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Author : Vandana Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303168138X
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Nanobiostimulants written by Vandana Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Youssef Rouphael
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036500286
Total Pages : 708 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Toward a Sustainable Agriculture Through Plant Biostimulants written by Youssef Rouphael and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, interest in plant biostimulants has been on the rise, compelled by the growing interest of researchers, extension specialists, private industries, and farmers in integrating these products in the array of environmentally friendly tools to secure improved crop performance, nutrient efficiency, product quality, and yield stability. Plant biostimulants include diverse organic and inorganic substances, natural compounds, and/or beneficial microorganisms such as humic acids, protein hydrolysates, seaweed and plant extracts, silicon, endophytic fungi like mycorrhizal fungi, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria belonging to the genera Azospirillum, Azotobacter, and Rhizobium. Other substances (e.g., chitosan and other biopolymers and inorganic compounds) can have biostimulant properties, but their classification within the group of biostimulants is still under consideration. Plant biostimulants are usually applied to high-value crops, mainly greenhouse crops, fruit trees and vines, open-field crops, flowers, and ornamentals to sustainably increase yield and product quality. The global biostimulant market is currently estimated at about $2.0 billion and is expected to reach $3.0 billion by 2021 at an annual growth rate of 13%. A growing interest in plant biostimulants from industries and scientists was demonstrated by the high number of published peer-reviewed articles, conferences, workshops, and symposia in the past ten years. This book compiles several original research articles, technology reports, methods, opinions, perspectives, and invited reviews and mini reviews dissecting the biostimulatory action of these natural compounds and substances and beneficial microorganisms on crops grown under optimal and suboptimal growing conditions (e.g., salinity, drought, nutrient deficiency and toxicity, heavy metal contaminations, waterlogging, and adverse soil pH conditions). Also included are contributions dealing with the effect as well as the molecular and physiological mechanisms of plant biostimulants on nutrient efficiency, product quality, and modulation of the microbial population both quantitatively and qualitatively. In addition, identification and understanding of the optimal method, time, rate of application and phenological stage for improving plant performance and resilience to stress as well as the best combinations of plant species/cultivar × environment × management practices are also reported. We strongly believe that high standard reflected in this compilation on the principles and practices of plant biostimulants will foster knowledge transfer among scientific communities, industries, and agronomists, and will enable a better understanding of the mode of action and application procedures of biostimulants in different cropping systems.
Author : Seyed Mahyar Mirmajlessi
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838801618
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)
Download or read book Biostimulants in Plant Science written by Seyed Mahyar Mirmajlessi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-08 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural-based substances, ‘plant biostimulants’, have been considered as environmentally friendly alternatives to agrichemicals. Biostimulants may comprise microbial inoculants, humic acids, fulvic acids, seaweed extracts, etc. These biostimulants have biopesticide and biostimulant utilities. Elucidations on direct or microbially mediated functions of biostimulants are presented in this book to illustrate fundamental principles and recent applications underlying this technology. This book has encompassed a cross-section of topics on different concepts to describe effective strategies by using these substances and/or beneficial microorganisms within sustainable agroecosystems. I sincerely hope that the information provided adequately reflects the objectives of this compilation. “One of the first conditions of happiness is that the link between man and nature shall not be broken.” Leo Tolstoy
Author : Azamal Husen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443158851
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (431 download)
