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Natural Philosophy Physica De Caelo De Generatione Et Corruptione
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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Natural Philosophy by : Sachiko Kusukawa
Download or read book The Transformation of Natural Philosophy written by Sachiko Kusukawa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-03-09 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes that Philip Melanchthon was responsible for transforming traditional university natural philosophy into a specifically Lutheran one. Motivated by desire to check civil disobedience and promote a Lutheran orthodoxy, he created a natural philosophy based on Aristotle, Galen and Plato, incorporating contemporary findings of Copernicus and Vesalius. The fields of astrology, anatomy, botany and mathematics all constituted a natural philosophy in which Melanchthon wished to demonstrate God's Providential design in the physical world. Rather than dichotomizing or synthesizing the two distinct areas of 'science' and 'religion', Kusukawa advocates the need to look at 'Natural philosophy' as a discipline quite different from either 'modern science' or 'religion': a contextual assessment of the implication of the Lutheran Reformation on university education, particularly on natural philosophy.
Book Synopsis The Works of Aristotle: Physica; De caelo; De generatione et corruptione by : Aristotle
Download or read book The Works of Aristotle: Physica; De caelo; De generatione et corruptione written by Aristotle and published by . This book was released on 1930 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Nature of Natural Philosophy in the Late Middle Ages (Studies in Philosophy and the History of Philosophy, Volume 52) by : Edward Grant
Download or read book The Nature of Natural Philosophy in the Late Middle Ages (Studies in Philosophy and the History of Philosophy, Volume 52) written by Edward Grant and published by CUA Press. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, distinguished scholar Edward Grant identifies the vital elements that contributed to the creation of a widespread interest in natural philosophy, which has been characterized as the "Great Mother of the Sciences."
Book Synopsis John Dee's Natural Philosophy by : Nicholas Clulee
Download or read book John Dee's Natural Philosophy written by Nicholas Clulee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-02-15 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the definitive study of John Dee and his intellectual career. Originally published in 1988, this interpretation is far more detailed than any that came before and is an authoritative account for anyone interested in the history, literature and scientific developments of the Renaissance, or the occult. John Dee has fascinated successive generations. Mathematician, scientist, astrologer and magus at the court of Elizabeth I, he still provokes controversy. To some he is the genius whose contributions to navigation made possible the feats of Elizabethan explorers and colonists, to others an alchemist and charlatan. Thoroughly examining Dee’s natural philosophy, this book provides a balanced evaluation of his place, and the role of the occult, in sixteenth-century intellectual history. It brings together insights from a study of Dee’s writings, the available biographical material, and his sources as reflected in his extensive library and, more importantly, numerous surviving annotated volumes from it.
Book Synopsis A History of Natural Philosophy by : Edward Grant
Download or read book A History of Natural Philosophy written by Edward Grant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural philosophy encompassed all natural phenomena of the physical world. It sought to discover the physical causes of all natural effects and was little concerned with mathematics. By contrast, the exact mathematical sciences were narrowly confined to various computations that did not involve physical causes, functioning totally independently of natural philosophy. Although this began slowly to change in the late Middle Ages, a much more thoroughgoing union of natural philosophy and mathematics occurred in the seventeenth century and thereby made the Scientific Revolution possible. The title of Isaac Newton's great work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, perfectly reflects the new relationship. Natural philosophy became the 'Great Mother of the Sciences', which by the nineteenth century had nourished the manifold chemical, physical, and biological sciences to maturity, thus enabling them to leave the 'Great Mother' and emerge as the multiplicity of independent sciences we know today.
