Nanoelectromechanical Relays For Low Power Applications

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Nanoelectromechanical Relays for Low Power Applications

Author : Roozbeh Parsa
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoelectromechanical Relays for Low Power Applications by : Roozbeh Parsa

Download or read book Nanoelectromechanical Relays for Low Power Applications written by Roozbeh Parsa and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CMOS scaling has been very successful in generating small, fast, low cost electronics. However, in advanced CMOS nodes, the total power consumption is dominated by the static power dissipation, which is caused greatly by gate leakage, short channel effects, and finite subthreshold slope. Further scaling of CMOS only exacerbates these problems. Nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relays are promising devices for assisting CMOS systems by reducing the static power dissipation due to their zero leakage current, infinite subthreshold slope, and scalable actuation voltage. Electrostatically-actuated NEM relays are devices where the operation is based on the deformation of a flexible beam under the influence of electrostatic force in order to create a conducting path between two electrodes. This work studies the fabrication process development of sidewall-coated laterally-actuated NEM relays. The developed process enables decoupling of the mechanical and electrical properties of the relay, allowing independent optimization of each property and paving the path for creating a back-end-of-line (BEOL) compatible process. Furthermore, a major failure mechanism of NEM relays is beam-to-gate shorting after actuation. To ameliorate this problem, new designs with improved mechanical properties were simulated and tested. These designs utilize a stiff electrode and a compliant beam to eliminate undesired beam deformation near the gate electrode. These results in addition to variation studies, stress outcomes, and basic logic functionality of the NEM relays are shown.

Nano Devices and Circuit Techniques for Low-Energy Applications and Energy Harvesting

Author : Chong-Min Kyung
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401799903
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Nano Devices and Circuit Techniques for Low-Energy Applications and Energy Harvesting by : Chong-Min Kyung

Download or read book Nano Devices and Circuit Techniques for Low-Energy Applications and Energy Harvesting written by Chong-Min Kyung and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the development of core technologies to address two of the most challenging issues in research for future IT platform development, namely innovative device design and reduction of energy consumption. Three key devices, the FinFET, the TunnelFET, and the electromechanical nanoswitch are described with extensive details of use for practical applications. Energy issues are also covered in a tutorial fashion from material physics, through device technology, to innovative circuit design. The strength of this book lies in its holistic approach dealing with material trends, state-of-the-art of key devices, new examples of circuits and systems applications. This is the first of three books based on the Integrated Smart Sensors research project, which describe the development of innovative devices, circuits, and system-level enabling technologies. The aim of the project was to develop common platforms on which various devices and sensors can be loaded, and to create systems offering significant improvements in information processing speed, energy usage, and size. The book contains extensive reference lists and with over 200 figures introduces the reader to the general subject in a tutorial style, also addressing the state-of-the-art, allowing it to be used as a guide for starting researchers in these fields.

Micro-Relay Technology for Energy-Efficient Integrated Circuits

Author : Hei Kam
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493921282
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Micro-Relay Technology for Energy-Efficient Integrated Circuits by : Hei Kam

Download or read book Micro-Relay Technology for Energy-Efficient Integrated Circuits written by Hei Kam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the design of relay-based circuit systems from device fabrication to circuit micro-architectures. This book is ideal for both device engineers as well as circuit system designers, and highlights the importance of co-design across design hierarchies when trying to optimize system performance (in this case, energy-efficiency). The book will also appeal to researchers and engineers focused on semiconductor, integrated circuits, and energy efficient electronics.

Beyond-CMOS Nanodevices 2

Author : Francis Balestra
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118985117
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond-CMOS Nanodevices 2 by : Francis Balestra

Download or read book Beyond-CMOS Nanodevices 2 written by Francis Balestra and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in innovative Beyond-CMOS nanodevices for developing novel functionalities, logic and memories dedicated to researchers, engineers and students. The book will particularly focus on the interest of nanostructures and nanodevices (nanowires, small slope switches, 2D layers, nanostructured materials, etc.) for advanced More than Moore (RF-nanosensors-energy harvesters, on-chip electronic cooling, etc.) and Beyond-CMOS logic and memories applications.

