Neuroprotection In Brain Hypoxia

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Neuroprotection in Brain Hypoxia

Author : Matilde Otero-Losada
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889459543
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroprotection in Brain Hypoxia by : Matilde Otero-Losada

Download or read book Neuroprotection in Brain Hypoxia written by Matilde Otero-Losada and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-08-30 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite compelling preclinical evidence from laboratory models of brain hypoxia suggesting potential neuroprotective strategies, only scattered data are available from clinical studies. A few candidate neuroprotectants have been studied regarding antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anti-excitotoxic, immunomodulatory, and neurotrophic effects. In parallel with clinical innovations, preclinical research initiatives are also identifying new animal models more closely resembling the clinical course and pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. Clarifying the specific mission of the brain cells involved in the damage/repair system in the examined animal models is important to define new therapeutic targets. Following hypoxic damage, detrimental events intermingle with the repairing events in both time- and cellular-dependent fashion. Identifying reliable post-hypoxia brain markers is mandatory to develop potential therapeutic interventions, improving translational research from the experimental observations to the clinical application. A deeper understanding of the precise participation of neurons, glia, and endothelial cells is expected to offer more clues for designing new therapeutic strategies to reduce the current gap among the experimental and the clinical data. One of the main issues should be to study the epigenetic mechanism of neuroprotective agents and their action on the genetic modification induced by hypoxia. Achieving this goal is presumed critical to obtain more conclusive results in patients that by now do not receive appropriate therapy for mitigating the several diseases generated by brain hypoxia. Although a few ongoing studies are evaluating interesting approaches, future research is necessary to come to a novel mechanism of neuroprotection. This book encompasses different chapters conveying the goals and aims of the pertaining research.

Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia: New Insights Into Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection

Author : Natalia N Nalivaeva
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889631176
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia: New Insights Into Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection by : Natalia N Nalivaeva

Download or read book Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia: New Insights Into Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection written by Natalia N Nalivaeva and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Mechanisms of Hypoxic Brain Injury in the Newborn and Potential Strategies for Neuroprotection

Author : Om P. Mishra
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788178952635
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (526 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Hypoxic Brain Injury in the Newborn and Potential Strategies for Neuroprotection by : Om P. Mishra

Download or read book Mechanisms of Hypoxic Brain Injury in the Newborn and Potential Strategies for Neuroprotection written by Om P. Mishra and published by . This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is with great pleasure that I present to you this book. At the present time, physicians and scientists are working feverishly to find novel strategies for neuroprotection in human preterm and term hypoxic newborns. Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia and asphyxia present a great challenge to all of us concerned with the deleterious consequences that manifest as cerebral dysfunction, mental retardation, and cerebral palsy. This book entitled Mechanisms of Hypoxic Brain Injury in the Newborn and Potential Strategies for Neuroprotection will be of great interest to physicians, clinician-scientists, and researchers in a number of disciplines including Pediatrics, Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Developmental Biology, Neurology, Pediatric Neurology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neuroscience, Developmental Neuroscience, Developmental Neurochemistry, and to everyone interested in the developing brain . The information presented in this book will be appropriate to residents, clinical fellows, pre- and post-doctoral fellows, faculty of basic science departments, faculty of clinical departments, and to the most advanced researchers in the field of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in the fetus and the newborn. I would like to thank sincerely my colleagues and contributors to this book for their excellent efforts and extremely valuable time. Each contributor to this book is a pioneer in his or her field: the contributions are superb. As a reader, you will find that the authors of this book are from different parts of the world and that this book presents the forefront of cutting-edge global research and developments in the field of hypoxic brain injury in newborns. Finally, I would like to thank my wife Ira Mishra, whose constant support and patience have been invaluable in helping to produce not just this book but thirty years of my research investigations on the mechanisms of hypoxic injury in the developing brain.

Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury

Author : Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498766579
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by : Daniel Laskowitz

Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme

Clinical Neuroprotection Against Tissue Hypoxia During Brain Injuries; The Challenges and the Targets

Author : Thomas I Nathaniel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789535102656
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Neuroprotection Against Tissue Hypoxia During Brain Injuries; The Challenges and the Targets by : Thomas I Nathaniel

Download or read book Clinical Neuroprotection Against Tissue Hypoxia During Brain Injuries; The Challenges and the Targets written by Thomas I Nathaniel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Innate Tolerance in the CNS

Author : Jeffrey M. Gidday
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 144199694X
Total Pages : 685 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Innate Tolerance in the CNS by : Jeffrey M. Gidday

