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Multi Scale Investigation Of Microstructure Fiber Matrix Bond And Mechanical Properties Of Ultra High Performance Concrete
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Book Synopsis Multi-scale Investigation of Microstructure, Fiber-matrix Bond, and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-high Performance Concrete by : Zemei Wu
Download or read book Multi-scale Investigation of Microstructure, Fiber-matrix Bond, and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-high Performance Concrete written by Zemei Wu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The main objective of this study is to provide new insights into enhancing fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). Three main strategies were investigated: 1) use of supplementary cementitious materials; 2) use of nano-particles; and 3) use of deformed fibers. A multi-scale investigation involving the evaluation of non-fibrous UHPC mortar phase (matrix), fiber-matrix interface phase, and then UHPC composite material was undertaken to determine microstructural characteristics, fiber bond to matrix, and key mechanical properties of the UHPC matrix and UHPC. Test results indicate that the incorporation of 10%-20% silica fume effectively improved the fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties due to increased C-S-H content and decreased porosity. The flexural and tensile strengths of UHPC were found to increase by approximately 15%-30% and 35%-70%, respectively. Optimal nano-CaCO3 and nano-SiO2 contents were found to be 3.2% and 1.0%, respectively, by mass of binder. High nano-particle content decreased the fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties of matrix and UHPC due to the increased porosity and introduction of weak zone at fiber-matrix interface. The use of deformed fibers enhanced bond given additional mechanical interlocking and enhanced friction. Compared to straight fibers, the corrugated and hooked fibers improved the bond strengths by approximately three and seven times, respectively. Such values were three and four times greater for pullout energy. The flexural strengths of UHPC made with 2% corrugated and hooked fibers were enhanced by approximately 10%-30% and 15%-50%, respectively. The tensile/flexural strengths of UHPC can be predicted based on the composite theory given fiber-matrix bond strength, strength of matrix, and fiber characteristics"--Abstract, page iii.
Book Synopsis Ultra-High Performance Concrete by : Caijun Shi
Download or read book Ultra-High Performance Concrete written by Caijun Shi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-23 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an advanced cement-based composite material with compressive strength of over 120 MPa, high toughness, and superior durability. Since its development in the early 1990s, UHPC has attracted great interest worldwide due to its advantages. This book covers material selection and mixture design methods for developing UHPC, as well as the performance of UHPC, including fresh and hardened properties, setting and hardening, dimensional stability, static and dynamic properties, durability, long-term properties, and self-healing properties. A range of potential applications and case studies are presented to illustrate how UHPC meets requirements for lightweight, high-rise, large-span, heavy-load bearing, fast-construction, and highly durable structures in civil and construction engineering. Also introduced is a typical new concrete, seawater sea-sand UHPC, which avoids the use of freshwater and river sand in marine construction. The first book to fully cover the design, performance, and applications of UHPC, this is ideal for concrete technologists, designers, contractors, and researchers.
Book Synopsis High-performance Hybrid-fibre Concrete by : Ivan Marković
Download or read book High-performance Hybrid-fibre Concrete written by Ivan Marković and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the research project presented in this PhD-thesis, an innovative type of fibre concrete is developed, with improved both the tensile strength and the ductility: the Hybrid-Fibre Concrete (HFC). The expression "Hybrid" refers to the "hybridisation" of fibres: short and long steel fibres were combined together in one concrete mixture. This is opposite to conventional steel fibre concretes, which contain only one type of fibre. The basic goal of combining short and long fibres is from one side to improve the tensile strength by the action of short fibres, and from the other side to improve the ductility by the action of long fibres." "In this research project, all important aspects needed for the development and application of Hybrid-Fibre Concrete have been considered. In total 15 mixtures, with different types and amounts of steel fibres were developed and tested in the fresh state (workability) as well as in the hardened state (uniaxial tensile tests, flexural tests, pullout tests of single fibres and compressive tests). A new analytical model for bridging of cracks by fibres was developed and successfully implemented for tensile softening response of HFC. At the end, the utilisation of HFC in the engineering practice was discussed, including a case-study on light prestressed long-span beams made of HFC."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis On Enhancing the Mechanical Behavior of Ultra-high Performance Concrete Through Multi-scale Fiber Reinforcement by : William F. Heard