VLSI

Author : Tomasz Wojcicki
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466599103
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis VLSI by : Tomasz Wojcicki

Download or read book VLSI written by Tomasz Wojcicki and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently the world celebrated the 60th anniversary of the invention of the first transistor. The first integrated circuit (IC) was built a decade later, with the first microprocessor designed in the early 1970s. Today, ICs are a part of nearly every aspect of our daily lives. They help us live longer and more comfortably, and do more, faster. All this is possible because of the relentless search for new materials, circuit designs, and ideas happening on a daily basis at industrial and academic institutions around the globe. Showcasing the latest advances in very-large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits, VLSI: Circuits for Emerging Applications provides a balanced view of industrial and academic developments beyond silicon and complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. From quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) to chips for cochlear implants, this must-have resource: Investigates the trend of combining multiple cores in a single chip to boost performance of the overall system Describes a novel approach to enable physically unclonable functions (PUFs) using intrinsic features of a VLSI chip Examines the VLSI implementations of major symmetric and asymmetric key cryptographic algorithms, hash functions, and digital signatures Discusses nonvolatile memories such as resistive random-access memory (Re-RAM), magneto-resistive RAM (MRAM), and floating-body RAM (FB-RAM) Explores organic transistors, soft errors, photonics, nanoelectromechanical (NEM) relays, reversible computation, bioinformatics, asynchronous logic, and more VLSI: Circuits for Emerging Applications presents cutting-edge research, design architectures, materials, and uses for VLSI circuits, offering valuable insight into the current state of the art of micro- and nanoelectronics.

Tunneling Field Effect Transistor Technology

Author : Lining Zhang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319316532
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Tunneling Field Effect Transistor Technology by : Lining Zhang

Download or read book Tunneling Field Effect Transistor Technology written by Lining Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-09 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a single-source reference to the state-of-the art in tunneling field effect transistors (TFETs). Readers will learn the TFETs physics from advanced atomistic simulations, the TFETs fabrication process and the important roles that TFETs will play in enabling integrated circuit designs for power efficiency.

Development of CMOS-MEMS/NEMS Devices

Author : Jaume Verd
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039210688
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of CMOS-MEMS/NEMS Devices by : Jaume Verd

Download or read book Development of CMOS-MEMS/NEMS Devices written by Jaume Verd and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro and nano-electro-mechanical system (M/NEMS) devices constitute key technological building blocks to enable increased additional functionalities within Integrated Circuits (ICs) in the More-Than-Moore era, as described in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. The CMOS ICs and M/NEMS dies can be combined in the same package (SiP), or integrated within a single chip (SoC). In the SoC approach the M/NEMS devices are monolithically integrated together with CMOS circuitry allowing the development of compact and low-cost CMOS-M/NEMS devices for multiple applications (physical sensors, chemical sensors, biosensors, actuators, energy actuators, filters, mechanical relays, and others). On-chip CMOS electronics integration can overcome limitations related to the extremely low-level signals in sub-micrometer and nanometer scale electromechanical transducers enabling novel breakthrough applications. This Special Issue aims to gather high quality research contributions dealing with MEMS and NEMS devices monolithically integrated with CMOS, independently of the final application and fabrication approach adopted (MEMS-first, interleaved MEMS, MEMS-last or others).]

Emerging Devices for Low-Power and High-Performance Nanosystems

Author : Simon Deleonibus
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429858612
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Devices for Low-Power and High-Performance Nanosystems by : Simon Deleonibus

Download or read book Emerging Devices for Low-Power and High-Performance Nanosystems written by Simon Deleonibus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of information and communications technologies (ICT) has been paved by both evolutive paths and challenging alternatives, so-called emerging devices and architectures. Their introduction poses the issues of state variable definition, information processing, and process integration in 2D, above IC, and in 3D. This book reviews the capabilities of integrated nanosystems to match low power and high performance either by hybrid and heterogeneous CMOS in 2D/3D or by emerging devices for alternative sensing, actuating, data storage, and processing. The choice of future ICTs will need to take into account not only their energy efficiency but also their sustainability in the global ecosystem.

Microelectronics to Nanoelectronics

Author : Anupama B. Kaul
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466509554
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Microelectronics to Nanoelectronics by : Anupama B. Kaul

