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Author : Cheryl Annette Olman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Natural Image Coding in Early Visual Areas written by Cheryl Annette Olman and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Aapo Hyvärinen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848824912
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)
Download or read book Natural Image Statistics written by Aapo Hyvärinen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aims and Scope This book is both an introductory textbook and a research monograph on modeling the statistical structure of natural images. In very simple terms, “natural images” are photographs of the typical environment where we live. In this book, their statistical structure is described using a number of statistical models whose parameters are estimated from image samples. Our main motivation for exploring natural image statistics is computational m- eling of biological visual systems. A theoretical framework which is gaining more and more support considers the properties of the visual system to be re?ections of the statistical structure of natural images because of evolutionary adaptation processes. Another motivation for natural image statistics research is in computer science and engineering, where it helps in development of better image processing and computer vision methods. While research on natural image statistics has been growing rapidly since the mid-1990s, no attempt has been made to cover the ?eld in a single book, providing a uni?ed view of the different models and approaches. This book attempts to do just that. Furthermore, our aim is to provide an accessible introduction to the ?eld for students in related disciplines.
Author : Sepide Movaghati
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (948 download)
Download or read book Spatiotemporal Responses to Natural Images and Their Phase-shuffled Version in the Primary Visual Cortex written by Sepide Movaghati and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "According to classical models of visual information processing, the visual cortex acts as a hierarchical structure in which information flow is unidirectional and transmitted from the primary visual cortex (V1) to higher visual areas. This model considers V1 as an inflexible processing unit, which filters local basic features of visual input, such as the spatial frequency and orientation of the changes in luminance. Contrary to this classical model, recent studies have reported variant activity in V1 based on the presence of higher-order features within visual inputs. In other words, specific characteristics, such as phase content or spatial coherence, potentially modulate the activity of V1. However, the explicit characteristics and the precise timing of their modulatory effect remain unclear. In this study, MagnetoEncephaloGraphy (MEG) was used to test whether the spatiotemporal response to natural images of animals is different from the response to their phase-shuffled counterparts. The frequency content and the total contrast of the images were maintained throughout the phase-scrambling approach. Meanwhile, higher-order image statistics, such as Kurtosis, were manipulated. We investigated the effect of this manipulation on the evoked response of V1 by taking advantage of (1) the high temporal resolution of the MEG technique and (2) the Minimum norm source localization method. The results of this thesis show that the modulation of activity associated with the presentation of natural images appears as early as 50ms post-stimulation. This effect can be observed in the power of the signals recorded by MEG sensors as well as in sources localized in the primary visual cortex. The phase scrambling of visual input increased the amplitude of the early response (30-70ms post-stimulation) and the M170 component (140-200ms post-stimulation). The weaker population response to natural images during the early response is consistent with a model proposing sparse neuronal coding for natural images. The increased M170 activation of V1 to non-natural phase-scrambled images is consistent with the predictive coding model. According to this model, the prediction error in lower order sensory areas increases with decreasing predictability of the sensory input. An increase in the power of gamma frequency (60-80Hz) was observed in response to phase-scrambled images. These findings are in accordance with a previous study that found prediction errors in auditory cortex to be predominantly conveyed via the high (gamma) frequency range. In addition, spatially coherent features in visual input induce a stronger surround suppression effect and reduce the population activity in V1. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying the late modulatory effect on the M170 component may also involve surround suppression in the visual cortex. Our findings suggest that feedback modulates the neuronal response of the primary visual cortex. Further, they identify V1 as a dynamic filter that can be modulated by the higher-order characteristics of visual input, as opposed to previous models that deem V1 to be an inflexible low-level processing unit." --
Author : Donald T. Stuss
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198030835
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)
Download or read book Principles of Frontal Lobe Function written by Donald T. Stuss and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-06-27 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive review of historical and current research on the function of the frontal lobes and frontal systems of the brain. The content spans frontal lobe functions from birth to old age, from biochemistry and anatomy to rehabilitation, and from normal to disrupted function. The book is intended to be a standard reference work on the frontal lobes for researchers, clinicians, and students in the field of neurology, neuroscience, psychiatry, psychology, and health care.
Author : Vicki Bruce
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136917144
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)
Download or read book Visual Perception written by Vicki Bruce and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensively updated and expanded revision of the successful second edition continues to provide detailed coverage of the ever-growing range of research topics in vision. In Part I, the treatment of visual physiology has been extensively revised with an updated account of retinal processing, a new section explaining the principles of spatial and temporal filtering which underlie discussions in later chapters, and an up-to-date account of the primate visual pathway. Part II contains four largely new chapters which cover recent psychophysical evidence and computational model of early vision: edge detection, perceptual grouping, depth perception, and motion perception. The models discussed are extensively integrated with physiological evidence. All other chapters in Parts II, III, and IV have also been thoroughly updated.