Download or read book On Enhancing the Mechanical Behavior of Ultra-high Performance Concrete Through Multi-scale Fiber Reinforcement written by William F. Heard and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multiscale Modeling of Tensile Behavior of High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites by : Jingu Kang
Download or read book Multiscale Modeling of Tensile Behavior of High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites written by Jingu Kang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites (HPFRCC) exhibit strain-hardening behavior and multiple cracking up to relatively high levels of tensile strain. Due to its high toughness, and ability to control crack openings, HPFRCC has numerous applications within the civil infrastructure. Most notably, HPFRCC serves as durable construction and repair materials. The objective of this research is the development and validation of lattice models for the analysis of HPFRCC under tensile loadings. The validation exercises include simulations of the finely distributed cracking patterns, the crack counts and widths, and stress-strain responses. This is achieved through a hierarchical, multiscale accounting of the constitutive behaviors of the matrix, fiber, and fiber-matrix interface. The multiscale model is implemented using the concept of a Rigid-Body-Spring Network, in which the individual fibers within the material volume are explicitly modeled. After matrix cracking, the bonded, debonding, and fiber pullout stages are represented according to a micromechanical model. Fibers can be placed within the computational domain irrespective of the discretization of the matrix phase. The approach is computationally efficient since supplementary degrees of freedom are not introduced with the addition of fibers to matrix. An innovative approach is proposed to achieve objective results with respect to discretization of the matrix, in which force transfer along the embedded lengths of fibers is distributed to the associated matrix elements. This is in contrast to models that lump the pullout force at the crack surfaces, which can lead to spurious break-off of matrix particles as the discretization of the matrix is refined. To verify the distributed force approach, simulated pullouts of single fibers are compared with theory and test results for the cases of perfectly-plastic and slip-hardening behavior of the fiber-matrix interface. The process of fiber pullout is simulated and compared to that of a fully discretized fiber modeling approach through the study of pullout forces and conditions local to the fiber embedment lengths. With respect to fracture in multi-fiber composites, the proposed model matches theoretical predictions of post-cracking strength and pullout displacement corresponding to the traction-free condition (i.e. complete fiber pullout). The modeling approach is also applicable to simulating early-age concrete behavior, as observed during restrained ring tests. The steel and concrete rings are represented by an irregular lattice model. The evolution of concrete properties, including stiffness and strength, is based on simple models and experimental results. For simulating cases of steel fiber-reinforced concrete, each fiber is explicitly represented within the concrete ring. The simulation results compare well with the experimental data, including readings from strain gauges attached to the steel rings. As expected, the addition of short fibers prolongs the time to cracking and reduces crack widths. Viability of the model, as a means for analyzing the early-age behavior of FRCC, is discussed. The multiple cracking of HPFRCC specimens produces islands of material interconnected by fiber bridges, which places demands on solution convergence. For this reason, a special event-by-event solution strategy is newly developed in this study. Local to a developing crack, force transfer from the fibers to matrix is updated according to the event-based procedure, resulting in improved numerical stability and the simulation of realistic crack patterns. Crack count and crack size are also simulated for progressively larger levels of tensile strain. Finally, the lattice model is used to simulate the tensile behavior of HPFRCC depending on the distribution of fibers within a specimen. Fibers are distributed according to simple functions or, more realistically, spatially correlated random fields. Simulated cracking behavior is compared with experimental results for increasing levels of tensile strain. It is seen that regions of lower fiber content act as defects that promote larger crack openings and lower resistance to fracture localization. This dissertation presents a computationally efficient approach to representing individual fibers, and their composite behavior, within lattice models of cement-based materials. A hierarchical, multiscale model for HPFRCC is introduced, in which force transfer along each fiber length evolves during crack formation and opening. The proposed spatial representation of the fiber bridging forces provides realistic representations of stress transfer between the fiber and matrix, which is essential for simulating crack openings and crack spacing in HPFRCC.
