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Neural Mechanisms Of Visual Perception
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Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Color Vision by : Bevil R. Conway
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Color Vision written by Bevil R. Conway and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-07-31 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Foreword by Nobel Laureate David Hubel: "We now have the first clear demonstration of double opponent cells in the primate visual system. Given the temperament of those who work in the field of color vision there seems little doubt that heated debates will continue, but for the present at least, the subject seems to be as close to settled as such things can be in science." How the brain represents color remains one of the most controversial topics in neurophysiology. We know that color is represented through an opponent mechanism, demonstrated by the fact that some colors are exclusive of others. Yet how these antagonistic chromatic axes are represented in the cortex has been a mystery. Dr. Conway mapped the spatial and temporal structure of the cone inputs to single neurons in the primary visual cortex of the alert macaque. Color cells had receptive fields that were often Double-Opponent, an organization of spatial and chromatic opponency sufficient to form the basis for color constancy and spatial color contrast. Almost all color cells gave a bigger response to color when preceded by an opposite color, suggesting that these cells also encode temporal color contrast. In sum, color perception is likely subserved by a subset of specialized neurons in the primary visual cortex. These cells are distinct from those that likely underlie form and motion perception. Color cells establish three color axes sufficient to describe all colors; moreover these cells are capable of computing spatial and temporal color contrast - and probably contribute to color constancy computations - because the receptive fields of these cells show spatial and temporal chromatic opponency.
Book Synopsis Brain and Visual Perception by : David H. Hubel M.D.
Download or read book Brain and Visual Perception written by David H. Hubel M.D. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-10-14 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of a hugely successful and enjoyable 25-year collaboration between two scientists who set out to learn how the brain deals with the signals it receives from the two eyes. Their work opened up a new area of brain research that led to their receiving the Nobel Prize in 1981. The book contains their major papers from 1959 to 1981, each preceded and followed by comments telling how and why the authors went about the study, how the work was received, and what has happened since. It begins with short autobiographies of both men, and describes the state of the field when they started. It is intended not only for neurobiologists, but for anyone interested in how the brain works-biologists, psychologists, philosophers, physicists, historians of science, and students at all levels from high school to graduate level.
Book Synopsis Contrast Sensitivity by : Robert Shapley
Download or read book Contrast Sensitivity written by Robert Shapley and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventeen contributions present current research in visual signal processing, in the retina and central pathways, and in the study of contrast sensitivity in humans. The seventeen contributions present current research in visual signal processing, in the retina and central pathways, and in the study of contrast sensitivity in humans.
Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Visual Perception by : Retina Research Foundation (U.S.). Symposium
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Visual Perception written by Retina Research Foundation (U.S.). Symposium and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Visual Perception by : Lothar Spillmann
Download or read book Visual Perception written by Lothar Spillmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an interdisciplinary overview of the main facts and theories that guide contemporary research on visual perception. While the chapters cover virtually all areas of visual science, from philosophical foundations to computational algorithms, and from photoreceptor processes to neuronal networks, no attempt has been made to provide an exhaustive treatment of these topics. Rather, researchers from such diverse disciplines as psychology, neurophysiology, anatomy, and clinical vision sciences have worked together to review some of the most important correlations between perceptual phenomena and the underlying neurophysiological processes and mechanisms. The book is thus intended to serve as an advanced text for graduate students and as a guide for all vision researchers to understanding current progress outside their specialized fields of interest.ï Examines parallel processing of visual informationï Discusses links between physiologically-measured receptive fields and psychophysically-measured perceptive fieldsï Presents a spatial sampling by the retina and cortical modulesï Covers signal transduction and the sites of adaptationï Describes a single-cell analysis of attentionï Discusses computational models of vision
Book Synopsis Discovering the Brain by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Book Synopsis The Neural Basis of Early Vision by : A. Kaneko
Download or read book The Neural Basis of Early Vision written by A. Kaneko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-03-06 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers in recent decades have elucidated signal transduction in the retina and the function of the visual cortex. The highly flexible nature of neural circuits in the visual cortex especially during the critical period has been an interesting subject for studying neural plasticity and development. Recent advances in the visual neurosciences of the vertebrate retina and the visual cortex were discussed during the 12th Keio International Symposium for Life Science and Medicine, meeting jointly with Vision Forum 2002. Contributions to the symposium collected in this volume reflect the convergence of physiological, cell biological, molecular, mathematical, and clinical approaches. The book covers topics ranging from phototransduction to visual information processing in the primary visual cortex, and includes clinical studies on hereditary night blindness, creating a valuable source of information for researchers and clinicians in the visual neurosciences.
