Monte Carlo Methods for Likelihood-based Inference in Hierarchical Models

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Methods for Likelihood-based Inference in Hierarchical Models by : Ronald Charles Neath

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods for Likelihood-based Inference in Hierarchical Models written by Ronald Charles Neath and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Markov Chain Monte Carlo

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781584885870
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Markov Chain Monte Carlo by : Dani Gamerman

Download or read book Markov Chain Monte Carlo written by Dani Gamerman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-05-10 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there have been few theoretical contributions on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods in the past decade, current understanding and application of MCMC to the solution of inference problems has increased by leaps and bounds. Incorporating changes in theory and highlighting new applications, Markov Chain Monte Carlo: Stochastic Simulation for Bayesian Inference, Second Edition presents a concise, accessible, and comprehensive introduction to the methods of this valuable simulation technique. The second edition includes access to an internet site that provides the code, written in R and WinBUGS, used in many of the previously existing and new examples and exercises. More importantly, the self-explanatory nature of the codes will enable modification of the inputs to the codes and variation on many directions will be available for further exploration. Major changes from the previous edition: · More examples with discussion of computational details in chapters on Gibbs sampling and Metropolis-Hastings algorithms · Recent developments in MCMC, including reversible jump, slice sampling, bridge sampling, path sampling, multiple-try, and delayed rejection · Discussion of computation using both R and WinBUGS · Additional exercises and selected solutions within the text, with all data sets and software available for download from the Web · Sections on spatial models and model adequacy The self-contained text units make MCMC accessible to scientists in other disciplines as well as statisticians. The book will appeal to everyone working with MCMC techniques, especially research and graduate statisticians and biostatisticians, and scientists handling data and formulating models. The book has been substantially reinforced as a first reading of material on MCMC and, consequently, as a textbook for modern Bayesian computation and Bayesian inference courses.

Probability and Bayesian Modeling

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351030132
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Probability and Bayesian Modeling by : Jim Albert

Download or read book Probability and Bayesian Modeling written by Jim Albert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-06 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Probability and Bayesian Modeling is an introduction to probability and Bayesian thinking for undergraduate students with a calculus background. The first part of the book provides a broad view of probability including foundations, conditional probability, discrete and continuous distributions, and joint distributions. Statistical inference is presented completely from a Bayesian perspective. The text introduces inference and prediction for a single proportion and a single mean from Normal sampling. After fundamentals of Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms are introduced, Bayesian inference is described for hierarchical and regression models including logistic regression. The book presents several case studies motivated by some historical Bayesian studies and the authors’ research. This text reflects modern Bayesian statistical practice. Simulation is introduced in all the probability chapters and extensively used in the Bayesian material to simulate from the posterior and predictive distributions. One chapter describes the basic tenets of Metropolis and Gibbs sampling algorithms; however several chapters introduce the fundamentals of Bayesian inference for conjugate priors to deepen understanding. Strategies for constructing prior distributions are described in situations when one has substantial prior information and for cases where one has weak prior knowledge. One chapter introduces hierarchical Bayesian modeling as a practical way of combining data from different groups. There is an extensive discussion of Bayesian regression models including the construction of informative priors, inference about functions of the parameters of interest, prediction, and model selection. The text uses JAGS (Just Another Gibbs Sampler) as a general-purpose computational method for simulating from posterior distributions for a variety of Bayesian models. An R package ProbBayes is available containing all of the book datasets and special functions for illustrating concepts from the book. A complete solutions manual is available for instructors who adopt the book in the Additional Resources section.