Book Synopsis The Arabic, Hebrew and Latin Reception of Avicenna's Metaphysics by : Dag Nikolaus Hasse
Download or read book The Arabic, Hebrew and Latin Reception of Avicenna's Metaphysics written by Dag Nikolaus Hasse and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avicenna’s Metaphysics (in Arabic: Ilâhiyyât) is the most important and influential metaphysical treatise of classical and medieval times after Aristotle. This volume presents studies on its direct and indirect influence in Arabic, Hebrew, and Latin culture from the time of its composition in the early eleventh century until the sixteenth century. Among the philosophical topics which receive particular attention are the distinction between essence and existence, the theory of universals, the concept of God as the necessary being and the theory of emanation. It is shown how authors such as Averroes, Abraham ibn Daud, Albertus Magnus, Thomas Aquinas and John Duns Scotus react to Avicenna’s metaphysical theories. The studies also address the philological and historical circumstances of the textual tradition in three different medieval cultures. The studies are written by a distinguished international team of contributors, who convened in 2008 to discuss their research in the Villa Vigoni, Italy.
Book Synopsis History of Universities by : Mordechai Feingold
Download or read book History of Universities written by Mordechai Feingold and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-10-20 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Volume XX/2 of History of Universities contains the customary mix of learned articles, book reviews, conference reports, and bibliographical information, which makes this publication such an indispensable tool for the historian of higher education. Its contributions range widelygeographically, chronologically, and in subject-matter. The volume is, as always, a lively combination of original research and invaluable reference material.
Book Synopsis The Elements of Avicennaʼs Physics by : Andreas Lammer
Download or read book The Elements of Avicennaʼs Physics written by Andreas Lammer and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the physical theory of the Islamic philosopher Avicenna (d. 1037). It seeks to understand his contribution against the developments within the preceding Greek and Arabic intellectual milieus, and to appreciate his philosophy as such by emphasising his independence as a critical and systematic thinker. Exploring Avicenna’s method of "teaching and learning," it investigates the implications of his account of the natural body as a three-dimensionally extended composite of matter and form, and examines his views on nature as a principle of motion and his analysis of its relation to soul. Moreover, it demonstrates how Avicenna defends the Aristotelian conception of place against the strident criticism of his predecessors, among other things, by disproving the existence of void and space. Finally, it sheds new light on Avicenna’s account of the essence and the existence of time. For the first time taking into account the entire range of Avicenna’s major writings, this study fills a gap in our understanding both of the history of natural philosophy in general and of the philosophy of Avicenna in particular. This monograph has been awarded the annual BRAIS – De Gruyter Prize (Kulturpreis Bayern) in the Study of Islam and the Muslim World and the Iran World Award for Book of the Year (2020).
Book Synopsis Jesuit Philosophy on the Eve of Modernity by : Cristiano Casalini
Download or read book Jesuit Philosophy on the Eve of Modernity written by Cristiano Casalini and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jesuit Philosophy on the Eve of Modernity, edited by Cristiano Casalini, is the first comprehensive volume to trace the origins and development of Jesuit philosophy during the first century of the Society of Jesus (1540–c.1640). Filling a gap in the history of philosophy, the volume seeks to identify and examine the limits of the “distinctiveness” of Jesuit philosophers during an age of dramatic turbulence in Western thought. The eighteen contributions by some of the leading specialists in various fields are divided into four sections, which guide the reader through cultural milieus, thematic issues, and intellectual biographies to show the impact of Jesuit philosophy on early modern thought.
Book Synopsis The Universities of the Italian Renaissance by : Paul F. Grendler
Download or read book The Universities of the Italian Renaissance written by Paul F. Grendler and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2004-09-29 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Howard R. Marraro Prize for Italian History from the American Historical AssociationSelected by Choice Magazine as an Outstanding Academic Title for 2003 Italian Renaissance universities were Europe's intellectual leaders in humanistic studies, law, medicine, philosophy, and science. Employing some of the foremost scholars of the time—including Pietro Pomponazzi, Andreas Vesalius, and Galileo Galilei—the Italian Renaissance university was the prototype of today's research university. This is the first book in any language to offer a comprehensive study of this most influential institution. In this magisterial study, noted scholar Paul F. Grendler offers a detailed and authoritative account of the universities of Renaissance Italy. Beginning with brief narratives of the origins and development of each university, Grendler explores such topics as the number of professors and their distribution by discipline, student enrollment (some estimates are the first attempted), famous faculty members, budget and salaries, and relations with civil authority. He discusses the timetable of lectures, student living, foreign students, the road to the doctorate, and the impact of the Counter Reformation. He shows in detail how humanism changed research and teaching, producing the medical Renaissance of anatomy and medical botany, new approaches to Aristotle, and mathematical innovation. Universities responded by creating new professorships and suppressing older ones. The book concludes with the decline of Italian universities, as internal abuses and external threats—including increased student violence and competition from religious schools—ended Italy's educational leadership in the seventeenth century.