Download or read book Binocular Rivalry written by David Alais and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent work on perceptual ambiguity and its implications for the correlation between neural events and perceptual experience. Researchers today in neuroscience and cognitive psychology increasingly turn their attention to binocular rivalry and other forms of perceptual ambiguity or bistability. The study of fluctuations in visual perception in the face of unchanging visual input offers a means for understanding the link between neural events and visual events, including visual awareness. Some neuroscientists believe that binocular rivalry reveals a fundamental aspect of human cognition and provides a way to isolate and study brain areas involved in attention and selection. The eighteen essays collected in Binocular Rivalry present the most recent theoretical and empirical work on this key topic by leading researchers in the field. After the opening chapter's overview of the major characteristics of binocular rivalry in their historical contexts, the contributors consider topics ranging from the basic phenomenon of perceptual ambiguity to brain models and neural networks. The essays illustrate the potential power of the study of perceptual ambiguity as a tool for learning about the neural concomitants of visual awareness, or, as they have been called, the "neural correlates of consciousness."
Book Synopsis Brain and the Gaze by : Jan Lauwereyns
Download or read book Brain and the Gaze written by Jan Lauwereyns and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although we routinely take our vision to be veridical representations of reality, in actuality we choose (albeit unwittingly) or construct what we see. By movements of the eyes, the direction of our gaze, we create meaning. The author offers a reformulation of perception and its neural underpinnings, focusing on the active nature of perception. In his investigation of active perception and its brain mechanisms, he offers the gaze as the principal paradigm for perception. He discusses the dynamic and constrained nature of perception; the complex information processing at the level of the retina; the active nature of vision; the intensive nature of representations; the gaze of others as visual stimulus; and the intentionality of vision and consciousness.
Download or read book Webvision written by Helga Kolb and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regeneration and Plasticity in the Mammalian Visual System by : Dominic Man-Kit Lam
Download or read book Regeneration and Plasticity in the Mammalian Visual System written by Dominic Man-Kit Lam and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth volume in the Retina Research Foundation Symposia Proceedings highlights several of the strategies and experimental paradigms that are currently used to exploit and amplify the regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian visual system, and reviews the exciting advances being made in understanding the molecular basis of central nervous system regeneration.Because loss of neurons or interruptions of their connective pathways in the mammalian visual system can, in contrast to certain amphibians and fish, lead to permanent loss of vision, studies of regeneration and plasticity in this system serve as valuable models for the reconstitution of other parts of the nervous system and as potential approaches to the diverse disorders that lead to visual loss.Dominic Man-Kit Lam is Director of the Center for Biotechnology and Professor of Biotechnology, Cell Biology, and Ophthalmology at Baylor College of Medicine. Garth M. Bray is Professor in the Centre for Research in Neuroscience at McGill University.Partial Contents and Contributors: I. Introduction. Harold J. Sheedo, James E. Turner. II. Cells and Molecules that Influence Neuronal Survival. Susan 0. Meakin, Eric M. Shooter, Garth M. Bray, Lamberto Maffei it al. III. Molecular Mechanisms of Axonal Regeneration. Louis F. Reichardt, Greg E. Lemke, Randall N. Pittman, Susan Spencer, Mark B. Willard, et al. IV. Retinal Responses to Injury and Transplantation. Kwok Fai So, Raymond D. Lund, Harold J. Sheedlo, Manuel P. delCerro et al. V. Plasticity of Connectivity in the Visual System. Edward G. Jones, Douglas 0. Frost, Torsten N. Wiesel, Albert J. Aquayo, et al.