Download or read book Microelectronics to Nanoelectronics written by Anupama B. Kaul and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composed of contributions from top experts, Microelectronics to Nanoelectronics: Materials, Devices and Manufacturability offers a detailed overview of important recent scientific and technological developments in the rapidly evolving nanoelectronics arena. Under the editorial guidance and technical expertise of noted materials scientist Anupama B. Kaul of California Institute of Technology’s Jet Propulsion Lab, this book captures the ascent of microelectronics into the nanoscale realm. It addresses a wide variety of important scientific and technological issues in nanoelectronics research and development. The book also showcases some key application areas of micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) that have reached the commercial realm. Capitalizing on Dr. Kaul’s considerable technical experience with micro- and nanotechnologies and her extensive research in prestigious academic and industrial labs, the book offers a fresh perspective on application-driven research in micro- and nanoelectronics, including MEMS. Chapters explore how rapid developments in this area are transitioning from the lab to the market, where new and exciting materials, devices, and manufacturing technologies are revolutionizing the electronics industry. Although many micro- and nanotechnologies still face major scientific and technological challenges and remain within the realm of academic research labs, rapid advances in this area have led to the recent emergence of new applications and markets. This handbook encapsulates that exciting recent progress by providing high-quality content contributed by international experts from academia, leading industrial institutions—such as Hewlett-Packard—and government laboratories including the U.S. Department of Energy’s Sandia National Laboratory. Offering something for everyone, from students to scientists to entrepreneurs, this book showcases the broad spectrum of cutting-edge technologies that show significant promise for electronics and related applications in which nanotechnology plays a key role.

ICT - Energy Concepts for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability

Author : Giorgos Fagas
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535130110
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis ICT - Energy Concepts for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability by : Giorgos Fagas

Download or read book ICT - Energy Concepts for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability written by Giorgos Fagas and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a previous volume (ICT-Energy-Concepts Towards Zero-Power ICT; referenced below as Vol. 1), we addressed some of the fundamentals related to bridging the gap between the amount of energy required to operate portable/mobile ICT systems and the amount of energy available from ambient sources. The only viable solution appears to be to attack the gap from both sides, i.e. to reduce the amount of energy dissipated during computation and to improve the efficiency in energy-harvesting technologies. In this book, we build on those concepts and continue the discussion on energy efficiency and sustainability by addressing the minimisation of energy consumption at different levels across the ICT system stack, from hardware to software, as well as discussing energy consumption issues in high-performance computing (HPC), data centres and communication in sensor networks. This book was realised thanks to the contribution of the project ‘Coordinating Research Efforts of the ICT-Energy Community’ funded from the European Union under the Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) area of the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (grant agreement n. 611004).

Low-Power Variation-Tolerant Design in Nanometer Silicon

Author : Swarup Bhunia
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441974180
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Low-Power Variation-Tolerant Design in Nanometer Silicon by : Swarup Bhunia

Download or read book Low-Power Variation-Tolerant Design in Nanometer Silicon written by Swarup Bhunia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-10 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design considerations for low-power operations and robustness with respect to variations typically impose contradictory requirements. Low-power design techniques such as voltage scaling, dual-threshold assignment and gate sizing can have large negative impact on parametric yield under process variations. This book focuses on circuit/architectural design techniques for achieving low power operation under parameter variations. We consider both logic and memory design aspects and cover modeling and analysis, as well as design methodology to achieve simultaneously low power and variation tolerance, while minimizing design overhead. This book will discuss current industrial practices and emerging challenges at future technology nodes.

CMOS and Beyond

Author : Tsu-Jae King Liu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107043182
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis CMOS and Beyond by : Tsu-Jae King Liu

Download or read book CMOS and Beyond written by Tsu-Jae King Liu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get up to speed with the future of logic switch design with this indispensable introduction to post-CMOS technologies.

Nonregular Nanosystems

Author : Yuri Shunin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319691678
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonregular Nanosystems by : Yuri Shunin

Download or read book Nonregular Nanosystems written by Yuri Shunin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a systemic view of nanophenomena in terms of disordered condensed media with characteristics arising at various hierarchical levels from nanoagents/nanoparticles through multiple technological interfaces to the creation of micro- or mesostructures with essential nanodimensional effects. These properties can be seen in various schemes for the functionalization of nanocarbon systems, namely, CNTs, GNRs, GNFs, carbon-based nanoaerogels, nanofoams, and so on, where nonregularities characterize surface nanointeractions and various nanointerconnects, resulting in both predictable and unpredictable effects. Beginning with nanosensing and finishing with other forms of functionalized nanomaterials, these effects will define the prospective qualities of future consumer nanoproducts and nanodevices. This book covers all aspects of nonregular nanosystems arising from the fundamental properties of disordered nanosized media, from electronic structure, surface nanophysics, and allotropic forms of carbon such as graphene and fullerenes including defect characterization, to spintronics and 3D device principles. Nonregular Nanosystems will be of interest to students and specialists in various fields of nanotechnology and nanoscience, experts on surface nanophysics and nanochemistry, as well as managers dealing with marketing of nanoproducts and consumer behavior research.