Download or read book Biostimulants in Plant Protection and Performance written by Azamal Husen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-16 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biostimulants (a diverse class of compounds including substances or microorganisms) are helpful in sustainable plants growth and development. They accelerate plant growth, yield, and chemical composition even under unfavorable conditions. The main biostimulants are nitrogen-containing compounds, humic materials, some specific compounds released by microbes, plants, and animals, various seaweed extracts, bio-based nanomaterials, phosphite, silicon, and so on. Additionally, new generation products and bioproducts are being developed for sustainable plant growth and protection. Some research works in the area of biotechnology and nanobiotechnology have shown improved sustainable plant growth and production. The protective roles of biostimulants are varied depends on the compound and plant species. Exposure of biostimulants have shown accelerated plants growth and developmental processes for instance, manage stomatal conductance and rate of transpiration, and increase rate of photosynthesis etc. They also increased crop plants immune systems against the adverse situation. Thus, use of innovations of new generation biostimulants also enhance plant production systems, through a significant reduction of synthetic chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers. Moreover, bioinoculants commercial products obtained from seaweed extract, humic acids, amino acids, fulvic acids, and some microbial inoculants have shown their potential role in adventitious root induction in plants. Microbial inoculants or microbial-based biostimulants, as a promising and eco-friendly technology, can be widely used to address environmental concerns and fulfill the need for developing sustainable or modern agriculture practices. They have great potential to elicit plant tolerance to various climate change-related stresses and thus enhance plant growth and overall performance-related features. However, for successful implementation biostimulants-based agriculture in the field under changing climate conditions, an understanding of plant functions and biostimulants interaction or action mechanisms coping with various abiotic as well as biotic stresses at the physicochemical, metabolic, and molecular levels is required. Mycorrhizae are beneficial fungi that form symbiotic associations with plants and aid in plant development, disease resistance, and soil health is well established. Similarly, phyllospheric microbiome are known to possess different plant growth promotion attributes like nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, biocontrol activity, and increase plant resistance towards abiotic stresses. The plant growth promotion traits possessed by these phyllospheric microbiota can be judiciously harbored for phyllospheric and rhizospheric engineering. The engineered phyllospheric and rhizospheric microbiome can increase the plant growth and productivity, thereby, can act as a driving force for increasing the agricultural production in a sustainable manner. Taken together, this book aims to contribute to the recent understanding associated with the various role and application of biostimulants on different plant for their sustainable growth and management. - Discusses our current understanding of, and advances in, biostimulants, along with their application in plants growth performance and overall management - Explores new techniques, new generation products, and bioproducts - Highlights the role of seaweed extract, humic acids, protein hydrolysates, amino acids, melatonin, paramylon, fulvic acids, microbial inoculants (phyllospheric and rhizospheric), and more
Author : Avinash P. Ingle
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119745853
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection written by Avinash P. Ingle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the role of nanotechnology in promoting plant growth and protection through the management of microbial pathogens In Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection, distinguished researcher and author Dr. Avinash P. Ingle delivers a rigorous and insightful collection of some of the latest developments in nanotechnology particularly related to plant growth promotion and protection. The book focuses broadly on the role played by nanotechnology in growth promotion of plants and their protection through the management of different microbial pathogens. You’ll learn about a wide variety of topics, including the role of nanomaterials in sustainable agriculture, how nano-fertilizers behave as soil feed, and the dual role of nanoparticles in plant growth promotion and phytopathogen management. You’ll also discover why nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the current agricultural landscape through the development of nano-based products, like plant growth promoters, nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-insecticides. Find out why nano-based products promise to be a cost-effective, economically viable, and eco-friendly approach to tackling some of the most intractable problems in agriculture today. You’ll also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the prospects and impacts of using nanotechnology to promote the growth of plants and control plant diseases An exploration of the effects of titanium dioxide nanomaterials on plant growth and the emerging applications of zinc-based nanoparticles in plant growth promotion Practical discussions of nano-fertilizer in enhancing the production potentials of crops and the potential applications of nanotechnology in plant nutrition and protection for sustainable agriculture A concise treatment of nanotechnology in seed science and soil feed Toxicological concerns of nanomaterials used in agriculture Perfect for undergraduate, graduate, and research students of nanotechnology, agriculture, plant science, plant physiology, and crops, Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection will also earn a place in the libraries of professors and researchers in these areas, as well as regulators and policymakers.
