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Multithreaded Processor Design
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Book Synopsis Multithreaded Processor Design by : Simon W. Moore
Download or read book Multithreaded Processor Design written by Simon W. Moore and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multithreaded Processor Design takes the unique approach of designing a multithreaded processor from the ground up. Every aspect is carefully considered to form a balanced design rather than making incremental changes to an existing design and then ignoring problem areas. The general purpose parallel computer is an elusive goal. Multithreaded processors have emerged as a promising solution to this conundrum by forming some amalgam of the commonplace control-flow (von Neumann) processor model with the more exotic data-flow approach. This new processor model offers many exciting possibilities and there is much research to be performed to make this technology widespread. Multithreaded processors utilize the simple and efficient sequential execution technique of control-flow, and also data-flow like concurrency primitives. This supports the conceptually simple but powerful idea of rescheduling rather than blocking when waiting for data, e.g. from large and distributed memories, thereby tolerating long data transmission latencies. This makes multiprocessing far more efficient because the cost of moving data between distributed memories and processors can be hidden by other activity. The same hardware mechanisms may also be used to synchronize interprocess communications to awaiting threads, thereby alleviating operating system overheads. Supporting synchronization and scheduling mechanisms in hardware naturally adds complexity. Consequently, existing multithreaded processor designs have tended to make incremental changes to existing control-flow processor designs to resolve some problems but not others. Multithreaded Processor Design serves as an excellent reference source and is suitable as a text for advanced courses in computer architecture dealing with the subject.
Book Synopsis Multithreading Architecture by : Mario Nemirovsky
Download or read book Multithreading Architecture written by Mario Nemirovsky and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multithreaded architectures now appear across the entire range of computing devices, from the highest-performing general purpose devices to low-end embedded processors. Multithreading enables a processor core to more effectively utilize its computational resources, as a stall in one thread need not cause execution resources to be idle. This enables the computer architect to maximize performance within area constraints, power constraints, or energy constraints. However, the architectural options for the processor designer or architect looking to implement multithreading are quite extensive and varied, as evidenced not only by the research literature but also by the variety of commercial implementations. This book introduces the basic concepts of multithreading, describes a number of models of multithreading, and then develops the three classic models (coarse-grain, fine-grain, and simultaneous multithreading) in greater detail. It describes a wide variety of architectural and software design tradeoffs, as well as opportunities specific to multithreading architectures. Finally, it details a number of important commercial and academic hardware implementations of multithreading.
Book Synopsis Multithreading Architecture by : Mario Nemirovsky
Download or read book Multithreading Architecture written by Mario Nemirovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multithreaded architectures now appear across the entire range of computing devices, from the highest-performing general purpose devices to low-end embedded processors. Multithreading enables a processor core to more effectively utilize its computational resources, as a stall in one thread need not cause execution resources to be idle. This enables the computer architect to maximize performance within area constraints, power constraints, or energy constraints. However, the architectural options for the processor designer or architect looking to implement multithreading are quite extensive and varied, as evidenced not only by the research literature but also by the variety of commercial implementations. This book introduces the basic concepts of multithreading, describes a number of models of multithreading, and then develops the three classic models (coarse-grain, fine-grain, and simultaneous multithreading) in greater detail. It describes a wide variety of architectural and software design tradeoffs, as well as opportunities specific to multithreading architectures. Finally, it details a number of important commercial and academic hardware implementations of multithreading. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multithreaded Execution Models / Coarse-Grain Multithreading / Fine-Grain Multithreading / Simultaneous Multithreading / Managing Contention / New Opportunities for Multithreaded Processors / Experimentation and Metrics / Implementations of Multithreaded Processors / Conclusion
Book Synopsis Multithreaded Computer Architecture: A Summary of the State of the ART by : Robert A. Iannucci
Download or read book Multithreaded Computer Architecture: A Summary of the State of the ART written by Robert A. Iannucci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multithreaded computer architecture has emerged as one of the most promising and exciting avenues for the exploitation of parallelism. This new field represents the confluence of several independent research directions which have united over a common set of issues and techniques. Multithreading draws on recent advances in dataflow, RISC, compiling for fine-grained parallel execution, and dynamic resource management. It offers the hope of dramatic performance increases through parallel execution for a broad spectrum of significant applications based on extensions to `traditional' approaches. Multithreaded Computer Architecture is divided into four parts, reflecting four major perspectives on the topic. Part I provides the reader with basic background information, definitions, and surveys of work which have in one way or another been pivotal in defining and shaping multithreading as an architectural discipline. Part II examines key elements of multithreading, highlighting the fundamental nature of latency and synchronization. This section presents clever techniques for hiding latency and supporting large synchronization name spaces. Part III looks at three major multithreaded systems, considering issues of machine organization and compilation strategy. Part IV concludes the volume with an analysis of multithreaded architectures, showcasing methodologies and actual measurements. Multithreaded Computer Architecture: A Summary of the State of the Art is an excellent reference source and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the subject.