Book Synopsis Ultra-High Performance Concrete and Nanotechnology in Construction. Proceedings of Hipermat 2012. 3rd International Symposium on UHPC and Nanotechnology for High Performance Construction Materials by : Insert Name Here
Download or read book Ultra-High Performance Concrete and Nanotechnology in Construction. Proceedings of Hipermat 2012. 3rd International Symposium on UHPC and Nanotechnology for High Performance Construction Materials written by Insert Name Here and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 1059 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interfacial Transition Zone in Concrete by : J.C. Maso
Download or read book Interfacial Transition Zone in Concrete written by J.C. Maso and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important new state-of-the-art report prepared by RILEM Technical Committee 108 ICC. It has been written by a team of leading international experts from the UK, USA, Canada, Israel, Germany, Denmark, South Africa, Italy and France. Research studies over recent years in the field of cement science have focused on the behaviour of the interfaces between the components of cement-based materials. The techniques used in other areas of materials science are being applied to the complex materials found in cements and concretes, and this book provides a significant survey of the present state of the art.
Book Synopsis Multiscale Structure-property Relationships of Ultra-high Performance Concrete by : Megan Noel Burcham
Download or read book Multiscale Structure-property Relationships of Ultra-high Performance Concrete written by Megan Noel Burcham and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure-property relationships of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) were quantified using imaging techniques to characterize the multiscale hierarchical heterogeneities and the mechanical properties. Through image analysis the average size, percent area, nearest neighbor distance, and relative number density of each inclusion type was determined and then used to create Representative Volume Element (RVE) cubes for use in Finite Element (FE) analysis. Three different size scale RVEs at the mesoscale were found to best represent the material: the largest length scale (35 mm side length) included steel fibers, the middle length scale (0.54 mm side length) included large voids and silica sand grains, and the smallest length scale (0.04 mm side length) included small voids and unhydrated cement grains. By using three length scales of mesoscale FE modeling, the bridge of information to the macroscale cementitious material model is more physically based.
Book Synopsis Mechanical Properties of Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete by : Hafeez Mohammed
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete written by Hafeez Mohammed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The usage of Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHSFRC) with higher compressive strength (15,000-29,000 psi) in construction industry has been increasing worldwide. UHSFRC is also known as reactive powder concrete (RPC) which exhibits excellent durability and mechanical properties. This is one of the latest and emerging topics in the concrete technology. Structural elements cast with UHPC can carry larger loads and exhibit energy absorption capacity with smaller sections.The high compressive strength, higher tensile strength along with almost negligible water and chloride permeability therefore better durability of this new concrete material makes it UHSFRC. The basic principle in UHSFRC is to make the cement matrix as dense as possible, by reducing the micro cracks and capillary pores in the concrete and also to make a dense transition zone between cement matrix and aggregates. These special properties of concrete can be achieved by eliminating the coarse aggregates and replacing them with quartz sand of maximum size of 600 microns.The possibility of achieving high strength, durability, and ductility concrete encourages engineers to use this innovative material in many applications such as nuclear waste containment structures, high rise structures, long span bridges, walkways and in many more applications.ivConcrete (UHSFRC) using materials that are available locally are always economical since the patented products are very expensive and the materials such as silica sand and quartz powder are not readily available. The research also includes use of recognized mineral admixtures, natural river sand, steel fibers, and superplasticizers (Sika Viscocrete 2100 - 3% by weight of cement, Melflux 4930 - 1% by weight of cementitious material) without using any coarser aggregates, and an optimum dosage of silica fume was 15 % by weight of the cement.The structural integrity and durability of concrete used in shear keys is vital for the performance of bridges constructed using precast concrete components. The use of UHPC in the construction of shear keys can be a good solution for achieving long lasting bridge systems. The evaluation of UHPC shear key was conducted by connecting the precast concrete girders together via shear key. The test specimen was a simply supported beam with the shear key connection at mid span.The fresh and hardened mechanical properties of the UHSFRC were studied such as workability of the mix, compression test on cubes, split tensile test on cylinders, flexural tensile test for both reinforced and unreinforced concrete beams, rebar pull-out tests, impact test on panels and testing for shear keys.Two different curing practices were used in this work: Moist Curing (MC) and Heat Curing (HC). Two different types of cements used were ASTM Type I and Type III cements. Type I cement is commonly used in all the construction works whereas Type III cement is used in special applications where early high strengths are required. Both the cements are used for the comparative study, keeping all the proportions constant.vCompressive strength of 21,500 psi was achieved with concrete made of type III cement using moist curing practice. Split tensile strength of 2,300 psi and flexural strength of 3,300 psi were gained using Type III cement and moist curing practice. Highest compressive strength of 28,150 psi is achieved using heat curing practice. It was found that heat curing practice may be artificially inflating the compressive strength. The split tensile strength, and flexural strength results of heat-cured specimens have lower strength compared to moist cured specimens. The moment capacity of the fiber reinforced concrete is twice than the conventional concrete, due to the denser microstructure, absence of coarse aggregates, and cement silica reaction. Potential application of UHSFRC in shear keys of adjacent box beam girder bridges was demonstrated on small joint test specimens with sand blasted surface. It is concluded that the use of the mix design developed in this study for UHSFRC is feasible for such box beam bridges.