Author : Harikesh Bahadur Singh
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323855822
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)
Download or read book New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering written by Harikesh Bahadur Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-07-01 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Agriculture: Revisiting Green Chemicals discusses green technologies that help us to understand new green chemicals to reduce plant pathogens and induce plant growth as well as soil health. The most used green chemicals are antioxidants, osmoprotectants, and phytohormones. This book brings together the most relevant information on how we can use microbial resources to develop new formulations for these types of chemicals and technologies for field application. The book offers reference material to chemical engineers, biochemists, agrochemists, industrialists, researchers, and scientists working on sustainable agriculture. - Highlights the latest developments in green technology in agriculture - Overviews applied aspects of different green chemicals for crop production - Identifies the importance and potential of green chemicals in manifold prospects
Author : Rajput, Vishnu D.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (693 download)
Download or read book Nanotechnology Applications and Innovations for Improved Soil Health written by Rajput, Vishnu D. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-07-12 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional agricultural practices face escalating environmental challenges and struggle to meet global food demands while ensuring soil health and sustainability. Soil degradation, exacerbated by factors like industrialization and urbanization, significantly threatens crop productivity and food security. Conventional remediation methods often need to be revised, requiring innovative approaches to restore soil health and fertility. Nanotechnology Applications and Innovations for Improved Soil Health presents a groundbreaking solution to this pressing issue, offering a comprehensive guide to leveraging nanotechnology for sustainable agriculture. This pioneering book explores the transformative potential of nanomaterials in enhancing soil quality and crop production. By harnessing the unique properties of nanomaterials, such as their high surface area and reactivity, researchers and practitioners can develop novel strategies to address soil degradation and improve nutrient availability. By systematically examining nanotechnology's role in soil health, this book equips readers with the knowledge and tools needed to revolutionize agricultural practices and ensure food security for future generations.
Author : Azamal Husen
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030785211
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Plant Performance Under Environmental Stress written by Azamal Husen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change is bound to create a number of abiotic and biotic stresses in the environment, which would affect the overall growth and productivity of plants. Like other living beings, plants have the ability to protect themselves by evolving various mechanisms against stresses, despite being sessile in nature. They manage to withstand extremes of temperature, drought, flooding, salinity, heavy metals, atmospheric pollution, toxic chemicals and a variety of living organisms, especially viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes, insects and arachnids and weeds. Incidence of abiotic stresses may alter the plant-pest interactions by enhancing susceptibility of plants to pathogenic organisms. These interactions often change plant response to abiotic stresses. Plant growth regulators modulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and regulate their growth and developmental cascades. A number of physiological and molecular processes that act together in a complex regulatory network, further manage these responses. Crosstalk between autophagy and hormones also occurs to develop tolerance in plants towards multiple abiotic stresses. Similarly, biostimulants, in combination with correct agronomic practices, have shown beneficial effects on plant metabolism due to the hormonal activity that stimulates different metabolic pathways. At the same time, they reduce the use of agrochemicals and impart tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. Further, the use of bio- and nano-fertilizers seem to hold promise to improve the nutrient use efficiency and hence the plant yield under stressful environments. It has also been shown that the seed priming agents impart stress tolerance. Additionally, tolerance or resistance to stress may also be induced by using specific chemical compounds such as polyamines, proline, glycine betaine, hydrogen sulfide, silicon, β-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and so on. This book discusses the advances in plant performance under stressful conditions. It should be very useful to graduate students, researchers, and scientists in the fields of botanical science, crop science, agriculture, horticulture, ecological and environmental science.
