 GPC. This level could be used to indicate when additional N is required to achieve desired GPC, but it remains uncertain how useful this test would be at high stress, low rainfall sites considering the poor response to spring N at Lexington and Arlington. Flag leaf N also showed promise for predicting GPC, but additional research is necessary to clarify this relationship.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the ... North Central Extension-Industry Soil Fertility Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Environment, Nitrogen Fertilizer, and Cultivar on Dry Matter Accumulation, Grain Yield, and Grain Quality of Three Cultivars of Hard Red Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) by : Margaret K. Kilibwa
Download or read book Influence of Environment, Nitrogen Fertilizer, and Cultivar on Dry Matter Accumulation, Grain Yield, and Grain Quality of Three Cultivars of Hard Red Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) written by Margaret K. Kilibwa and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by : Andy Clark
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Nitrogen on the Yield and Quality in Winter Wheat by : Rodolfo Moreno Dahme
Download or read book The Effect of Nitrogen on the Yield and Quality in Winter Wheat written by Rodolfo Moreno Dahme and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crop Yields and Global Food Security by : Tony Fischer
Download or read book Crop Yields and Global Food Security written by Tony Fischer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Nitrogen on Yield, Seed Vigor and Milling and Baking Quality of Soft Red Winter Wheat by : Mark Leland Wilson
Download or read book The Effect of Nitrogen on Yield, Seed Vigor and Milling and Baking Quality of Soft Red Winter Wheat written by Mark Leland Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determination of Optimum Fall and Spring Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate for Maximizing Grain Yield of Soft Red Winter Wheat Sown at Variable Planting Dates by : Lucas Vasconselos Vieira
Download or read book Determination of Optimum Fall and Spring Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate for Maximizing Grain Yield of Soft Red Winter Wheat Sown at Variable Planting Dates written by Lucas Vasconselos Vieira and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An optimum planting date is important for winter wheat nitrogen (N) management as it dramatically changes the growing environment including temperature and moisture, ultimately affecting fertilizer efficiency and grain yield (GY). In Arkansas, high precipitation in the fall often forces farmers to delay planting and current Arkansas recommendations include the application of fall N when soft red winter wheat (SRWW) is sown later than optimum, despite the lack of data supporting this practice. This study evaluated the effect of rate and timing of N application on GY of SRWW sown at variable planting dates in Arkansas. Granular urea was split applied between the fall (F), late winter (LW) and/or early spring (ES) and compared to N only applied in the spring (LW, or LW + ES). Experiments were conducted at the Newport Research Station (NPRS), Pine Tree Research Station (PTRS), and Rohwer Research Station (RWRS), representing the diverse wheat growing regions in Arkansas. Wheat was sown at three planting dates and supplied with total N rates of 67, 101, 135, 169, and 202 kg N ha-1. Fall-N rates equal to 0, 34, 67 kg N ha-1 were applied after planting at Feekes 3 and spring-N rates equal to 67, 101, 135 and 169 kg N ha-1 were applied at Feekes stage 4 or 5. There was no statistical difference between spring (LW and ES) and split N applications at NPRS where there was low precipitation and the highest residual soil-N and thus decreased potential for volatilization and denitrification. A split fall and spring application was important for maximizing GY on the latest planting date at both PTRS and RWRS and increased mean GY by 1122 and 544 kg ha-1 compared to spring only application, respectively. Overall, results suggest that splitting fertilizer-N between fall and spring has the potential for increasing GY in late-planted wheat in fine-textured soils when there is high precipitation, which favors N loss.
Book Synopsis Nitrogen Fertilization of Winter Wheat in New York State by : Rodolfo Moreno Dahme
Download or read book Nitrogen Fertilization of Winter Wheat in New York State written by Rodolfo Moreno Dahme and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological & Agricultural Index by :
Download or read book Biological & Agricultural Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 2652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Towards Site-Specific Nitrogen Management in Hard Red Winter Wheat by : Doria Ali
Download or read book Towards Site-Specific Nitrogen Management in Hard Red Winter Wheat written by Doria Ali and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A site-specific N management approach has the potential to manage in-field variability and increase production and economic efficiencies by optimizing the nitrogen (N) inputs. Field studies were conducted to investigate the grain yield and protein responses of hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to several N management strategies across variable landscapes. Nine N treatments consisted of various combinations of N rates, sources and timings were applied at specific stages of crop development. Delta yield, delta protein and net returns were calculated to determine the spatial response to N across the field. Those parameters for each treatment varied spatially across the field. Normalized difference vegetation index and leaf area index could not explain the spatial response to N accurately. Overall, grain yield and protein responses to N strategies were highly dependent on the spatial position in each field; however, predicting the responses in time for deploying N management strategies were only weakly associated with canopy sensor data or soil characteristics.
Book Synopsis Yield and Quality of Ten Varieties of Hard Red Winter Wheat in the St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain Valleys in Northern New York by : Margaret Kilibwa
Download or read book Yield and Quality of Ten Varieties of Hard Red Winter Wheat in the St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain Valleys in Northern New York written by Margaret Kilibwa and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optimizing Nitrogen Management for Soft Red Winter Wheat Yield, Grain Protein, and Grain Quality Using Precision Agriculture and Remote Sensing Techniques by :
Download or read book Optimizing Nitrogen Management for Soft Red Winter Wheat Yield, Grain Protein, and Grain Quality Using Precision Agriculture and Remote Sensing Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to improve nitrogen (N) management for soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in North Carolina with three areas of focus: delayed harvest effects on grain quality, explaining grain protein variability caused by management practices, and developing N recommendations at growth stage (GS) 30 using aerial color infrared (CIR) photography. Delayed harvest significantly reduced grain yield and test weight in the majority of trials. Yield reductions were attributed to dry, warm environments, possibly due to shattering. Test weight reductions were attributed to the negative effects of wetting and drying cycles. Of the 20 quality parameters investigated, flour falling number, clear flour, and farinograph breakdown times were significantly reduced due to delayed harvest, while grain deoxynivalenol (DON) levels increased with a delayed harvest. Environment contributed to grain protein variability (23%), though the majority of that variability was attributed to N management (52%). It was found that as grain protein levels increased at higher N rates and with the majority of N applied at GS 30, the overall grain protein variability increased. The recommendations to reduce grain protein variability are; to reduce the range in N fertilizer rates used, to avoid over application of N beyond what is required to optimize yields, and to apply spring N at GS 25. Relationships between derived agronomic optimum N rates and three spectral bands and 39 indexes were weak, but after separating the data into two biomass classes (low 1000 kg ha-1 and high 1000 kg ha-1), the relationships of optimum N rates with a relative Red and Green bands (relative to a high N-status reference plot) had the best (quadratic) relationships (R2 = 0.80 and 0.81, respectively) for the high biomass class. These results indicate that agronomic optimum N rates at GS 30 can be estimated using aerial CIR photographs if areas of low and high biomass can be determined.