Book Synopsis Galileo, the Jesuits, and the Medieval Aristotle by : William A. Wallace
Download or read book Galileo, the Jesuits, and the Medieval Aristotle written by William A. Wallace and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-28 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conventional opposition of scholastic Aristotelianism and humanistic science has been increasingly questioned in recent years, and in these articles William Wallace aims to demonstrate that a progressive Aristotelianism in fact provided the foundation for Galileo's scientific discoveries. The first series of articles supply much of the documentary evidence that has led the author to the sources for Galileo's early notebooks: they show how Galileo, while teaching or preparing to teach at Pisa, actually appropriated much of his material from Jesuit lectures given at the Collegio Romano in 1598-90. The next articles then trace a number of key elements in Galileo's later work, mainly relating to logical methodology and natural philosophy, back to sources in medieval Aristotelian thought, notably in the writings of Albert the Great and Thomas Aquinas. La mise en opposition conventionnelle entre l’aristotélisme scolastique et la science humaniste a été de plus en plus remise en question durant les dernières années. Tout au long de ces articles, William Wallace tente de démontrer que l’aristotélisme progressif a en fait pourvu le fondement des découvertes scientifiques de Galilée. Le premier groupe d’articles fournit la plupart des preuves documentées qui ont mené l’auteur aux sources des premiers cahiers de notes de Galilée; on y voit comment celui-ci, alors qu’il enseignait, ou s’apprêtait à enseigner à Pise, s’était en fait approprié quantité de donneés issues de cours magistraux jésuites qui avaient été donnés au Collegio Romano entre 1588 et 90. Les études suivantes retracent à leur tour un certain nombre d’elements-clef des travaux ultérieurs de Galilée, se rapportant plus particulièrement à la méthodologie logique et a la philosophie naturelle, jusqu’à leurs sources dans la pensée aristotélicienne du Moyen Age, notamment dans les écrits d’Albert le Grand et de Thomas d’Aquin.
Book Synopsis Academic Theories of Generation in the Renaissance by : Linda Deer Richardson
Download or read book Academic Theories of Generation in the Renaissance written by Linda Deer Richardson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with philosophically grounded theories of animal generation as found in two different traditions: one, deriving primarily from Aristotelian natural philosophy and specifically from his Generation of Animals; and another, deriving from two related medical traditions, the Hippocratic and the Galenic. The book contains a classification and critique of works that touch on the history of embryology and animal generation written before 1980. It also contains translations of key sections of the works on which it is focused. It looks at two different scholarly communities: the physicians (medici) and philosophers (philosophi), that share a set of textual resources and philosophical lineages, as well as a shared problem (explaining animal generation), but that nevertheless have different concerns and commitments. The book demonstrates how those working in these two traditions not only shared a common philosophical background in the arts curricula of the universities, but were in constant intercourse with each other. This book presents a test case of how scholarly communities differentiate themselves from each other through methods of argument, empirical investigation, and textual interpretations. It is all the more interesting because the two communities under investigation have so much in common and yet, in the end, are distinct in a number of important ways.
