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Neutron Induced Scintillation In Organics
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Book Synopsis Neutron-Induced Scintillation in Organics by : Nicholai Mauritzson
Download or read book Neutron-Induced Scintillation in Organics written by Nicholai Mauritzson and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrons are widely used as probes of matter to study materials in a broad range of fields from physics, chemistry and medicine to material sciences. Any application utilizing neutrons needs to employ a well-understood and optimized neutron-detector system. This thesis is centered on fundamental aspects of neutron-detector development, including the establishment of the Source Testing Facility at Lund University, experimental methods for the in-depth characterization of scintillator-based neutron detectors and analytical and computational methods for the precise interpretation of results. It focuses on the response of liquid organic scintillators to fast-neutron and gamma-ray irradiations, specifically for NE 213A, EJ 305, EJ 331 and EJ 321P. A simulation-based method for detector calibration was developed which allowed for the use of polyenergetic gamma-ray sources in this low energy-resolution environment. With an actinide/beryllium neutron source and a time-of-flight setup, beams of energy-tagged neutrons were used to study the energy-dependent behaviour of the intrinsic pulse-shape of NE 213A and EJ 305 scintillators. The results demonstrated the advantages of the neutron-tagging method and how the combination of neutron tagging and pulse-shape discrimination can give deeper insight into backgrounds resulting from inelastic neutron scattering. A comprehensive characterization of the neutron scintillation-light yield for NE 213A, EJ 305, EJ 331 and EJ 321P was also performed. It employed the simulation-based calibrations to confirm existing light-yield parametrizations for NE 213A and EJ 305, and resulted in light-yield parametrizations for EJ 331 and EJ 321P extracted for the first time from data. In addition to the development of a simulation-based framework for the study of neutron-induced scintillation in organic scintillators, the methods and results presented in this thesis lay the foundation for future source-based neutron-tagging efforts and scintillator-detector research and development.
Book Synopsis Neutron-proton Scattering Using Organic Crystal Scintillation Detectors by : Marlin Eugene Remley
Download or read book Neutron-proton Scattering Using Organic Crystal Scintillation Detectors written by Marlin Eugene Remley and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Neutron Spectrometer Using Organic Scintillators by : D. W. Jones
Download or read book A Neutron Spectrometer Using Organic Scintillators written by D. W. Jones and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic scintillation detectors are useful for neutron spectroscopy because pulses induced by gamma rays and those induced by neutrons can be distinguished by electronic means. Computer analysis can be used to obtain the energy spectrum of the neutrons from the measured recoil-proton pulse-height distribution. The report describes a practical neutron spectrometer with improved electronic circuitry for pulseshape discrimination. A detailed study of the interaction of neutrons with the scintillator is presented in relation to pulse-height analysis. A computer program that uses a straightforward method of pulse-height analysis is given in FORTRAN with suggestions for adaptation for use on a small computer. Spectrometer applications are presented for measuring neutron spectra of monoenergetic neutrons, radioactive neutron sources, scattered neutrons and neutrons from a photonuclear reaction and also for detection of fission neutrons. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Detection of High - Energy Neutrons with Organic Scintillators by : Ihor John Kinal
Download or read book The Detection of High - Energy Neutrons with Organic Scintillators written by Ihor John Kinal and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Physics Data written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From October 1 to October 17 a team of researchers from UM visited the LANSCE facility for an experiment during beam-time allotted from October 4 to October 17. A total of 24 detectors were used at LANSCE including liquid organic scintillation detectors (EJ-309), NaI scintillation detectors, and Li-6 enriched glass detectors. It is a double time-offlight (TOF) measurement using spallation neutrons generated by a target bombarded with pulsed high-energy protons. The neutrons travel to an LLNL-manufactured parallel plate avalanche chamber (PPAC) loaded with thin U-235 foils in which fission events are induced. The generated fission neutrons and photons are then detected in a detector array designed and built at UM and shipped to LANSCE. Preparations were made at UM, where setup and proposed detectors were tested. The UM equipment was then shipped to LANSCE for use at the 15L beam of the weapons neutron research (WNR) facility.