Sequential Monte Carlo for Hierarchical Bayes with Large Datasets

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Sequential Monte Carlo for Hierarchical Bayes with Large Datasets by : Remi Daviet

Download or read book Sequential Monte Carlo for Hierarchical Bayes with Large Datasets written by Remi Daviet and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical use of Hierarchical Bayes models require the availability of efficient methods for posterior inference. Sequential Monte Carlo methods have appeared as an extremely robust way to simulate complicated Bayesian posteriors. The simplest version successively weights and resample draws called particles from a sequence of target distributions. The method has a main weakness keeping it from being used in complex hierarchical models and large data sets: sample impoverishment. This issue is usually alleviated through the use of a "refreshing" MCMC step. However, to preserve effectiveness, the computational costs are quadratically increasing with the total number of observations. We propose a new SMC-within-SMC method. In a first step, each individual-level parameter is estimated separately using standard SMC and a non-hierarchical auxiliary prior. In a second step, we use weighting methods to replace the auxiliary prior with the hierarchical one without the need to recompute any likelihood. In addition to allowing for the separate processing of individual data, this approach drastically reduces the computational costs. A MATLAB package is provided.

Markov Chain Monte Carlo

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780412818202
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Markov Chain Monte Carlo by : Dani Gamerman

Download or read book Markov Chain Monte Carlo written by Dani Gamerman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date and integrated account of the recent developments in Markov chain Monte Carlo for performing Bayesian inference. Th book originates from a short course taught by the author at the XII meeting of Brazilian Statisticians and Probabilists.

Estimability and Likelihood Inference for General Hierarchical Models Using Data Cloning

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimability and Likelihood Inference for General Hierarchical Models Using Data Cloning by : Khurram Nadeem

Download or read book Estimability and Likelihood Inference for General Hierarchical Models Using Data Cloning written by Khurram Nadeem and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hierarchical models constitute one of the most useful classes of statistical models with applications in a broad range of disciplines including, among others, social sciences, epidemiology and environmental sciences. The widely used linear mixed effects models, their extension to generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), and state-space models all arise as special cases of general hierarchical models. These models provide a powerful framework for modeling the effects of latent processes, called random effects, whose variability is only manifested through the observed data. However, maximum likelihood estimation for these models poses significant challenges because the likelihood function involves intractable integrals whose dimension depends on the random effects structure. In this thesis, we use data cloning; a simple computational method that exploits advances in Bayesian computation, in particular the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, to obtain maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters along with their asymptotic standard errors in general hierarchical models. We also suggest a frequentist method to obtain prediction intervals for random effects. Determining estimability of the parameters in a hierarchical model is a very difficult problem in general. This thesis also develops a simple data cloning based graphical test to not only check if the full set of parameters is estimable but also, and more importantly, if a specified function of the parameters is estimable. We exemplify our methodology by analyzing various GLMMs and state-space models. Using a focal population time series of song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) on Mandarte Island, British Columbia, Canada, we show that data cloning can be efficiently employed to fit nonlinear non-Gaussian state-space models for conducting population viability analyses in the presence of observation error and missing values. The quality of MCMC based Bayesian inference, and for that matter, that of data cloning based estimates, is crucially dependent on appropriate diagnosis of MCMC chains' convergence. This thesis also develops a diagnostic method for convergence of MCMC algorithms using a new empirical characteristic function (ECF) based nonparametric test for comparing k-multivariate distributions. We show that the ECF based convergence diagnostic is particularly useful in cases where the target distribution is multimodal.

Monte Carlo Methods

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Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 0821819925
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Methods by : Neal Noah Madras

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods written by Neal Noah Madras and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2000 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of the Workshop on Monte Carlo Methods held at The Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences (Toronto, 1998). The workshop brought together researchers in physics, statistics, and probability. The papers in this volume - of the invited speakers and contributors to the poster session - represent the interdisciplinary emphasis of the conference. Monte Carlo methods have been used intensively in many branches of scientific inquiry. Markov chain methods have been at the forefront of much of this work, serving as the basis of many numerical studies in statistical physics and related areas since the Metropolis algorithm was introduced in 1953. Statisticians and theoretical computer scientists have used these methods in recent years, working on different fundamental research questions, yet using similar Monte Carlo methodology. This volume focuses on Monte Carlo methods that appear to have wide applicability and emphasizes new methods, practical applications and theoretical analysis. It will be of interest to researchers and graduate students who study and/or use Monte Carlo methods in areas of probability, statistics, theoretical physics, or computer science.