Author : Ryan James Prenger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Encoding and Decoding of Natural Images by the Mid-level Visual System written by Ryan James Prenger and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Eytan Domany
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461207231
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book Models of Neural Networks III written by Eytan Domany and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most challenging and fascinating problems of the theory of neural nets is that of asymptotic behavior, of how a system behaves as time proceeds. This is of particular relevance to many practical applications. Here we focus on association, generalization, and representation. We turn to the last topic first. The introductory chapter, "Global Analysis of Recurrent Neural Net works," by Andreas Herz presents an in-depth analysis of how to construct a Lyapunov function for various types of dynamics and neural coding. It includes a review of the recent work with John Hopfield on integrate-and fire neurons with local interactions. The chapter, "Receptive Fields and Maps in the Visual Cortex: Models of Ocular Dominance and Orientation Columns" by Ken Miller, explains how the primary visual cortex may asymptotically gain its specific structure through a self-organization process based on Hebbian learning. His argu ment since has been shown to be rather susceptible to generalization.
Author : Nikolaus Kriegeskorte
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262016249
Total Pages : 659 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Visual Population Codes written by Nikolaus Kriegeskorte and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How visual content is represented in neuronal population codes and how to analyze such codes with multivariate techniques. Vision is a massively parallel computational process, in which the retinal image is transformed over a sequence of stages so as to emphasize behaviorally relevant information (such as object category and identity) and deemphasize other information (such as viewpoint and lighting). The processes behind vision operate by concurrent computation and message passing among neurons within a visual area and between different areas. The theoretical concept of "population code" encapsulates the idea that visual content is represented at each stage by the pattern of activity across the local population of neurons. Understanding visual population codes ultimately requires multichannel measurement and multivariate analysis of activity patterns. Over the past decade, the multivariate approach has gained significant momentum in vision research. Functional imaging and cell recording measure brain activity in fundamentally different ways, but they now use similar theoretical concepts and mathematical tools in their modeling and analyses. With a focus on the ventral processing stream thought to underlie object recognition, this book presents recent advances in our understanding of visual population codes, novel multivariate pattern-information analysis techniques, and the beginnings of a unified perspective for cell recording and functional imaging. It serves as an introduction, overview, and reference for scientists and students across disciplines who are interested in human and primate vision and, more generally, in understanding how the brain represents and processes information.
Author : Ruth Kimchi
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135647240
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Perceptual Organization in Vision written by Ruth Kimchi and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003-09-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of ideas emanating from behavioural, developmental, neurophysiological, neuropsychological and computational approaches to the problem of visual perceptual organization. It is based on papers presented at the 31st Carnegie Symposium on Cognition, held in June 2000.
Author : Rodrigo Quian Quiroga
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439853304
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Principles of Neural Coding written by Rodrigo Quian Quiroga and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-06 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how populations of neurons encode information is the challenge faced by researchers in the field of neural coding. Focusing on the many mysteries and marvels of the mind has prompted a prominent team of experts in the field to put their heads together and fire up a book on the subject. Simply titled Principles of Neural Coding, this book covers the complexities of this discipline. It centers on some of the major developments in this area and presents a complete assessment of how neurons in the brain encode information. The book collaborators contribute various chapters that describe results in different systems (visual, auditory, somatosensory perception, etc.) and different species (monkeys, rats, humans, etc). Concentrating on the recording and analysis of the firing of single and multiple neurons, and the analysis and recording of other integrative measures of network activity and network states—such as local field potentials or current source densities—is the basis of the introductory chapters. Provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach Describes topics of interest to a wide range of researchers The book then moves forward with the description of the principles of neural coding for different functions and in different species and concludes with theoretical and modeling works describing how information processing functions are implemented. The text not only contains the most important experimental findings, but gives an overview of the main methodological aspects for studying neural coding. In addition, the book describes alternative approaches based on simulations with neural networks and in silico modeling in this highly interdisciplinary topic. It can serve as an important reference to students and professionals.
Author : Vincenzo Crunelli
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889198421
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay written by Vincenzo Crunelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.
Author : Werner Backhaus
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981024164X
Total Pages : 663 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Neuronal Coding of Perceptual Systems written by Werner Backhaus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuronal coding of information coming from external and internal environments and transducted by sensory receptors constitutes a basic biophysical problem. After the coding phase, such information orients organism responses, shaping complex behavioural patterns. The characteristics of both neurons (interneurons with re-entering connections, latency times, filter bandwidth with respect to input signals, logic operations on multiple convergent signals) and neuron nets (reverberating nets, feedback/feed-forward connections, oscillations due to endogenous activity patterns) are important for coding mechanisms. Neuronal coding is implied also in the higher phases of information processing linked to consciousness, when neuronal activity patterns are related to perceptual mental representations.