Download or read book Innate Tolerance in the CNS written by Jeffrey M. Gidday and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-21 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cerebral preconditioning is a phenomenon wherein a mild insult or stress induces cellular and tissue adaptation or tolerance to a later, severe injury, therefore reflecting the efficacy of endogenous mechanisms of cerebrovascular protection. Initially identified for rapid cardiac protection, preconditioning has expanded to all aspects of CNS protection from ischemia, trauma and potentially neurodegeneration. Many different stimuli or stressors have been identified as preconditioning agents, suggesting a downstream convergence of mechanisms and underscoring the potential for translational application of preconditioning in the clinic. Moreover, the fundamental mechanisms responsible for preconditioning-induced tolerance will help in the design novel pharmacological approaches for neuroprotection. While stroke and many other brain injuries are not predictable, in some populations (e.g., metabolic syndrome, patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, aneurysm clipping, or with recent TIAs) the risk for stroke is identifiable and significant, and preconditioning may represent a useful strategy for neuroprotection. For unpredictable injuries, post-conditioning the brain – or inducing endogenous protective mechanisms after the initial injury – can also abrogate the extent of injury. Finally, remote pre- and post-conditioning methods have been developed in animals, and are now being tested in clinical trials, wherein a brief, noninjurious stress to a noncerebral tissue (i.e., skeletal muscle) can provide protection to the CNS and thereby allows clinicians the opportunity to circumvent concerns regarding the direct preconditioning of neurological tissues.

Emerging Strategies in Neuroprotection

Author : Manangos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468467964
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Strategies in Neuroprotection by : Manangos

Download or read book Emerging Strategies in Neuroprotection written by Manangos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SOLOMON H. SNYDER Receptor Research Reaches Neurology: Relevance to Neurodegenerative Diseases and Stroke President George Bush has heralded the 1990s as the decade of the brain, based largely on the rapid escalation of advances in the molecular neuro sciences and the likelihood that these will bear therapeutic fruit before the turn of the century. There is little doubt that the 1970s and 1980s have witnessed more remarkable advances in the molecular neurosciences than all of the preceding hundred years. Identification of receptor sites for drugs and neurotransmitters along with simple, sensitive, and specific means of monitoring them has made it possible to elucidate the mechanism of action for many known drugs and to identify new chemical entities as potential therapeutic agents. At the same time, the numbers of distinct neurotrans mitters have multiplied. Prior to 1970 only the biogenic amines were well accepted as transmitters. The early 1970s witnessed the gradual acceptance of amino acids as major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Identification of opiate receptors and the subsequent identification of the enkephalins as their endogenous ligands led to an appreciation of peptides as putative transmitters and the accumulation of as many as a hundred neuropeptides by the decade's end. In the 1980s the revolutions of molecular biology have been applied aggressively to the neurosciences with molecular cloning for neuropeptide precursors, many important neurochemical en zymes, and receptors for numerous transmitters.

Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia

Author : Gabriel G. Haddad
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1603275797
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia by : Gabriel G. Haddad

Download or read book Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia written by Gabriel G. Haddad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-06 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia explores the various aspects of cell death and survival that are crucial for understanding the basic mechanisms underlying brain hypoxia and ischemia. Chapters focus on a panorama of issues including the role of ion channels/transporters, mitochondria and apoptotic mechanisms, the roles of glutamate/NMDA, mechanisms in penumbral cells and the importance of intermittent hypoxia and gene regulation under these stressful conditions. The volume explores findings from both mammalian and invertebrate model systems and their applicability to human systems and diseases. Careful consideration is also given to differences in hypoxia and ischemia across development. This volume aims to increase the understanding of these mechanisms and to stimulate research on better diagnosis and treatment of diseases that afflict the brain and potentially other organs when O2 levels are dysregulated. Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia is designed for neuroscientists, clinicians and medical/graduate students for use in both basic research and clinical practice.

Endogenous Neuroprotection

Author : Bernhard Schaller
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781604562286
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Endogenous Neuroprotection by : Bernhard Schaller

Download or read book Endogenous Neuroprotection written by Bernhard Schaller and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endogenous neuoprotection is a phenomenon where a brief episode of ischemia renders the brain resistant against a subsequent longer-asting ischemia event. Experimentally, the author was able to model hypoxic preconditioning in animal model. Increasing knowledge of this endogenous neuroprotectin by ischemic tolerance may help to minimize neuronal damage following ischemic stroke and hypoxic encephalopathy. This book is, therefore, the first overview of this important topic and will certainly influence further investigations in clinical and neuroscience research.

