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Neutron Counting And Gamma Spectroscopy With Pvt Detectors
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Book Synopsis Neutron Counting and Gamma Spectroscopy with PVT Detectors by :
Download or read book Neutron Counting and Gamma Spectroscopy with PVT Detectors written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation portals normally incorporate a dedicated neutron counter and a gamma-ray detector with at least some spectroscopic capability. This paper describes the design and presents characterization data for a detection system called PVT-NG, which uses large polyvinyl toluene (PVT) detectors to monitor both types of radiation. The detector material is surrounded by polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which emits high-energy gamma rays following neutron capture reactions. Assessments based on high-energy gamma rays are well suited for the detection of neutron sources, particularly in border security applications, because few isotopes in the normal stream of commerce have significant gamma ray yields above 3 MeV. Therefore, an increased count rate for high-energy gamma rays is a strong indicator for the presence of a neutron source. The sensitivity of the PVT-NG sensor to bare 252Cf is 1.9 counts per second per nanogram (cps/ng) and the sensitivity for 252Cf surrounded by 2.5 cm of polyethylene is 2.3 cps/ng. The PVT-NG sensor is a proof-of-principal sensor that was not fully optimized. The neutron detector sensitivity could be improved, for instance, by using additional moderator. The PVT-NG detectors and associated electronics are designed to provide improved resolution, gain stability, and performance at high-count rates relative to PVT detectors in typical radiation portals. As well as addressing the needs for neutron detection, these characteristics are also desirable for analysis of the gamma-ray spectra. Accurate isotope identification results were obtained despite the common impression that the absence of photopeaks makes data collected by PVT detectors unsuitable for spectroscopic analysis. The PVT detectors in the PVT-NG unit are used for both gamma-ray and neutron detection, so the sensitive volume exceeds the volume of the detection elements in portals that use dedicated components to detect each type of radiation.
Book Synopsis Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy by : R. E. Chrien
Download or read book Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy written by R. E. Chrien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 875 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The post World War II era witnessed a tremendous growth in the research carried out in neutron-induced reactions and especially in neutron capture y-ray studies. This growth was stimulated by the availability of neutron sources, such as reactors and accelerators, and by the development of high resolution y-ray and conversion electron detectors. Today the combination of high flux reactors and precise instrumentation has produced spectral data of exceptional quality, as the pages of these proceedings illustrate. The world-wide community of the practioners of the art of cap ture y-ray spectroscopy has met three times in the last decade: the first international symposium on this subject was held at Studsvik, Sweden in 1969, and the second at Petten, The Netherlands in 1974. A smaller meeting, of mostly u. S. and some European parti cipation, was held at Argonne National Laboratory in 1966. A perusal of the proceedings of these meetings shows the striking ad vances in this now mature field of physics over the last dozen years. Each meeting has seen a small but perceptible increase in the number of papers presented and the number of laboratories repre sented. More importantly, each meeting has documented the increasing impact of (n,y) reasearch, not only on other areas of basic physics, but also on commercial and medical applications of this technology. A total of 29 invited papers and 97 contributed papers were presented at this symposium.
Book Synopsis The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting by : J. B. Birks
Download or read book The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting written by J. B. Birks and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Counting is a comprehensive account of the theory and practice of scintillation counting. This text covers the study of the scintillation process, which is concerned with the interactions of radiation and matter; the design of the scintillation counter; and the wide range of applications of scintillation counters in pure and applied science. The book is easy to read despite the complex nature of the subject it attempts to discuss. It is organized such that the first five chapters illustrate the fundamental concepts of scintillation counting. Chapters 6 to 10 detail the properties and applications of organic scintillators, while the next four chapters discuss inorganic scintillators. The last two chapters provide a review of some outstanding problems and a postscript. Nuclear physicists, radiation technologists, and postgraduate students of nuclear physics will find the book a good reference material.
Book Synopsis Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy by : R E Chrien
Download or read book Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy written by R E Chrien and published by . This book was released on 1979-06-01 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy and Activation Analysis by : Norman C. Rasmussen
Download or read book Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy and Activation Analysis written by Norman C. Rasmussen and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this contract were to carry out basic research in the areas of neutron spectroscopy and dosimetry, gamma-ray spectroscopy and dosimetry, and activation analysis techniques. Early work in gamma-ray spectroscopy was done mostly with the bent crystal spectrometers and the triple coincidence scintillation spectrometer which were used in capture gamma-ray studies. Later, however, all the work in gamma-ray spectroscopy was in the development and application of lithium drifted Ge(Li) solid state detectors. A description is included of the fabrication techniques used and the application of these detectors to the study of capture gamma-rays and spent reactor fuel. Work on problems of neutron spectroscopy and dosimetry are described. This work resulted in an improved method for measuring fast neutron spectra through the use of foils. The work done in activation analysis is summarized.