Book Synopsis Self-Healing Concrete by : David J.Fisher
Download or read book Self-Healing Concrete written by David J.Fisher and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2021-05-20 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-healing techniques are most successful in preventing concrete from cracking or breaking. The book reviews the most promising methods, including the use of polymers, epoxy resins, fungi or cementitious composites; biomineralization, continuing hydration or carbonation or wet/dry cycling. Various micro-organisms are able to produce favorable effects, such as denitrification, calcium carbonate formation, sulfate reduction or the production of methane. The book references 289 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading. Keywords: Self-Healing Concrete, Concrete Inspection, Concrete Maintenance, Concrete Repair, Polymers, Bacteria, Fungi, Cementitious Composites, Biomineralization, Carbonation, Wet/dry Cycling, Denitrification, Calcium Carbonate Formation, Sulfate Reduction, Methane Production, Micro-organisms, Phototrophic Micro-organisms, Aerobic Organotrophic Bacteria, Anaerobic Micro-organisms.
Author :Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9400724365 Total Pages :567 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (7 download)
Book Synopsis High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 by : Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos
Download or read book High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6 written by Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-28 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites (HPFRCC) represent a class of cement composites whose stress-strain response in tension undergoes strain hardening behaviour accompanied by multiple cracking, leading to a high strain prior to failure. The primary objective of this International Workshop was to provide a compendium of up-to-date information on the most recent developments and research advances in the field of High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites. Approximately 65 contributions from leading world experts are assembled in these proceedings and provide an authoritative perspective on the subject. Special topics include fresh and hardening state properties; self-compacting mixtures; mechanical behavior under compressive, tensile, and shear loading; structural applications; impact, earthquake and fire resistance; durability issues; ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete; and textile reinforced concrete. Target readers: graduate students, researchers, fiber producers, design engineers, material scientists.
Book Synopsis Ultra-high Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Bridge Deck Applications by : Jun Xia
Download or read book Ultra-high Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Bridge Deck Applications written by Jun Xia and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research presented in this dissertation focuses on the material characterization of ultrahigh performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) at both the microscopic and macroscopic scales. The macroscopic mechanical properties of this material are highly related to the orientation of the steel fibers distributed within the matrix. However, the fiber orientation distribution has been confirmed to be anisotropic based on the flow-casting process. The orientation factor and probability density function (PDF) of the crossing fiber (fibers crossing a cutting plane) orientation was obtained based on theoretical derivations and numerical simulations with respect to different levels of anisotropy and cut planes oriented arbitrarily in space. The level of anisotropy can be calibrated based on image analysis on cut sections from hardened UHP-FRC prisms. Simplified equations provide a framework to predict the mechanical properties based on a single fiber-matrix interaction rule selected from existing theoretical models. Along with the investigation of the impacts from different curing methods and available post-cracking models, a versatile parameterized uniaxial stress-strain constitutive model was developed and calibrated. The constitutive model was implemented in a finite element analysis software program, and the program was utilized in the preliminary design of moveable bridge deck panels made of passively reinforced UHP-FRC. This deck system was among the several alternatives to replace the problematic steel grid decks currently in use. Based on experimental investigations of the deck panels, failure occurred largely in shear rather than flexure during bending tests. However, this shear failure is not abrupt and usually involves large deformation, large sectional rotation, and wide shear cracks before loss of load-carrying capacity. This particular shear failure mode observed was further investigated numerically and experimentally. Three-dimensional FEM models with the ability to reflect the interaction between rebar and concrete were created in a commercial FEM software to investigate the load transfer mechanism before and after bond failure. Small-scale passively reinforced prisms were tested to verify the conclusions drawn from simulation results. In an effort to improve the original design, several shear-strengthened deck panels were tested and evaluated for effectiveness. Finally, methods and equations to predict the ultimate shear capacity were calibrated. A two-dimensional frame element based complete moveable bridge finite element model was built for observation of bridge system performance. The model contained the option to substitute any available deck system based on a subset of pre-calibrated parameters specific to each deck type. These alternative deck systems include an aluminum bridge deck system and a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) deck system. All three alternatives and the original steel grid deck system were evaluated based on the global responses of the moveable bridge, and the advantages and disadvantages of adopting the UHP-FRC deck system are quantified.