Book Synopsis The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes by : Micah M. Murray
Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.
Book Synopsis The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory by : Naoyuki Osaka
Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory written by Naoyuki Osaka and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is only relatively recently that it has been possible to study the neural processes that might underlie working memory, leading to a proliferation of research in this domain. This volume brings together leading researchers from around the world to summarise current knowledge of this field.
Book Synopsis Vision, Brain, and Behavior in Birds by : Harris Philip Zeigler
Download or read book Vision, Brain, and Behavior in Birds written by Harris Philip Zeigler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive and current review of considerable progress made over the past decade in analyzing neural and behavioral mechanisms mediating visually guided behavior in birds.The visual capacities of birds rival even those of primates, and their visual system probably reflects the operation of a ground plan common to all vertebrates. This book provides the first comprehensive and current review of considerable progress made over the past decade in analyzing neural and behavioral mechanisms mediating visually guided behavior in birds.The book's five major sections deal with the visual world of birds, the organization of avian visual systems, the development and plasticity of visual structure and function, visuomotor control mechanisms, and cognitive processes. The introduction to each section discusses the nature and significance of the problem areas, providing a context for the chapters to follow, which review the current status of research on a specific problem. The contributors are an international assemblage of researchers, representing a wide variety of disciplines, ranging from ornithology to neurophysiology and including ethology, experimental psychology, anatomy, and developmental neurobiology. For the ethologist, avian behavior is the source of a wide variety of species-typical fixed action patterns; for the experimental psychologist, birds are the subject of choice for studies of conditioning, learning, and cognitive processes; for the neurobiologist they provide model systems for studying developmental processes, sensory mechanisms, orientation, and motor control. For these reasons, research on the avian brain and behavior occupies an increasingly important place in contemporary behavioral biology.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination by : Anna Abraham
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination written by Anna Abraham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human imagination manifests in countless different forms. We imagine the possible and the impossible. How do we do this so effortlessly? Why did the capacity for imagination evolve and manifest with undeniably manifold complexity uniquely in human beings? This handbook reflects on such questions by collecting perspectives on imagination from leading experts. It showcases a rich and detailed analysis on how the imagination is understood across several disciplines of study, including anthropology, archaeology, medicine, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, and the arts. An integrated theoretical-empirical-applied picture of the field is presented, which stands to inform researchers, students, and practitioners about the issues of relevance across the board when considering the imagination. With each chapter, the nature of human imagination is examined - what it entails, how it evolved, and why it singularly defines us as a species.
Book Synopsis The Neurobiology of Cognition and Behavior by : John Hart (Jr.)
Download or read book The Neurobiology of Cognition and Behavior written by John Hart (Jr.) and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Neurobiology of Cognition and Behavior" is a cognitive neuroscience that maps cognitive/behavioral units with anatomical regions in the human brain. The brain-behavioral associations are based on functional neuroimaging combined with lesion studies. The findings will be used to explain differences in clinical syndromes with videos of patients included.
Book Synopsis The Neuropsychology of Attention by : Ronald A. Cohen
Download or read book The Neuropsychology of Attention written by Ronald A. Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been 15 years since the original publication of Neuropsychology of Attention. At the time of its publication, attention was a construct that had long been of theoretical interest in the field of psychology and was receiving increased research by cognitive scientists. Yet, attention was typically viewed as a nuisance variable; a factor that needed to be accounted for when assessing brain function, but of limited importance in its own right. There is a need for a new edition of this book within Neuropsychology to present an updated and integrated review of what is know about attention, the disorders that affect it, and approaches to its clinical assessment and treatment. Such a book will provide perspectives for experimental neuropsychological study of attention and also provide clinicians with insights on how to approach this neuropsychological domain.