Book Synopsis Design of Multithreaded Software by : Bo I. Sanden
Download or read book Design of Multithreaded Software written by Bo I. Sanden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assumes familiarity with threads (in a language such as Ada, C#, or Java) and introduces the entity-life modeling (ELM) design approach for certain kinds of multithreaded software. ELM focuses on "reactive systems," which continuously interact with the problem environment. These "reactive systems" include embedded systems, as well as such interactive systems as cruise controllers and automated teller machines. Part I covers two fundamentals: program-language thread support and state diagramming. These are necessary for understanding ELM and are provided primarily for reference. Part II covers ELM from different angles. Part III positions ELM relative to other design approaches.
Book Synopsis Network Processor Design by : Mark A. Franklin
Download or read book Network Processor Design written by Mark A. Franklin and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2003-12-02 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Network Processor Design: Issues and Practics, Volume 2 -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Network Processors: Themes and Challenges, Patrick Crowley, Mark Franklin, Haldun Hadimioglu, and Peter Z. Onufryk -- Part 1. Design Principles -- Chapter 2. A Programmable Scalable Platform for Next Generation Networking, Christos J. Georgiou, Valentina Salapura, and Monty Denneau -- Chapter 3. Power Considerations in Network Processor Design, Mark A. Franklin and Tilman Wolf -- Chapter 4. Worst-Case Execution Time Estimation for Hardware-assisted Multithreaded Processors, Patrick Crowley and Jean-Loup Baer -- Chapter 5. Multiprocessor Scheduling in Processor-based Router Platforms: Issues and Ideas, Anand Srinivasan, Philip Holman, James Anderson, Sanjoy Baruah and Jasleen Kaur -- Chapter 6. A Massively Multithreaded Packet Processor, Steve Melvin, Mario Nemirovsky, Enric Musoll, Jeff Huynh, Rodolfo Milito, Hector Urdaneta, and Koroush Saraf -- Chapter 7. Exploring Trade-offs in Performance a ...