Book Synopsis Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials by : Doug Reilly
Download or read book Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials written by Doug Reilly and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neutron Capture Gamma-ray Spectroscopy by :
Download or read book Neutron Capture Gamma-ray Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis by : G. Molnar
Download or read book Handbook of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis written by G. Molnar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-23 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) is a unique, non-destructive nuclear analytical method with multi-element capabilities. It is most effective if intense neutron beams (especially cold beams) of nuclear reactors are used to induce the prompt gamma radiation. Based largely on the authors' pioneering research in cold neutron PGAA, the handbook describes the methodology in self-contained manner and reviews recent applications. The library of prompt gamma ray data and spectra for all natural elements is a unique aid to the practitioner. The level is understandable by a broad audience, which facilitates teaching and training. The Handbook of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis is a comprehensive handbook written for those practising the method, wanting to implement it at a reactor facility, or just looking for a powerful non-destructive method of element analysis. The book is also useful for nuclear physics, chemistry and engineering scientists, scholars and graduate students interested in neutron-induced gamma ray spectroscopy and nuclear analytical methods.
Book Synopsis Plastic Scintillators by : Matthieu Hamel
Download or read book Plastic Scintillators written by Matthieu Hamel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-10 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the physics and chemistry of plastic scintillators (fluorescent polymers) that are able to emit light when exposed to ionizing radiation, discussing their chemical modification in the early 1950s and 1960s, as well as the renewed upsurge in interest in the 21st century. The book presents contributions from various researchers on broad aspects of plastic scintillators, from physics, chemistry, materials science and applications, covering topics such as the chemical nature of the polymer and/or the fluorophores, modification of the photophysical properties (decay time, emission wavelength) and loading of additives to make the material more sensitive to, e.g., fast neutrons, thermal neutrons or gamma rays. It also describes the benefits of recent technological advances for plastic scintillators, such as nanomaterials and quantum dots, which allow features that were previously not achievable with regular organic molecules or organometallics.
Book Synopsis Neutron Detectors for Scattering Applications by : Yacouba Diawara
Download or read book Neutron Detectors for Scattering Applications written by Yacouba Diawara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2023-09-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most common neutron detectors used in neutron scattering facilities and all of those in use at Oak Ridge National Lab. It starts describing the facilities, instruments and the critical detector parameters needed by various instruments. Then the key components of the 3He-based linear position-sensitive detectors as well as on their electronics, which require particular attention to signal processing and noise reduction, are introduced. One chapter is dedicated to the 3He alternatives where scintillators play a critical role. It also covers emerging neutron detection technologies including semiconductors, vacuum-based devices and their associated readouts, which will be required in the future for high rate and high-resolution neutron detectors. The authors explain the logic behind the choice of materials as well as the various constraints that neutron detectors must respect to be useful. Some of these constraints, such as efficiency and gamma-ray sensitivity are common to all neutron counters while others, like timing resolution, dynamic range, and peak counting rate, depend on the applications. The book guides experts, the nuclear science community, and young scholars through the physical processes and the required electronics in a way that is accessible for those not professionally involved in designing detector’s components and electronic circuits.
Author :National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :96 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (37 download)
Book Synopsis Measurement of Absorbed Dose of Neutrons, and of Mixtures of Neutrons and Gamma Rays by : National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.)
Download or read book Measurement of Absorbed Dose of Neutrons, and of Mixtures of Neutrons and Gamma Rays written by National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Precision Neutron Capture Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Using Germanium Detectors in Compton-suppression Technique by : Walfried Michaelis
Download or read book High Precision Neutron Capture Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Using Germanium Detectors in Compton-suppression Technique written by Walfried Michaelis and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neutron and Photon Spectrometry and Techniques for Radiation Protection by : David J. Thomas
Download or read book Neutron and Photon Spectrometry and Techniques for Radiation Protection written by David J. Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neutron Capture Gamma-ray Spectroscopy by :
Download or read book Neutron Capture Gamma-ray Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :104 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Measurement of Neutron Flux and Spectra for Physical and Biological Applications by : National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.)
Download or read book Measurement of Neutron Flux and Spectra for Physical and Biological Applications written by National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Commissioning of the NPDGamma Detector Array: Counting Statistics in Current Mode Operation and Parity Violation in the Capture of Cold Neutrons on B4C and 27Al by :
Download or read book Commissioning of the NPDGamma Detector Array: Counting Statistics in Current Mode Operation and Parity Violation in the Capture of Cold Neutrons on B4C and 27Al written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :104 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (37 download)
Book Synopsis Measurement of Neutron Flux and Spectra for Physical and Biological Applications by : National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.)
Download or read book Measurement of Neutron Flux and Spectra for Physical and Biological Applications written by National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
