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Book Synopsis Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Glaucoma Model by : Ching Lai
Download or read book Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Glaucoma Model written by Ching Lai and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Glaucoma Model" by Ching, Lai, 賴晴, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Neuroprotective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on retinal ganglion cells in a rat glaucoma model submitted by Ching Lai for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in August 2003 Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy that ultimately causes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and loss of vision. Current therapies on this disease only aim at controlling intraocular pressure (IOP). However, patients undergoing such therapies may still develop RGCs degeneration. Therefore a new "therapy" has been suggested and is named neuroprotection. Neuroprotection aims at protecting and rescuing RGCs from damage. One suggested neuroprotectant is the Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE). GBE is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been shown to increase ocular blood flow velocity and thus may improve vision. However, the direct effect of GBE on RGCs survival has not been investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of GBE on RGCs in an ocular hypertension model. By using a laser-induced ocular hypertension model, we have demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of GBE on RGC survival. After administered Sprague- Dawley rats with 12 mg/ml, 120 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml GBE, RGC death observed in experimental glaucoma was virtually abolished. The possible neuroprotective mechanisms of GBE on experimental glaucoma were also examined in this study. It has been proposed that GBE protects neurons by modulating glial responses. We found that the number of OX42 immunopositive microglia was increased after GBE treatment in glaucomatous retinas. Based on the morphological analysis, the numbers of both the resting and activated forms of microglia were increased with GBE administration. The protective effect of GBE on RGCs was partially removed by inhibiting the response of microglia with the microglia inhibitory factor. We have also studied the role of other glial cells in protecting RGCs. Macroglia such as astrocytes and Muller cells were studied by quantifying the GFAP immunolabeled glial cells in the glaucomatous retina. Immunoreactivity of GFAP was enhanced after 1.2 mg/ml, 12 mg/ml and 120 mg/ml GBE treatments. In experiments on different survival periods after GBE administration, GBE was shown to induce an earlier onset and a sustained expression of GFAP in the glaucomatous retina when compared with the controls. Application of GBE may therefore be a potentially useful treatment in preventing the loss of vision in glaucoma patients. DOI: 10.5353/th_b2949405 Subjects: Retinal ganglion cells Ginkgo - Therapeutic use Glaucoma Rats as laboratory animals
Book Synopsis Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Glaucoma Model by : Ching Lai
Download or read book Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Glaucoma Model written by Ching Lai and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders by : Tahira Farooqui
Download or read book Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders written by Tahira Farooqui and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytochemicals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds found in edible fruits, plants, vegetables, and herbs. Unlike vitamins and minerals, phytochemicals are not needed for the maintenance of cell viability, but they play a vital role in protecting neural cells from inflammation and oxidative stress associated with normal aging and acute and chronic age-related brain diseases. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the advances in our understanding of the potential neuroprotective benefits that these naturally occurring chemicals contain. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the role that a number of plant-based chemical compounds play in a wide variety of neurological disorders. Chapters explore the impact of phytochemicals on neurotraumatic disorders, such as stroke and spinal cord injury, alongside neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. The chapters and sections of this book provide the reader with a big picture view of this field of research. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders aims to present readers with a comprehensive and cutting edge look at the effects of phytochemicals on the brain and neurological disorders in a manner useful to researchers, neuroscientists, clinical nutritionists, and physicians.
Book Synopsis Vestibular Compensation by : Michel Lacour
Download or read book Vestibular Compensation written by Michel Lacour and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diet — Brain Connections by : Mark Paul Mattson
Download or read book Diet — Brain Connections written by Mark Paul Mattson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-08-31 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Diet - Brain Connections fills a void between the fields of nutrition, behavior and cellular and molecular neurosciences by providing an integrated collection of articles that critically dissect the link between what we eat and how the brain develops and functions in health and disease ... This book provides an unprecedented resource for scientists in academia and government labs as well as in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food industries" -- Back cover.