Markov Chain Monte Carlo in Practice

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482214970
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Markov Chain Monte Carlo in Practice by : W.R. Gilks

Download or read book Markov Chain Monte Carlo in Practice written by W.R. Gilks and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-12-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a family study of breast cancer, epidemiologists in Southern California increase the power for detecting a gene-environment interaction. In Gambia, a study helps a vaccination program reduce the incidence of Hepatitis B carriage. Archaeologists in Austria place a Bronze Age site in its true temporal location on the calendar scale. And in France,

Sequential Monte Carlo Methods in Practice

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475734379
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Sequential Monte Carlo Methods in Practice by : Arnaud Doucet

Download or read book Sequential Monte Carlo Methods in Practice written by Arnaud Doucet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monte Carlo methods are revolutionizing the on-line analysis of data in many fileds. They have made it possible to solve numerically many complex, non-standard problems that were previously intractable. This book presents the first comprehensive treatment of these techniques.

Accelerating Monte Carlo methods for Bayesian inference in dynamical models

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9176857972
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (768 download)

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Book Synopsis Accelerating Monte Carlo methods for Bayesian inference in dynamical models by : Johan Dahlin

Download or read book Accelerating Monte Carlo methods for Bayesian inference in dynamical models written by Johan Dahlin and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making decisions and predictions from noisy observations are two important and challenging problems in many areas of society. Some examples of applications are recommendation systems for online shopping and streaming services, connecting genes with certain diseases and modelling climate change. In this thesis, we make use of Bayesian statistics to construct probabilistic models given prior information and historical data, which can be used for decision support and predictions. The main obstacle with this approach is that it often results in mathematical problems lacking analytical solutions. To cope with this, we make use of statistical simulation algorithms known as Monte Carlo methods to approximate the intractable solution. These methods enjoy well-understood statistical properties but are often computational prohibitive to employ. The main contribution of this thesis is the exploration of different strategies for accelerating inference methods based on sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). That is, strategies for reducing the computational effort while keeping or improving the accuracy. A major part of the thesis is devoted to proposing such strategies for the MCMC method known as the particle Metropolis-Hastings (PMH) algorithm. We investigate two strategies: (i) introducing estimates of the gradient and Hessian of the target to better tailor the algorithm to the problem and (ii) introducing a positive correlation between the point-wise estimates of the target. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm based on the combination of SMC and Gaussian process optimisation, which can provide reasonable estimates of the posterior but with a significant decrease in computational effort compared with PMH. Moreover, we explore the use of sparseness priors for approximate inference in over-parametrised mixed effects models and autoregressive processes. This can potentially be a practical strategy for inference in the big data era. Finally, we propose a general method for increasing the accuracy of the parameter estimates in non-linear state space models by applying a designed input signal. Borde Riksbanken höja eller sänka reporäntan vid sitt nästa möte för att nå inflationsmålet? Vilka gener är förknippade med en viss sjukdom? Hur kan Netflix och Spotify veta vilka filmer och vilken musik som jag vill lyssna på härnäst? Dessa tre problem är exempel på frågor där statistiska modeller kan vara användbara för att ge hjälp och underlag för beslut. Statistiska modeller kombinerar teoretisk kunskap om exempelvis det svenska ekonomiska systemet med historisk data för att ge prognoser av framtida skeenden. Dessa prognoser kan sedan användas för att utvärdera exempelvis vad som skulle hända med inflationen i Sverige om arbetslösheten sjunker eller hur värdet på mitt pensionssparande förändras när Stockholmsbörsen rasar. Tillämpningar som dessa och många andra gör statistiska modeller viktiga för många delar av samhället. Ett sätt att ta fram statistiska modeller bygger på att kontinuerligt uppdatera en modell allteftersom mer information samlas in. Detta angreppssätt kallas för Bayesiansk statistik och är särskilt användbart när man sedan tidigare har bra insikter i modellen eller tillgång till endast lite historisk data för att bygga modellen. En nackdel med Bayesiansk statistik är att de beräkningar som krävs för att uppdatera modellen med den nya informationen ofta är mycket komplicerade. I sådana situationer kan man istället simulera utfallet från miljontals varianter av modellen och sedan jämföra dessa mot de historiska observationerna som finns till hands. Man kan sedan medelvärdesbilda över de varianter som gav bäst resultat för att på så sätt ta fram en slutlig modell. Det kan därför ibland ta dagar eller veckor för att ta fram en modell. Problemet blir särskilt stort när man använder mer avancerade modeller som skulle kunna ge bättre prognoser men som tar för lång tid för att bygga. I denna avhandling använder vi ett antal olika strategier för att underlätta eller förbättra dessa simuleringar. Vi föreslår exempelvis att ta hänsyn till fler insikter om systemet och därmed minska antalet varianter av modellen som behöver undersökas. Vi kan således redan utesluta vissa modeller eftersom vi har en bra uppfattning om ungefär hur en bra modell ska se ut. Vi kan också förändra simuleringen så att den enklare rör sig mellan olika typer av modeller. På detta sätt utforskas rymden av alla möjliga modeller på ett mer effektivt sätt. Vi föreslår ett antal olika kombinationer och förändringar av befintliga metoder för att snabba upp anpassningen av modellen till observationerna. Vi visar att beräkningstiden i vissa fall kan minska ifrån några dagar till någon timme. Förhoppningsvis kommer detta i framtiden leda till att man i praktiken kan använda mer avancerade modeller som i sin tur resulterar i bättre prognoser och beslut.