Book Synopsis Active-Interrogation Measurements of Induced-Fission Neutrons from Low-Enriched Uranium by :
Download or read book Active-Interrogation Measurements of Induced-Fission Neutrons from Low-Enriched Uranium written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protection and control of nuclear fuels is paramount for nuclear security and safeguards; therefore, it is important to develop fast and robust controlling mechanisms to ensure the safety of nuclear fuels. Through both passive- and active-interrogation methods we can use fast-neutron detection to perform real-time measurements of fission neutrons for process monitoring. Active interrogation allows us to use different ranges of incident neutron energy to probe for different isotopes of uranium. With fast-neutron detectors, such as organic liquid scintillation detectors, we can detect the induced-fission neutrons and photons and work towards quantifying a sample's mass and enrichment. Using MCNPX-PoliMi, a system was designed to measure induced-fission neutrons from U-235 and U-238. Measurements were then performed in the summer of 2010 at the Joint Research Centre in Ispra, Italy. Fissions were induced with an associated particle D-T generator and an isotopic Am-Li source. The fission neutrons, as well as neutrons from (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reactions, were measured with five 5? by 5? EJ-309 organic liquid scintillators. The D-T neutron generator was available as part of a measurement campaign in place by Padova University. The measurement and data-acquisition systems were developed at the University of Michigan utilizing a CAEN V1720 digitizer and pulse-shape discrimination algorithms to differentiate neutron and photon detections. Low-enriched uranium samples of varying mass and enrichment were interrogated. Acquired time-of-flight curves and cross-correlation curves are currently analyzed to draw relationships between detected neutrons and sample mass and enrichment. In the full paper, the promise of active-interrogation measurements and fast-neutron detection will be assessed through the example of this proof-of-concept measurement campaign. Additionally, MCNPX-PoliMi simulation results will be compared to the measured data to validate the MCNPX-PoliMi code when used for active-interrogation simulations.
Book Synopsis Scintillation Spectrometer System for Measuring Fast-neutron Spectra in Beam Geometry by :
Download or read book Scintillation Spectrometer System for Measuring Fast-neutron Spectra in Beam Geometry written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A high-energy liquid-organic scintillation spectrometer system is described. This spectrometer was developed to measure neutron spectra in extracted beams from zero-power fast reactors. The highly efficient NE-213 scintillation solution was used as the neutron detection medium. Identification and removal of gamma-ray-induced events was accomplished using electronic pulse shape discrimination. Instrumentation used to process the discrete pulses stemming from neutron and gamma-ray interactions, within the scintillation solution, is described in detail. Evaluation of the system's performance is discussed for a gamma-ray discrimination ratio of nominally 1000:1, a total countrate of 3000 cps, and a dynamic range corresponding to neutron energies from 1 to 10 MeV. Operation above 10 MeV is certainly possible. However, since the neutron flux above 10 MeV was negligible in the radiation fields of interest in this work, the operating characteristics of the spectrometer were not evaluated above 10 MeV. Neutron spectra are reported for extracted beam measurements made on ZPPR assembly 4, phase 2.
Book Synopsis Induced-Fission Imaging of Nuclear Material by :
Download or read book Induced-Fission Imaging of Nuclear Material written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents initial results from development of the induced-fission imaging technique, which can be used for the purpose of measuring or verifying the distribution of fissionable material in an unopened container. The technique is based on stimulating fissions in nuclear material with 14 MeV neutrons from an associated-particle deuterium-tritium (D-T) generator and counting the subsequent induced fast fission neutrons with an array of fast organic scintillation detectors. For each source neutron incident on the container, the neutron creation time and initial trajectory are known from detection of the associated alpha particle of the d + t → [alpha] + n reaction. Many induced fissions will lie along (or near) the interrogating neutron path, allowing an image of the spatial distribution of prompt induced fissions, and thereby fissionable material, to be constructed. A variety of induced-fission imaging measurements have been performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory with a portable, low-dose D-T generator, including single-view radiographic measurements and three-dimensional tomographic measurements. Results from these measurements will be presented along with the neutron transmission images that have been performed simultaneously. This new capability may have applications to a number of areas in which there may be a need to confirm the presence or configuration of nuclear materials, such as nuclear material control and accountability, quality assurance, treaty confirmation, or homeland security applications.