Book Synopsis Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders by : Tahira Farooqui
Download or read book Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders written by Tahira Farooqui and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-02 with total page 913 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytochemicals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds found in edible fruits, plants, vegetables, and herbs. Unlike vitamins and minerals, phytochemicals are not needed for the maintenance of cell viability, but they play a vital role in protecting neural cells from inflammation and oxidative stress associated with normal aging and acute and chronic age-related brain diseases. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the advances in our understanding of the potential neuroprotective benefits that these naturally occurring chemicals contain. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the role that a number of plant-based chemical compounds play in a wide variety of neurological disorders. Chapters explore the impact of phytochemicals on neurotraumatic disorders, such as stroke and spinal cord injury, alongside neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. The chapters and sections of this book provide the reader with a big picture view of this field of research. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders aims to present readers with a comprehensive and cutting edge look at the effects of phytochemicals on the brain and neurological disorders in a manner useful to researchers, neuroscientists, clinical nutritionists, and physicians.
Download or read book Diabetes written by Soo Lim and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-29 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly worldwide, implying increases in associated micro- and macrovascular complications. Vascular complications in the heart, brain, and peripheral arteries are more than twice as prevalent in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes. Nearly 80% of patients with type 2 diabetes die from cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Prevention of vascular complications of diabetes is now an important public health priority worldwide. Statins and aspirin have been used widely to prevent or delay vascular complications in patients with diabetes, but residual risk remains. The development of drug-eluting stents has reduced the incidence of restenosis after coronary intervention, but restenosis of the intervened vessel is still a critical issue. Thus, studies have been focusing on finding new agents for improved treatment of macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Ginkgo biloba extracts have drawn attention in this context because of their antioxidant and anti-platelet properties, and thus their possible protective effects against atherosclerosis. There is substantial evidence supporting a protective role of Ginkgo biloba extracts against atherosclerosis in vitro and in rat models of this disease, however, there are limited data on this issue in humans. In this chapter, we discuss the pleiotropic anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic actions of Ginkgo biloba extracts from a cardiometabolic perspective.
Book Synopsis Ginkgo Biloba Extract (EGb 761) by : Francis V. DeFeudis
Download or read book Ginkgo Biloba Extract (EGb 761) written by Francis V. DeFeudis and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases by : Colin R Martin
Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases written by Colin R Martin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases provides an overview of oxidative stress in neurological diseases and associated conditions, including behavioral aspects and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are described in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling, and receptor mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and oxidative stress is a single component of this. The book examines basic processes of oxidative stress—from molecular biology to whole organs—relative to cellular defense systems, and across a range of neurological diseases. Sections discuss antioxidants in foods, including plants and components of the diet, examining the underlying mechanisms associated with therapeutic potential and clinical applications. Although some of this material is exploratory or preclinical, it can provide the framework for further in-depth analysis or studies via well-designed clinical trials or the analysis of pathways, mechanisms, and components in order to devise new therapeutic strategies. Very often oxidative stress is a feature of neurological disease and associated conditions which either centers on or around molecular and cellular processes. Oxidative stress can also arise due to nutritional imbalance during a spectrum of timeframes before the onset of disease or during its development. Offers an overview of oxidative stress from molecular biology to whole organs Discusses the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the patient diet Provides the framework for further in-depth analysis or studies of potential treatments
Book Synopsis An Investigation Into Pro-apoptotic Targets in Experimental Glaucoma and the Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba in Retinal Ganglion Cells by : A. Baltmr
Download or read book An Investigation Into Pro-apoptotic Targets in Experimental Glaucoma and the Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba in Retinal Ganglion Cells written by A. Baltmr and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.
Download or read book Ginkgo Biloba written by Teris A vanBeek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-02-23 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A present and up-to-date overview of this particular genus, the contents of this volume include a history of its use, biotechnology, extraction of ginkgo leaves and extensive coverage of the ginkolides; their discovery, biosynthesis, chemical analysis, clinical use and pharmacological activity. Other important constituents are also given attention.