Author : Hassan Etesami
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323998224
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)
Download or read book Silicon and Nano-silicon in Environmental Stress Management and Crop Quality Improvement written by Hassan Etesami and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-04-06 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon and Nano-silicon in Environmental Stress Management and Crop Quality Improvement: Progress and Prospects provides a comprehensive overview of the latest understanding of the physiological, biochemical and molecular basis of silicon- and nano-silicon-mediated environmental stress tolerance and crop quality improvements in plants. The book not only covers silicon-induced biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in crops but is also the first to include nano-silicon-mediated approaches to environmental stress tolerance in crops. As nanotechnology has emerged as a prominent tool for enhancing agricultural productivity, and with the production and applications of nanoparticles (NPs) greatly increasing in many industries, this book is a welcomed resource. - Enables the development of strategies to enhance crop productivity and better utilize natural resources to ensure future food security - Focuses on silicon- and nano-silicon-mediated environmental stress tolerance - Addresses the challenges of both biotic and abiotic stresses
Author : Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031374282
Total Pages : 1004 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)
Download or read book Climate-Resilient Agriculture, Vol 2 written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-09 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under ongoing climate change, natural and cultivated habitats of major food crops are being continuously disturbed. Such condition accelerates to impose stress effects like abiotic and biotic stressors. Drought, salinity, flood, cold, heat, heavy metals, metalloids, oxidants, irradiation etc. are important abiotic stresses; and diseases and infections caused by plant pathogens viz. fungal agents, bacteria and viruses are major biotic stresses. As a result, these harsh environments affect crop productivity and its biology in multiple complex paradigms. As stresses become the limiting factors for agricultural productivity and exert detrimental role on growth and yield of the crops, scientists and researchers are challenged to maintain global food security for a rising world population. This two-volume work highlights the fast-moving agricultural research on crop improvement through the stress mitigation strategies, with specific focuses on crop biology and their response to climatic instabilities. Together with "Climate Resilient Agriculture, Vol 1: Crop Responses and Agroecological Perspectives", it covers a wide range of topics under environmental challenges, agronomy and agriculture processes, and biotechnological approaches, uniquely suitable for scientists, researchers and students working in the fields of agriculture, plant science, environmental biology and biotechnology.
Author : Naleeni Ramawat
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811670803
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Biostimulants: Exploring Sources and Applications written by Naleeni Ramawat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-24 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book is a comprehensive compilation highlighting sources of biostimulants, their production, influence on plant growth and development, and regulatory status of plant biostimulants for better understanding and opening new vistas for future research. Biostimulants, the biological formulations are known to meliorate the plants growth and vigour, improve nutritional efficiency along with maintaining their well-being mainly via providing protection against a wide range of infections. Both horticultural as well as agricultural crops involve the utilization of the biostimulants. Fulvic and humic acids, nitrogen-containing compounds, protein hydrolysates, favourable bacteria and fungi, and extracts of seaweed are the chief active components of these. The major driving force for these materials is the organic farming industry and demand for sustainable crop production. This book will be of great interest to researchers, teachers, climate change scientists, capacity builders, and policy makers. Moreover, this book does the work of a supplementary reading for students in various fields such as agriculture, soil science, ecology, environmental science and forestry at undergraduate as well as graduate level. This will be a gainful read for national and international agricultural scientists and the policy makers. • Elaborates on biostimulants induced influence of plant growth and development • Covers all aspects of biostimulants sources and its role in plant life in detail • Discusses evidence based approach in biostimulants sources and its useful applications in plants
Author : Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1789248078
Total Pages : 542 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Biostimulants for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by CABI. This book was released on 2022-09-14 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural biostimulants are a group of substances or microorganisms, based on natural resources, that are applied to plants or soils to improve nutrient uptake and plant growth, and provide better tolerance to various stresses. Their function is to stimulate the natural processes of plants, or to enrich the soil microbiome to improve plant growth, nutrition, abiotic and/or biotic stress tolerance, yield and quality of crop plants. Interest in plant biostimulants has been on the rise over the past 10 years, driven by the growing interest of researchers and farmers in environmentally-friendly tools for improved crop performance. Improved crop production technologies are urgently needed to meet the growing demand for food for the ever-increasing global population by addressing the impacts of changing climate on agriculture. This book is of interest to researchers in agriculture, agronomy, crop and plant science, soil science and environmental science.
Author : Azamal Husen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128178523
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Nanomaterials for Agriculture and Forestry Applications written by Azamal Husen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials for Agriculture and Forestry Applications explores how major nanomaterials are being specially used in the agriculture, forestry, and other associated sectors. Plants and their products are used for synthesis of nanoparticles as they contain primary and secondary metabolites, which reduce the metal salts and metal oxides into their nanoparticles. Exposure of these particles has been examined for their sustainable role and/or interaction with agricultural crops in terms of growth and yields. Nanomaterials accumulation and translocation have shown interaction with cellular organelles, DNA, RNA, proteins, or other biomolecules; and affect various functions of cell organelles. Application of nanosensors holds a significant promise in monitoring signaling pathways, metabolism, detection of crop/soil diseases, and specific pollutants or pesticides. Nanomaterials have also been used in soil and water quality management. In forestry sector, the nanotechnology is considered as the potential platform, which can transform the forest materials into value-added products, such as smart paper, nano-packaging, coating material, building construction, and biomedical and other sectors. This book is an important resource, showing how nanotechnology is being used to enhance large-scale agricultural and/or industrial application and production.