Book Synopsis Method and Order in Renaissance Philosophy of Nature by : Daniel A. Di Liscia
Download or read book Method and Order in Renaissance Philosophy of Nature written by Daniel A. Di Liscia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume results from a seminar sponsored by the ’Foundation for Intellectual History’ at the Herzog August Bibliothek, Wolfenbüttel, in 1992. Starting with the theory of regressus as displayed in its most developed form by William Wallace, these papers enter the vast field of the Renaissance discussion on method as such in its historical and systematical context. This is confined neither to the notion of method in the strict sense, nor to the Renaissance in its exact historical limits, nor yet to the Aristotelian tradition as a well defined philosophical school, but requires a new scholarly approach. Thus - besides Galileo, Zabarella and their circles, which are regarded as being crucial for the ’emergence of modern science’ in the end of the 16th century - the contributors deal with the ancient and medieval origins as well as with the early modern continuity of the Renaissance concepts of method and with ’non-regressive’ methodologies in the various approaches of Renaissance natural philosophy, including the Lutheran and Calvinist traditions.
Book Synopsis A Companion to the Philosophy of Robert Kilwardby by : Paul Thom
Download or read book A Companion to the Philosophy of Robert Kilwardby written by Paul Thom and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-11-05 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardinal and Archbishop of Canterbury Robert Kilwardby OP (c. 1215-1279) was a very important and influential thinker in his time, but he has not received the scholarly attention he deserves. In this book we present the first study of all of his philosophical works from logic and grammar to metaphysics and ethics. It contains a substantial introduction about Kilwardby's life and work as well as a comprehensive bibliography. The articles are all newly written by the foremost experts on Kilwardby today. The book should be of interest to any one studying medieval philosophy but foremost for scholars of thirteenth century philosophy. Contributors include Henrik Lagerlund, Paul Thom, Anthony Celano, Alessandro D. Conti, Amos Corbini, Silvia Donati, C.H. Kneepkens, Alfonso Maierù, José Filipe Silva and Cecilia Trifogli.
Book Synopsis The Arabic, Hebrew and Latin Reception of Avicenna's Physics and Cosmology by : Dag Nikolaus Hasse
Download or read book The Arabic, Hebrew and Latin Reception of Avicenna's Physics and Cosmology written by Dag Nikolaus Hasse and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) greatly influenced later medieval thinking about the earth and the cosmos, not only in his own civilization, but also in Hebrew and Latin cultures. The studies presented in this volume discuss the reception of prominent theories by Avicenna from the early 11th century onwards by thinkers like Averroes, Fahraddin ar-Razi, Samuel ibn Tibbon or Albertus Magnus. Among the topics which receive particular attention are the definition and existence of motion and time. Other important topics are covered too, such as Avicenna’s theories of vacuum, causality, elements, substantial change, minerals, floods and mountains. It emerges, among other things, that Avicenna inherited to the discussion an acute sense for the epistemological status of natural science and for the mental and concrete existence of its objects. The volume also addresses the philological and historical circumstances of the textual tradition and sheds light on the translators Dominicus Gundisalvi, Avendauth and Alfred of Sareshel in particular. The articles of this volume are presented by scholars who convened in 2013 to discuss their research on the influence of Avicenna’s physics and cosmology in the Villa Vigoni, Italy.
Download or read book The Classical Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Subject, Definition, Activity by : Tommaso Alpina
Download or read book Subject, Definition, Activity written by Tommaso Alpina and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers for the first time a comprehensive study of the reception and reworking of the Peripatetic theory of the soul in the Kitāb al-Nafs (Book of the Soul) by Avicenna (d. 1037). This study seeks to frame Avicenna’s science of the soul (or psychology) by focusing on three key concepts: subject, definition, and activity. The examination of these concepts will disclose the twofold consideration of the soul in Avicenna’s psychology. Besides the ‘general approach’ to the soul of sublunary living beings, which is the formal principle of the body, Avicenna’s psychology also exhibits a ‘specific orientation’ towards the soul in itself, i.e. the human rational soul that, considered in isolation from the body, is a self-subsistent substance, identical with the theoretical intellect and capable of surviving severance from the body. These two investigations demonstrate the coexistence in Avicenna’s psychology of a more specific and less physical science (psychologia specialis) within a more general and overall physical one (psychologia generalis).