Hierarchical Modelling for the Environmental Sciences

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191513849
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Hierarchical Modelling for the Environmental Sciences by : James S. Clark

Download or read book Hierarchical Modelling for the Environmental Sciences written by James S. Clark and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-05-04 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New statistical tools are changing the ways in which scientists analyze and interpret data and models. Many of these are emerging as a result of the wide availability of inexpensive, high speed computational power. In particular, hierarchical Bayes and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods for analysis provide consistent framework for inference and prediction where information is heterogeneous and uncertain, processes are complex, and responses depend on scale. Nowhere are these methods more promising than in the environmental sciences. Models have developed rapidly, and there is now a requirement for a clear exposition of the methodology through to application for a range of environmental challenges.

Explorations in Monte Carlo Methods

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031559649
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Explorations in Monte Carlo Methods by : Ronald W. Shonkwiler

Download or read book Explorations in Monte Carlo Methods written by Ronald W. Shonkwiler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Monte Carlo Methods

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400958196
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Methods by : J. Hammersley

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods written by J. Hammersley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph surveys the present state of Monte Carlo methods. we have dallied with certain topics that have interested us Although personally, we hope that our coverage of the subject is reasonably complete; at least we believe that this book and the references in it come near to exhausting the present range of the subject. On the other hand, there are many loose ends; for example we mention various ideas for variance reduction that have never been seriously appli(:d in practice. This is inevitable, and typical of a subject that has remained in its infancy for twenty years or more. We are convinced Qf:ver theless that Monte Carlo methods will one day reach an impressive maturity. The main theoretical content of this book is in Chapter 5; some readers may like to begin with this chapter, referring back to Chapters 2 and 3 when necessary. Chapters 7 to 12 deal with applications of the Monte Carlo method in various fields, and can be read in any order. For the sake of completeness, we cast a very brief glance in Chapter 4 at the direct simulation used in industrial and operational research, where the very simplest Monte Carlo techniques are usually sufficient. We assume that the reader has what might roughly be described as a 'graduate' knowledge of mathematics. The actual mathematical techniques are, with few exceptions, quite elementary, but we have freely used vectors, matrices, and similar mathematical language for the sake of conciseness.