Book Synopsis Phosphors for Radiation Detectors by : Takayuki Yanagida
Download or read book Phosphors for Radiation Detectors written by Takayuki Yanagida and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-02-02 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphors for Radiation Detector Phosphors for Radiation Detectors Discover a comprehensive overview of luminescence phosphors for radiation detection In Phosphors for Radiation Detection, accomplished researchers Takayuki Yanagida and Masanori Koshimizu deliver a state-of-the-art exploration of the use of phosphors in radiation detection. The internationally recognized contributors discuss the fundamental physics and detector functions associated with the technology with a focus on real-world applications. The book discusses all forms of luminescence phosphors for radiation detection used in a variety of fields, including medicine, security, resource exploration, environmental monitoring, and high energy physics. Readers will discover discussions of dosimeter materials, including thermally stimulated luminescent materials, optically stimulated luminescent materials, and radiophotoluminescence materials. The book also covers transparent ceramics and glasses and a broad range of devices used in this area. Phosphors for Radiation Detection also includes: Thorough introductions to ionizing radiation induced luminescence, organic scintillators, and inorganic oxide scintillators Comprehensive explorations of luminescent materials, including discussions of materials synthesis and their use in gamma-ray, neutron, and charged particle detection Practical discussions of semiconductor scintillators, including treatments of organic-inorganic layered perovskite materials for scintillation detectors In-depth examinations of thermally stimulated luminescent materials, including discussions of the dosimetric properties for photons, charged particles, and neutrons Relevant for research physicists, materials scientists, and electrical engineers, Phosphors for Radiation Detection is an also an indispensable resource for postgraduate and senior undergraduate students working in detection physics.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the University of New Mexico Conference on Organic Scintillation Detectors by : University of New Mexico
Download or read book Proceedings of the University of New Mexico Conference on Organic Scintillation Detectors written by University of New Mexico and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis by : Michael F. L'Annunziata
Download or read book Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis written by Michael F. L'Annunziata and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003-08-27 with total page 1338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: & Bull; Describes much practical information for radioactivity monitoring, spectrometric analysis, and radiation dosimetry & bull; Covers state-of-the-art high sample throughput microplate analysis techniques and multi-detector scintillation proximity analysis & bull; Presents the latest methods of rapid electronic radionuclide imaging & bull; Written by twenty-five experts from eight countries & bull; Over 2,000 cited works from the journal referencesP Why This Title? This updated and much expanded Second Edition is a proven authoritative handbook providing the reader with the principles, practical techniques, and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity from the very low levels encountered in the environment to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, fuel cycle facilities, and the implementation of nuclear safeguards.-
Book Synopsis Neutron Imaging by : Dinesh K. Aswal
Download or read book Neutron Imaging written by Dinesh K. Aswal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively presents the concepts of neutron physics and imaging including neutron properties, neutron matter interaction, neutron imaging, comparison with X-ray and physics and design of neutron sources. It discusses how neutron imaging has gained importance as a powerful non-destructive technique to understand the internal structures of materials/engineered components in wide range of industries by increasing their applicability and efficiency. The book also covers the topics of neutron optics and detectors, basic principles of neutron radiography and tomography, related standards, safety, metrology and regulations in neutron imaging. The book presents applications of neutron imaging in the areas of aerospace industry, nuclear power and manufacturing industry, materials science and engineering, geomechanics, national security, biological, and medical domain. Given its scope, the book will be highly beneficial for postgraduate students, researchers and industry professionals working in the area of engineering and physics, especially non-destructive testing and non-destructive evaluation through neutron imaging.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants by : Mauro Cappelli
Download or read book Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants written by Mauro Cappelli and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2023-03-21 with total page 1114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants provides the latest innovative research onthe design of effective modern I&C systems for both existing and newly commissioned plants, along withinformation on system implementation. Dr. Cappelli and his team of expert contributors cover fundamentals,explore the most advanced research in control systems technology, and tackle topics such as the human–machine interface, control room redesign, and control modeling. The inclusion of codes and standards,inspection procedures, and regulatory issues ensure that the reader can confidently design their own I&Csystems and integrate them into existing nuclear sites and projects. Covers various viewpoints, including theory, modeling, design and applications of I&C systems Includes codes and standards, inspection procedures and regulatory issues Combines engineering and physics aspects in one thorough resource, presenting human factors, modeling and HMI together for the first time Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants highlights the key role nuclear energy plays in the transition to a lower-carbon energy mix
Book Synopsis Scintillation Dosimetry by : Sam Beddar
Download or read book Scintillation Dosimetry written by Sam Beddar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scintillation Dosimetry delivers a comprehensive introduction to plastic scintillation dosimetry, covering everything from basic radiation dosimetry concepts to plastic scintillating fiber optics. Comprised of chapters authored by leading experts in the medical physics community, the book: Discusses a broad range of technical implementations, from point source dosimetry scaling to 3D-volumetric and 4D-scintillation dosimetry Addresses a wide scope of clinical applications, from machine quality assurance to small-field and in vivo dosimetry Examines related optical techniques, such as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or Čerenkov luminescence Thus, Scintillation Dosimetry provides an authoritative reference for detailed, state-of-the-art information on plastic scintillation dosimetry and its use in the field of radiation dosimetry.
Author :George Vourvopoulos Publisher :SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering ISBN 13 : Total Pages :666 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Neutrons in Research and Industry by : George Vourvopoulos
Download or read book Neutrons in Research and Industry written by George Vourvopoulos and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1997 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