Modeling of III-V Nanoscale Field-effect Transistors for Logic Circuits

Author : Saeroonter Oh
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling of III-V Nanoscale Field-effect Transistors for Logic Circuits by : Saeroonter Oh

Download or read book Modeling of III-V Nanoscale Field-effect Transistors for Logic Circuits written by Saeroonter Oh and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2010 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As silicon CMOS technology continues to scale down its minimum critical dimension, it becomes increasingly difficult to enhance device switching speed due to fundamental limitations. Innovations in device structure and materials are pursued to accommodate improvement in performance as well as reduction in transistor size. For beyond-22-nm CMOS technology, III-V channel FETs are considered as a compelling candidate for extending the device scaling limit of low-power and high-speed operation, owing to their superb carrier transport properties and recent experimental advancements. In this thesis, device simulation, compact modeling, circuit design, circuit performance assessment and estimation of III-V logic transistors are carried out to study key considerations such as device pitch, parasitics, and the importance of PMOS for circuit-level performance. To effectively connect device characteristics with circuit design, a physics-based compact model for digital logic is constructed. The model encompasses effects such as field-confined and spatially-confined trapezoidal quantum well sub-band energies, gate leakage tunneling current and parasitic capacitance. The developed compact model contains only three fitting parameters and is verified by experiment and circuit simulations. The compact model enables other bodies of work for the purpose of circuit-level design and performance estimation. To demonstrate the capability of the model in a circuit environment we apply the compact model to composite circuits such as FO4 inverter chains and SRAM cache to evaluate and project performance and power trends for beyond-22-nm technology.

Rapid Melt Growth of Silicon Germanium for Heterogeneous Integration on Silicon

Author : Hwei Yin Serene Koh
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Rapid Melt Growth of Silicon Germanium for Heterogeneous Integration on Silicon by : Hwei Yin Serene Koh

Download or read book Rapid Melt Growth of Silicon Germanium for Heterogeneous Integration on Silicon written by Hwei Yin Serene Koh and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon has made modern integrated circuit technology possible. As MOSFET gate lengths are scaled to 22nm and beyond, it has become apparent that new materials must be introduced to the silicon-based CMOS process for improved performance and functionality. This dissertation begins with a review of the MOSFET leakage current problem and presents one potential solution: Band-to-Band Tunneling (BTBT) transistors, which have the potential for steeper subthreshold slopes because they do not have the fundamental 'kT/q' limit in the rate at which conventional MOSFETs can be turned on or off. It is clear that these devices must be fabricated in materials with smaller bandgaps for improved performance. Silicon Germanium (SiGe) is one possible material system that could be used to fabricate enhanced BTBT transistors. Rapid Melt Growth (RMG) is a technique that has been used to recrystallize materials on Si substrates. RMG, however, has not previously been applied to SiGe, a binary alloy with large separation in the liquidus-solidus curve in its phase diagram. The development of process and experimental results for obtaining SiGe-on-insulator (SGOI) from bulk Si substrates through RMG are presented. The theory of RMG is analyzed and compositional profiles obtained during RMG of SiGe are modeled to understand why we were able to obtain high quality lateral compositionally graded SGOI substrates. The success of RMG SiGe suggests that the RMG technique can also be applied to III-V ternary and quaternary compounds with similar pseudo-binary phase diagrams. This opens up a wide range of material possibilities with the potential for novel applications in heterogeneous integration and 3-D device technology.

Reversible Computation

Author : Jean Krivine
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319208608
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Reversible Computation by : Jean Krivine

Download or read book Reversible Computation written by Jean Krivine and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Reversible Computation, RC 2015, held in Grenoble, France in July 2015. The 19 papers presented together with 1 invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. The Conference on Reversible Computation particularly includes the following topics: reversible machines, reversible languages, design and verification of quantum circuits, design of reversible circuits and circuit synthesis.

Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors

Author : Young Suh Song
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000933326
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors by : Young Suh Song

Download or read book Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors written by Young Suh Song and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide information in the ever-growing field of low-power electronic devices and their applications in portable devices, wireless communication, sensor, and circuit domains. Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors: Physics, Design, Modeling and Applications discusses low-power semiconductor technology and addresses state-of-the-art techniques such as negative capacitance field effect transistors and tunnel field effect transistors. The book is split into three parts. The first part discusses the foundations of low-power electronics, including the challenges and demands and concepts such as subthreshold swing. The second part discusses the basic operations of negative capacitance field effect transistors (NCFETs) and tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs). The third part covers industrial applications including cryogenics and biosensors with NC-FET. This book is designed to be a one-stop guide for students and academic researchers, to understand recent trends in the IT industry and semiconductor industry. It will also be of interest to researchers in the field of nanodevices such as NC-FET, FinFET, tunnel FET, and device–circuit codesign.