Monte Carlo Methods in Statistical Physics

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Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 0191589861
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Methods in Statistical Physics by : M. E. J. Newman

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods in Statistical Physics written by M. E. J. Newman and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to Monte Carlo simulations in classical statistical physics and is aimed both at students beginning work in the field and at more experienced researchers who wish to learn more about Monte Carlo methods. The material covered includes methods for both equilibrium and out of equilibrium systems, and common algorithms like the Metropolis and heat-bath algorithms are discussed in detail, as well as more sophisticated ones such as continuous time Monte Carlo, cluster algorithms, multigrid methods, entropic sampling and simulated tempering. Data analysis techniques are also explained starting with straightforward measurement and error-estimation techniques and progressing to topics such as the single and multiple histogram methods and finite size scaling. The last few chapters of the book are devoted to implementation issues, including discussions of such topics as lattice representations, efficient implementation of data structures, multispin coding, parallelization of Monte Carlo algorithms, and random number generation. At the end of the book the authors give a number of example programmes demonstrating the applications of these techniques to a variety of well-known models.

Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Inference

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Inference by : Huarui Zhang

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Inference written by Huarui Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monte Carlo methods are becoming more and more popular in statistics due to the fast development of efficient computing technologies. One of the major beneficiaries of this advent is the field of Bayesian inference. The aim of this thesis is two-fold: (i) to explain the theory justifying the validity of the simulation-based schemes in a Bayesian setting (why they should work) and (ii) to apply them in several different types of data analysis that a statistician has to routinely encounter. In Chapter 1, I introduce key concepts in Bayesian statistics. Then we discuss Monte Carlo Simulation methods in detail. Our particular focus in on, Markov Chain Monte Carlo, one of the most important tools in Bayesian inference. We discussed three different variants of this including Metropolis-Hastings Algorithm, Gibbs Sampling and slice sampler. Each of these techniques is theoretically justified and I also discussed the potential questions one needs too resolve to implement them in real-world settings. In Chapter 2, we present Monte Carlo techniques for the commonly used Gaussian models including univariate, multivariate and mixture models. In Chapter 3, I focused on several variants of regression including linear and generalized linear models involving continuous, categorical and count responses. For all these cases, the required posterior distributions are rigorously derived. I complement the methodological description with analysis of multiple real datasets and provide tables and diagrams to summarize the inference. In the last Chapter, a few additional key aspects of Bayesian modeling are mentioned. In conclusion, this thesis emphasizes on the Monte Carlo Simulation application in Bayesian Statistics. It also shows that the Bayesian Statistics, which treats all unknown parameters as random variables with their distributions, becomes efficient, useful and easy to implement through Monte Carlo simulations in lieu of the difficult numerical/theoretical calculations.

Bayesian Methods for Statistical Analysis

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Publisher : ANU Press
ISBN 13 : 1921934263
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (219 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Methods for Statistical Analysis by : Borek Puza

Download or read book Bayesian Methods for Statistical Analysis written by Borek Puza and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bayesian Methods for Statistical Analysis is a book on statistical methods for analysing a wide variety of data. The book consists of 12 chapters, starting with basic concepts and covering numerous topics, including Bayesian estimation, decision theory, prediction, hypothesis testing, hierarchical models, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, finite population inference, biased sampling and nonignorable nonresponse. The book contains many exercises, all with worked solutions, including complete computer code. It is suitable for self-study or a semester-long course, with three hours of lectures and one tutorial per week for 13 weeks.

Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Computation

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461212766
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Computation by : Ming-Hui Chen

Download or read book Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Computation written by Ming-Hui Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dealing with methods for sampling from posterior distributions and how to compute posterior quantities of interest using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samples, this book addresses such topics as improving simulation accuracy, marginal posterior density estimation, estimation of normalizing constants, constrained parameter problems, highest posterior density interval calculations, computation of posterior modes, and posterior computations for proportional hazards models and Dirichlet process models. The authors also discuss model comparisons, including both nested and non-nested models, marginal likelihood methods, ratios of normalizing constants, Bayes factors, the Savage-Dickey density ratio, Stochastic Search Variable Selection, Bayesian Model Averaging, the reverse jump algorithm, and model adequacy using predictive and latent residual approaches. The book presents an equal mixture of theory and applications involving real data, and is intended as a graduate textbook or a reference book for a one-semester course at the advanced masters or Ph.D. level. It will also serve as a useful reference for applied or theoretical researchers as well as practitioners.