Author : Anders Heyden
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540479694
Total Pages : 837 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Computer Vision - ECCV 2002 written by Anders Heyden and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Premiering in 1990 in Antibes, France, the European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV, has been held biennially at venues all around Europe. These conferences have been very successful, making ECCV a major event to the computer vision community. ECCV 2002 was the seventh in the series. The privilege of organizing it was shared by three universities: The IT University of Copenhagen, the University of Copenhagen, and Lund University, with the conference venue in Copenhagen. These universities lie ̈ geographically close in the vivid Oresund region, which lies partly in Denmark and partly in Sweden, with the newly built bridge (opened summer 2000) crossing the sound that formerly divided the countries. We are very happy to report that this year’s conference attracted more papers than ever before, with around 600 submissions. Still, together with the conference board, we decided to keep the tradition of holding ECCV as a single track conference. Each paper was anonymously refereed by three different reviewers. For the ?nal selection, for the ?rst time for ECCV, a system with area chairs was used. These met with the program chairsinLundfortwodaysinFebruary2002toselectwhatbecame45oralpresentations and 181 posters.Also at this meeting the selection was made without knowledge of the authors’identity.
Author : Usrey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197676154
Total Pages : 817 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)
Download or read book The Cerebral Cortex and Thalamus written by Usrey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is an attempt to cover two gaps in our appreciation of the critical interplay between thalamus and cortex . One is that the tendency in covering these subjects is to treat each in isolation, which overlooks the point that a key to understanding their function is appreciating their essential partnership and interdependence for sensation, action, and cognition"--
Author : E. Bruce Goldstein
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412940818
Total Pages : 1281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Perception written by E. Bruce Goldstein and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the ease with which we perceive, many people see perception as something that "just happens." However, even seemingly simple perceptual experiences involve complex underlying mechanisms, which are often hidden from our conscious experience. These mechanisms are being investigated by researchers and theorists in fields such as psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, computer science, and philosophy. A few examples of the questions posed by these investigations are, What do infants perceive? How does perception develop? What do perceptual disorders reveal about normal functioning? How can information from one sense, such as hearing, be affected by information from another sense, such as vision? How is the information from all of our senses combined to result in our perception of a coherent environment? What are some practical outcomes of basic research in perception? These are just a few of the questions this encyclopedia will consider, as it presents a comprehensive overview of the field of perception for students, researchers, and professionals in psychology, the cognitive sciences, neuroscience, and related medical disciplines such as neurology and ophthalmology.
Author : Jose Maria Giron-Sierra
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811025401
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Digital Signal Processing with Matlab Examples, Volume 3 written by Jose Maria Giron-Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the third volume in a trilogy on modern Signal Processing. The three books provide a concise exposition of signal processing topics, and a guide to support individual practical exploration based on MATLAB programs. This book includes MATLAB codes to illustrate each of the main steps of the theory, offering a self-contained guide suitable for independent study. The code is embedded in the text, helping readers to put into practice the ideas and methods discussed. The book primarily focuses on filter banks, wavelets, and images. While the Fourier transform is adequate for periodic signals, wavelets are more suitable for other cases, such as short-duration signals: bursts, spikes, tweets, lung sounds, etc. Both Fourier and wavelet transforms decompose signals into components. Further, both are also invertible, so the original signals can be recovered from their components. Compressed sensing has emerged as a promising idea. One of the intended applications is networked devices or sensors, which are now becoming a reality; accordingly, this topic is also addressed. A selection of experiments that demonstrate image denoising applications are also included. In the interest of reader-friendliness, the longer programs have been grouped in an appendix; further, a second appendix on optimization has been added to supplement the content of the last chapter.
Author : Johannes M. Zanker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642565506
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)
Download or read book Motion Vision written by Johannes M. Zanker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In six parts, this book considers the extent to which computational, neural, and ecological constraints have shaped the mechanisms underlying motion vision: - Early Motion Vision - Motion Signals for Local and Global Analysis - Optical Flow Patterns - Motion Vision in Action - Neural Coding of Motion - Motion in Natural Environments Each topic is introduced by a keynote chapter which is accompanied by several companion articles. Written by an international group of experts in neurobiology, psychophysics, animal behaviour, machine vision, and robotics, the book is designed to explore as comprehensively as possible the present state of knowledge concerning the principal factors that have guided the evolution of motion vision.