New Trends in Brain Hypoxia Ischemia Research

Author : Eetu Hämäläinen
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781604561401
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis New Trends in Brain Hypoxia Ischemia Research by : Eetu Hämäläinen

Download or read book New Trends in Brain Hypoxia Ischemia Research written by Eetu Hämäläinen and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent and significant research from around the world dedicated to brain hypoxia-ischemia which is a disorder characterised by a reduction in oxygen supply (hypoxia) combined with reduced blood flow (ischemia) to the brain. This condition may result from a localised obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ischemic attack, transient; brain infarction; brain edema; coma; and other conditions.

Treatment with an Activator of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1, DMOG Provides Neuroprotection After Traumatic Brain Injury

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Treatment with an Activator of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1, DMOG Provides Neuroprotection After Traumatic Brain Injury by :

Download or read book Treatment with an Activator of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1, DMOG Provides Neuroprotection After Traumatic Brain Injury written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of TRPM2 Inhibition in Neuroprotection Following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury

Author : FEIYA. LI
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of TRPM2 Inhibition in Neuroprotection Following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury by : FEIYA. LI

Download or read book Effects of TRPM2 Inhibition in Neuroprotection Following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury written by FEIYA. LI and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a major cause of acute mortality and chronic neurological morbidity in infants and children. Studies indicate that transient receptor potential melastatin 2 or TRPM2 (a non-selective cation channel with high permeability to calcium that can be activated by intracellular adenosine diphosphoribose [ADPR] and H2O2) can mediate neuronal death following acute ischemic insults in adult mice as well as HI brain injury in neonatal mice. My study tested the effect of a newly described TRPM2 channel inhibitor AG490 by using a H2O2-induced neuronal cell death in vitro model and mouse HI brain injury in vivo model. I found that the inhibition of TRPM2 channels by AG490 demonstrates a neuroprotective effect both in vitro and in vivo. The neuroprotective effect of AG490 following post-injury treatment suggests the potential clinical implications of this drug, including the possible prevention of HI related neurological complications such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

NEUROPROTECTION OF TANSHINONE

Author : 黑明燕
Publisher : Open Dissertation Press
ISBN 13 : 9781374729162
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (291 download)

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Book Synopsis NEUROPROTECTION OF TANSHINONE by : 黑明燕

Download or read book NEUROPROTECTION OF TANSHINONE written by 黑明燕 and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Neuroprotection of Tanshinone IIA to Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Damage in Neonatal SD Rat" by 黑明燕, Mingyan, Hei, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled NEUROPROTECTION OF TANSHINONE IIA TO HYPOXIC- ISCHEMIC BRAIN DAMAGE IN NEONATAL SD RAT Submitted by HEI Mingyan For the Higher Degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong In January 2003 Deleted: (HIE) Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy is a disease with long term neurological deficits and high mortality, in which glutamate excitotoxicity and mitochondrial function play critical roles. HI may cause apoptosis and/or necrosis in Deleted: brain, which is linked to the brain via activation of glutamate receptors (e.g. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, Deleted: (ie Deleted: simple extraction NMDA receptors). Tanshinone IIa (TanIIa) is a purified component of a traditional Chinese medicine, Radix Salviae Miltirrhizae (RSM). The effect of TanIIa to NMDA Deleted: mitochondria functions receptors and mitochondrial function has never been addressed. We studied the effect Deleted: addressed. In this study, we used neonatal SD rat HIE model to study Deleted: to hypoxia-ischemia (HI)- of TanIIa on HI-induced brain damage in neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with induced Deleted: SD rat, and respect to NMDA receptors activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and/or Deleted: in aspects of Deleted: mitochondria function, and necrosis. apoptosis/necrosis Deleted: various One μg/g TanIIa was administered to rat pups subjected to HI insult for varying Deleted: quantitize durations. TTC method was used to quantitate the damage. At 24 h, 3 d and 7 d of Deleted: 19%, 26% (p=0.232) treatment, brain damage in TanIIa treated animals was reduced by 19% (p=0.334), 26% (p=0.232) and 68% (p=0.035), indicating a time-dependent pattern of the Deleted: were neuroprotection. The reduction was most prominent in thalamus and hippocampus. Deleted: NMDARs. The expression of NR1 and NR3A was upregulated in the Fluorescent immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to study the alteration of region where phoshorylation of NR1 was downregulated in the ipsilateral hemisphere after HI. NMDA receptors. After HI, NR1 and NR3A expression were upregulated in the ipsilateral hemishphere, while NR1 phosphorylation in the same region was downregulated. Cerebral microinjection of NMDA induced similar NMDA receptor Deleted: IHC expression suggesting a direct relation between HI-induced changes of NMDA Deleted: neurotoxicity. TanIIa decreased receptors and glutamate excitotoxicity. Either TanIIa or MK-801 (a NMDA receptor Deleted: increased antagonist) treatment prevented the HI-induced increase in NR1 and NR3A, and decrease in NR1 phosphorylation at 12 h and 24 h after HI. Deleted: and PI/DAPI co-staining was used to study apoptosis and necrosis, IHC staining of cleaved caspase-3 (to indicate apoptotic cells) and propidium iodide respectively. (PI) staining (to indicate necrotic cells) were conducted at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 3 d Deleted: apoptotic cells ( after HI. TanIIa markedly reduced the number of cleaved caspase-3 positive cells Deleted: cells) but he number of necrotic cells (PI positive cells) in TanIIa group was almost the same as in control from 12 h after HI, but did not influence the number of PI positive cells group. Deleted: measured Deleted: was used to study Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ ) was determined by flow cytometry as an mitochondria index of mitochondrial function. In the ipsilateral hemisp

Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia Research Progress

Author : Océane M. Roux
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781604561395
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia Research Progress by : Océane M. Roux

Download or read book Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia Research Progress written by Océane M. Roux and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain hypoxia-ischemia is a disorder characterised by a reduction in oxygen supply (hypoxia) combined with reduced blood flow (ischemia) to the brain. This condition may result from a localised obstruction of a cerebral artery or from systemic hypoperfusion. Prolonged hypoxia-ischemia is associated with ischemic attack, transient; brain infarction; brain oedema; coma; and other conditions. This book presents the latest research in this field from around the world.

Clinical Neuroprotection Against Tissue Hypoxia During Brain Injuries; The Challenges and the Targets

Author : Thomas I Nathaniel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Neuroprotection Against Tissue Hypoxia During Brain Injuries; The Challenges and the Targets by : Thomas I Nathaniel

Neuroprotection

Author : Bae Hwan Lee
Publisher : Mdpi AG
ISBN 13 : 9783036519944
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroprotection by : Bae Hwan Lee

Download or read book Neuroprotection written by Bae Hwan Lee and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dear Colleagues, The brain is vulnerable to injury. Following injury in the brain, apoptosis or necrosis may occur easily, leading to various functional disabilities. Neuronal death is associated with a number of neurological disorders including hypoxic ischemia, epileptic seizures, and neurodegenerative diseases. The brain subjected to injury is regarded to be responsible for the alterations in neurotransmission processes, resulting in functional changes. Oxidative stress produced by reactive oxygen species has been shown to be related to the death of neurons in traumatic injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, scavenging or decreasing free radicals may be crucial for preventing neural tissues from harmful adversities in the brain. Neurotrophic factors, bioactive compounds, dietary nutrients, or cell engineering may ameliorate the pathological processes related to neuronal death or neurodegeneration and appear beneficial for improving neuroprotection. As a result of neuronal death or neuroprotection, the brain undergoes activity-dependent long-lasting changes in synaptic transmission, which is also known as functional plasticity. Neuroprotection implying the rescue from neuronal death is now becoming one of global health concerns. This Special Issue attempts to explore the recent advances in neuroprotection related to the brain. This Special Issue welcomes original research or review papers demonstrating the mechanisms of neuroprotection against brain injury using in vivo or in vitro models of animals as well as in clinical settings. The issues in a paper should be supported by sufficient data or evidence. Prof. Bae Hwan Lee Guest Editor

Neurohospitalist Medicine

Author : S. Andrew Josephson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139501828
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurohospitalist Medicine by : S. Andrew Josephson

Download or read book Neurohospitalist Medicine written by S. Andrew Josephson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, the hospitalist model has become a dominant system for the delivery of inpatient care. Forces such as national mandates to improve safety and quality, and intense pressure to safely reduce length of hospital stays, are now exerting pressure on neurologists. To meet these challenges, a new neurohospitalist model is emerging. This is the first authoritative text to detail the advances and strategies for treating neurologic disease in a hospital setting. It includes chapters on specific acute neurologic diseases including stroke, epilepsy, neuromuscular disease and traumatic brain injury and also addresses common reasons for neurologic consultation in the hospital including encephalopathy, electrolyte disturbances and neurologic complications of pregnancy. Ethical and structural issues commonly encountered in neurologic inpatients are also addressed. This will be a key resource for any clinician or trainee caring for neurologic patients in the hospital including practising neurologists, internists and trainees across multiple subspecialities.