Book Synopsis Design and Implementation of a Multithreaded Associative SIMD Processor by : Kevin Schaffer
Download or read book Design and Implementation of a Multithreaded Associative SIMD Processor written by Kevin Schaffer and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moore's law predicts that the number of transistors that can fit onto a single chip will double every 18 months. The challenge for computer architects is to find a way to use those transistors efficiently. Single-Instruction, Multiple-Data (SIMD) processors represent an alternative approach which overcomes many of the limitations of more common processor architectures such as wide-issue superscalars or chip multiprocessors. However, the performance of a SIMD processor is often limited by the broadcast/reduction bottleneck. As the number of PEs increases, the wires connecting the control unit and the PEs become longer and so signals take longer to propagate. The effect is especially pronounced in associative SIMD processors, which make extensive use of the broadcast/reduction network. This dissertation presents MTASC, a multithreaded associative SIMD processor that uses a combination of pipelining and fine-grain hardware multithreading to overcome the broadcast/reduction bottleneck. Through simulations of five multithreaded associative benchmarks, it is shown that the proposed architecture is capable of significantly improving the performance of associative code over a single-threaded architecture, especially for processors with a large number of PEs.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Evaluation of Multi-core Multithreading Processor Architectures in SystemC by : Nicholas Ma
Download or read book Modeling and Evaluation of Multi-core Multithreading Processor Architectures in SystemC written by Nicholas Ma and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processor design has evolved over the years to take advantage of new technology and innovative concepts in order to improve performance. Diminishing returns for improvements based on current techniques such as exploiting instruction-level parallelism have caused designers to shift their focus. Rather then focusing on single-threaded architectures, designers have increasingly sought to improve system performance and increase overall throughput by exploiting thread-level parallelism through multithreaded multi-core architectures. Software modeling and simulation are common techniques used to aid hardware design. Through simulation, different architectures can be explored and verified before hardware is actually built. An appropriate choice for the level of abstraction can reduce the complexity and the time required to create and simulate software models. The first contribution of this thesis is a transaction-level simulation model of a multithreaded multi-core processor. The transaction level is a high level of abstraction that hides computational details from the designer allowing key architectural elements to be quickly explored. The processor model that has been implemented for this thesis is flexible and can be used to explore various designs by simulating different processor and cache configurations. The processor model is written in SystemC, which is a standard design and verification language that is built on C++ and that can be used to model hardware systems. The second contribution of this thesis is the development of an application model that seeks to characterize the behavior of instruction execution and data accesses in a program. An application's instruction trace can be profiled to produce a model that can be used to generate a synthetic trace with similar characteristics. The synthetic trace can then be used in place of large trace files to drive the SystemC-based processor model. The application model can also produce various workload scenarios for multiprocessor simulation. From experimentation, various processor configurations and different workload scenarios were simulated to explore the potential benefits of a multi-core multithreaded processor architecture. Performance increased with diminishing returns with additional multi-core multithreading support. However, these improvement were limited by the utilization of the shared bus.
Book Synopsis The Art of Concurrency by : Clay Breshears
Download or read book The Art of Concurrency written by Clay Breshears and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you're looking to take full advantage of multi-core processors with concurrent programming, this practical book provides the knowledge and hands-on experience you need. The Art of Concurrency is one of the few resources to focus on implementing algorithms in the shared-memory model of multi-core processors, rather than just theoretical models or distributed-memory architectures. The book provides detailed explanations and usable samples to help you transform algorithms from serial to parallel code, along with advice and analysis for avoiding mistakes that programmers typically make when first attempting these computations. Written by an Intel engineer with over two decades of parallel and concurrent programming experience, this book will help you: Understand parallelism and concurrency Explore differences between programming for shared-memory and distributed-memory Learn guidelines for designing multithreaded applications, including testing and tuning Discover how to make best use of different threading libraries, including Windows threads, POSIX threads, OpenMP, and Intel Threading Building Blocks Explore how to implement concurrent algorithms that involve sorting, searching, graphs, and other practical computations The Art of Concurrency shows you how to keep algorithms scalable to take advantage of new processors with even more cores. For developing parallel code algorithms for concurrent programming, this book is a must.
Book Synopsis Modern Processor Design by : John Paul Shen
Download or read book Modern Processor Design written by John Paul Shen and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conceptual and precise, Modern Processor Design brings together numerous microarchitectural techniques in a clear, understandable framework that is easily accessible to both graduate and undergraduate students. Complex practices are distilled into foundational principles to reveal the authors insights and hands-on experience in the effective design of contemporary high-performance micro-processors for mobile, desktop, and server markets. Key theoretical and foundational principles are presented in a systematic way to ensure comprehension of important implementation issues. The text presents fundamental concepts and foundational techniques such as processor design, pipelined processors, memory and I/O systems, and especially superscalar organization and implementations. Two case studies and an extensive survey of actual commercial superscalar processors reveal real-world developments in processor design and performance. A thorough overview of advanced instruction flow techniques, including developments in advanced branch predictors, is incorporated. Each chapter concludes with homework problems that will institute the groundwork for emerging techniques in the field and an introduction to multiprocessor systems.