Book Synopsis An Investigation Into Pro-apoptotic Targets in Experimental Glaucoma and the Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba in Retinal Ganglion Cells by : Abeir Baltmr
Download or read book An Investigation Into Pro-apoptotic Targets in Experimental Glaucoma and the Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba in Retinal Ganglion Cells written by Abeir Baltmr and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Examination of Neuroprotective Effects of 17B-estradiol and Extracts from Panax Quinquefolius L., Ginkgo Biloba and Hypericum Perforatum Against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Induced Nigral-striatal Neuronal Degeneration by : Wing-yan Chan (M.Phil., Veronica)
Download or read book An Examination of Neuroprotective Effects of 17B-estradiol and Extracts from Panax Quinquefolius L., Ginkgo Biloba and Hypericum Perforatum Against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Induced Nigral-striatal Neuronal Degeneration written by Wing-yan Chan (M.Phil., Veronica) and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection by : Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection written by Akhlaq A. Farooqui and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2011-01-26 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Neurodegenerative diseases are a complex heterogeneous group of diseases associated with site-specific premature and slow death of certain neuronal populations in brain and spinal cord tissues. For example, in Alzheimer disease, neuronal degeneration occu"
Book Synopsis To Investigate Neuroprotective Mechanism in Female Brain by : Jatin Tulsulkar
Download or read book To Investigate Neuroprotective Mechanism in Female Brain written by Jatin Tulsulkar and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well known that gender differences exist in the experimental or clinical stroke with respect to the tissue damage and the loss of functional outcome. We have previously reported neuroprotective properties of Ginkgo biloba/EGb 761® (EGb 761) in transient and permanent mouse models of brain ischemia in male mice and the mechanism of neuroprotection was attributed to the upregulation of the HO1/Wnt pathway. Here, we sought to investigate the novel hypothesis, whether neuroprotection by EGb 761 in ovariectomized (OVX) female mice is mediated by HO1/Wnt upregulation in a model of permanent cerebral ischemia. The OVX mice pretreated with EGb 761 for 7 days were subjected to permanent ischemia at day 8 and sacrificed on day 14. Infarct volume analysis showed that EGb 761 pretreated OVX mice had lower infarct volume, lower neurological deficits and improved motor skills as compared to OVX female vehicle mice. Protein analysis studies demonstrated that neuroprotection in EGb 761 pretreatment OVX group is not mediated by HO1/Wnt pathway. Furthermore EGb 761 pretreatment group demonstrated overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS). In addition, increased expression of TNF-a in the vehicle group was observed to be comparatively lower in EGb 761 pretreated OVX group. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of EGb 761 in females is not associated with the activation and upregulation of HO1/Wnt pathway. To further understand the cell death mechanism involved, we studied expression levels of apoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-8 which were found to be significantly elevated in the Veh/OVX group as compared to the EGb 761/OVX group. We previously showed that EGb 761 post and pretreatment enhances neurogenesis by increasing the number of neural stem progenitor cells (NSPC's) in male mice 7 days following permanent ischemia, similarly in this study we demonstrated that in absence of ovarian hormone estrogen, EGb 761 increased NSPC's 7 days after ischemia. To test whether EGb 761 in absence of estrogen activates another gonadal steroid androgen, luciferase assay and immunofluorescent studies suggested that EGb 761 significantly binds and results in activation of androgen receptor (AR) in female brain. Taken together these results suggest that the possible mechanism of EGb 761 mediated neuroprotection in females following permanent ischemia is independent of HO1/Wnt signaling and via caspase dependent pathway and neurogenesis.
Book Synopsis An Examination of Neuroprotective Effects of 17B-estradiol and Extracts from Panax Quinquefolius L., Ginkgo Biloba and Hypericum Perforatum Against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)induced Nigral-striatal Neuronal Degeneration by :
Download or read book An Examination of Neuroprotective Effects of 17B-estradiol and Extracts from Panax Quinquefolius L., Ginkgo Biloba and Hypericum Perforatum Against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)induced Nigral-striatal Neuronal Degeneration written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