Book Synopsis Investigating High Energy Mixing in Cement-based Materials by : Aileen Vandenberg
Download or read book Investigating High Energy Mixing in Cement-based Materials written by Aileen Vandenberg and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the current challenges to nano-engineering cementitious composite materials is obtaining properly dispersed nano-sized particles in the cementitious composite matrix. Properly dispersed nanoparticles can lead to an improved particle packing density, a key parameter to improving the mechanical, chemical, and sustainable properties of the cementitious composite. Broadening the particle size distributions of cementitious materials, such as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), to include additional nano-sized particles is a challenge that requires a better understanding of how they self-assemble in the cementitious matrix. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role mixing plays in multi-scale, multi-phase self-assembling cement-based material systems. This is achieved through three objectives. The first objective is to investigate resonant acoustic mixing, a mixing method not common to the concrete industry, and its ability to act as a high-intensive mixer. The second objective is to consider how using resonant acoustic mixing affects the assemblage of UHPC with carbon nanofiber inclusions and cement paste with carbon nanoplatelet inclusions. The third objective is to understand the origins of high-shear mixing and how it influences the development of cement hydration. To achieve these three objectives a systematic analysis is carried out that includes quantifying the mixing energy demand; analyzing surface characteristics through scanning electron microscopy, inverse gas chromatography, dynamic light scattering, and mercury intrusion porosity; and applying rheological theory to connect macroscopic properties to the fundamental properties of the materials. The results show that mixing is a very important parameter to multi-scale, multi-phase self-assembling cement-based materials and should be considered more in concrete research.
Book Synopsis Fiber, Matrix, and Interface Properties by : Christopher J. Spragg
Download or read book Fiber, Matrix, and Interface Properties written by Christopher J. Spragg and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1996 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing fiber-matrix adhesion and its characterization in composite materials, reports results from applying the most commonly used test methods, such as fragmentation, pull-out, and indentation, to high-performance composites and their constituents. The 13 papers were presented at a symposium i
Book Synopsis Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete by : Sidney Mindess
Download or read book Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete written by Sidney Mindess and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete, Second Edition, presents the latest developments on topics covered in the first edition. In addition, it includes new chapters on supplementary cementitious materials, mass concrete, the sustainably of concrete, service life prediction, limestone cements, the corrosion of steel in concrete, alkali-aggregate reactions, and concrete as a multiscale material. The book's chapters introduce the reader to some of the most important issues facing today's concrete industry. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, users will find this to be a must-have reference for civil and structural engineers. Summarizes a wealth of recent research on structural concrete, including material microstructure, concrete types, and variation and construction techniques Emphasizes concrete mixture design and applications in civil and structural engineering Reviews modern concrete materials and novel construction systems, such as the precast industry and structures requiring high-performance concrete
Book Synopsis From Microstructure Investigations to Multiscale Modeling by : Delphine Brancherie
Download or read book From Microstructure Investigations to Multiscale Modeling written by Delphine Brancherie and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interfaces in Cementitious Composites by : J.C. Maso
Download or read book Interfaces in Cementitious Composites written by J.C. Maso and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a series of high level contributions from leading research groups around the world in the field of cement and concrete science. It deals with the rapidly advancing subject of the interfaces between the components of cementitious materials: cements, aggregates, fibres, reinforcement. It will be valuable for all those involved with research and development into cement and concrete materials.