Download or read book Processor Design written by Jari Nurmi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-26 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is an extremely useful book that provides insight into a number of different flavors of processor architectures and their design, software tool generation, implementation, and verification. After a brief introduction to processor architectures and how processor designers have sometimes failed to deliver what was expected, the authors introduce a generic flow for embedded on-chip processor design and start to explore the vast design space of on-chip processing. The authors cover a number of different types of processor core.
Book Synopsis Design and Simulation of Simultaneous Multithreading Processor by : 楊宏偉
Download or read book Design and Simulation of Simultaneous Multithreading Processor written by 楊宏偉 and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intel Threading Building Blocks by : James Reinders
Download or read book Intel Threading Building Blocks written by James Reinders and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2007-07-12 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multithreading is a requirement for good performance of systems with multi-core chips. This book explains how to maximize the benefits of these processors through a portable C++ library that works on Windows, Linux, Macintosh, and Unix systems, and explains the key tasks in multithreading and how to accomplish them with TBB.
Book Synopsis Multicore Processors and Systems by : Stephen W. Keckler
Download or read book Multicore Processors and Systems written by Stephen W. Keckler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-29 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multicore Processors and Systems provides a comprehensive overview of emerging multicore processors and systems. It covers technology trends affecting multicores, multicore architecture innovations, multicore software innovations, and case studies of state-of-the-art commercial multicore systems. A cross-cutting theme of the book is the challenges associated with scaling up multicore systems to hundreds of cores. The book provides an overview of significant developments in the architectures for multicore processors and systems. It includes chapters on fundamental requirements for multicore systems, including processing, memory systems, and interconnect. It also includes several case studies on commercial multicore systems that have recently been developed and deployed across multiple application domains. The architecture chapters focus on innovative multicore execution models as well as infrastructure for multicores, including memory systems and on-chip interconnections. The case studies examine multicore implementations across different application domains, including general purpose, server, media/broadband, network processing, and signal processing. Multicore Processors and Systems is the first book that focuses solely on multicore processors and systems, and in particular on the unique technology implications, architectures, and implementations. The book has contributing authors that are from both the academic and industrial communities.
Book Synopsis Multicore Technology by : Muhammad Yasir Qadri
Download or read book Multicore Technology written by Muhammad Yasir Qadri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-07-26 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The saturation of design complexity and clock frequencies for single-core processors has resulted in the emergence of multicore architectures as an alternative design paradigm. Nowadays, multicore/multithreaded computing systems are not only a de-facto standard for high-end applications, they are also gaining popularity in the field of embedded computing. The start of the multicore era has altered the concepts relating to almost all of the areas of computer architecture design, including core design, memory management, thread scheduling, application support, inter-processor communication, debugging, and power management. This book gives readers a holistic overview of the field and guides them to further avenues of research by covering the state of the art in this area. It includes contributions from industry as well as academia.
Book Synopsis Processor Architecture by : Jurij Silc
Download or read book Processor Architecture written by Jurij Silc and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of architectural mechanisms and implementation techniques for exploiting fine- and coarse-grained parallelism within microprocessors. Beginning with a review of past techniques, the monograph provides a comprehensive account of state-of-the-art techniques used in microprocessors, covering both the concepts involved and implementations in sample processors. The whole is rounded off with a thorough review of the research techniques that will lead to future microprocessors. XXXXXXX Neuer Text This monograph surveys architectural mechanisms and implementation techniques for exploiting fine-grained and coarse-grained parallelism within microprocessors. It presents a comprehensive account of state-of-the-art techniques used in microprocessors that covers both the concepts involved and possible implementations. The authors also provide application-oriented methods and a thorough review of the research techniques that will lead to the development of future processors.
Book Synopsis Architecture Design and Functional Verification of Simultaneous Multithreading Processor by : 臧成杰
Download or read book Architecture Design and Functional Verification of Simultaneous Multithreading Processor written by 臧成杰 and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