Author : Masudulla Khan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819708516
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Nanoparticles in Plant Biotic Stress Management written by Masudulla Khan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 139421152X
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (942 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Agricultural Biotechnology, Volume 5 written by Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-09-19 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details recent advances in the applications of nanobiofertilizers as a substitute for synthetic fertilizers in boosting food production. With the steady rise of the world’s population, there is a need to increase the production of safe and nutritious food. The constant loss of arable land, as a result of various anthropogenic activities from human action, has become a threat to global biodiversity and ecosystems. Additionally, the issue of climate change has imposed many obstacles to increasing agricultural productivity, especially from biotic and abiotic stressors and temperature-limited environments, such as in high altitudes or seasonally hot regions. Because of these factors, there is a need to adopt sustainable and modern technologies that can boost and improve the rate of food production. One of the cheapest means of enhancing sustainable food production is to explore natural and unlimited beneficial microorganisms, particularly those that can increase the level of soil fertility, improve crop production and health, improve tolerance to stress, support nutrient uptake and availability, and boost natural biodiversity. The synergetic effect of nanotechnology and beneficial microorganisms for the effective bio-fabrication of nanobiofertilizers, is a sustainable solution for producing pesticide-free food. This book provides a deep insight into microbial diversity, recent techniques used for the isolation, screening, and characterization of beneficial microorganisms with eco-friendly attributes, used for bioengineering of nanobiofertilizers, as well as the application of proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, and bioinformatics. The book also covers commercialization, patents, and the business and socio-economic aspects of nanobiofertilizers, as well as the role of policymakers, stakeholders, and government agencies in the translation of nanobioferilizer research into policy. Audience The book is a useful resource for a diverse audience, including industrialists, food industry professionals, agriculturists, agricultural microbiologists, plant pathologists, botanists, microbiologists, biotechnologists, nanotechnologists, microbial biotechnologists, farmers, policymakers, and extension workers.
Author : Sudisha Jogaiah
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128200928
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Advances in Nano-Fertilizers and Nano-Pesticides in Agriculture written by Sudisha Jogaiah and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Nano-Fertilizers and Nano-Pesticides in Agriculture explores the use of nanotechnology as it provides new approaches for the controlled delivery of pesticides, herbicides and fertilisers to improve safety of products with increasing the efficiency of food production and decreased environmental pollution. The development of nanodevices such as smart delivery systems to target specific sites, as well as nanocarriers for chemical controlled release are currently important aspects in novel agriculture and require a strong foundation of understanding not only the technology but the resulting impacts. Fills key knowledge- gaps of bio-nanotechnology, how they interact with plant cells and their biological consequences Focused on the agro-nanotechnology which can be utilized for developing healthy seeds Explores the possibilities of macronutrient nano-based fertilizers
Author : Sudisha Jogaiah
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128204443
Total Pages : 650 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Advances in Nano-Fertilizers and Nano-Pesticides in Agriculture written by Sudisha Jogaiah and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Nano-fertilizers and Nano-pesticides in Agriculture: A Smart Delivery System for Crop Improvement explores the use of nanotechnology for the controlled delivery of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers that improve the safety of products while also increasing the efficiency of food production and decreased environmental pollution. The development of nanodevices such as smart delivery systems to target specific sites, as well as nanocarriers for chemical controlled release are currently important aspects in novel agriculture and require a strong foundation of understanding, not only the technology, but also the resulting impacts. - Fills key knowledge- gaps of bio-nanotechnology, how they interact with plant cells and their biological consequences - Focuses on agro-nanotechnology which can be utilized for developing healthy seeds - Explores the possibilities of macronutrient nano-based fertilizers
