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Author : Douglas W. R. Wallace
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Monitoring Global Ocean Carbon Inventories written by Douglas W. R. Wallace and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Toste Tanhua
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 012805879X
Total Pages : 69 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by Toste Tanhua and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon is a fundamental component of all life and its gaseous form, carbon dioxide (CO2), is an important atmospheric regulator of Earth’s climate. Over societally relevant timescales, diverse physical, biological, and chemical processes in the global ocean have a very important role in controlling the exchanges of CO2 with the atmosphere and climate, given that the ocean contains roughly 60 times more carbon than the atmosphere. The complex and dynamic marine carbon cycle is thus a fundamental part and regulator of life on Earth, requiring monitoring of its variability and understanding of the feedbacks to the climate system. This is particularly relevant given that emissions of human produced (anthropogenic) CO2 through fossil fuel and land use changes have led to significant perturbations in the global carbon cycle. A large fraction of emitted anthropogenic carbon (Cant) has been and will be absorbed by the oceans with implications for seawater chemistry, ocean pH levels, and the biological communities contained within. During the last few decades, quantification of the ocean sink of CO2 and its temporal evolution of the marine carbon cycle has been an important driver of marine biogeochemical research. Scientific expeditions such as the World Ocean Circulation Experiment/Joint Global Ocean Flux Study global surveys conducted during the 1990s provided the data for the first global estimates of the uptake and oceanic sink of Cant. More recently, completion of a second global survey of the marine carbon cycle (from 2000 to 2013) provided sufficient data to assess the rate of uptake and storage of Cant within the interior of the global ocean. From this effort, it has become clear that there is substantial regional and temporal variability of the storage rate of Cant and those physico-biogeochemical processes that influence the marine carbon cycle. Here we review seawater carbonate chemistry, the sampling strategies, and networks required to observe variability in the global ocean carbon cycle and the flux of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere but with a central focus, synthesizing and summarizing available estimates of the ocean uptake and inventories of Cant. This chapter is aimed at a wider audience within the oceanographic community and points to the rich literature on marine carbon cycle research.
Author : Mick Follows
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402020872
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate written by Mick Follows and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our desire to understand the global carbon cycle and its link to the climate system represents a huge challenge. These overarching questions have driven a great deal of scientific endeavour in recent years: What are the basic oceanic mechanisms which control the oceanic carbon reservoirs and the partitioning of carbon between ocean and atmosphere? How do these mechanisms depend on the state of the climate system and how does the carbon cycle feed back on climate? What is the current rate at which fossil fuel carbon dioxide is absorbed by the oceans and how might this change in the future? To begin to answer these questions we must first understand the distribution of carbon in the ocean, its partitioning between different ocean reservoirs (the "solubility" and "biological" pumps of carbon), the mechanisms controlling these reservoirs, and the relationship of the significant physical and biological processes to the physical environment. The recent surveys from the JGOFS and WOCE (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and World Ocean Circulation Ex periment) programs have given us a first truly global survey of the physical and biogeochemical properties of the ocean. These new, high quality data provide the opportunity to better quantify the present oceans reservoirs of carbon and the changes due to fossil fuel burning. In addition, diverse process studies and time-series observations have clearly revealed the complexity of interactions between nutrient cycles, ecosystems, the carbon-cycle and the physical envi ronment.
Author : Michael J.R. Fasham
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642558445
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)
Download or read book Ocean Biogeochemistry written by Michael J.R. Fasham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.
Author : Ellen M. Briggs
Publisher : American Chemical Society
ISBN 13 : 0841299803
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (412 download)
Download or read book Observing Marine Inorganic Carbon written by Ellen M. Briggs and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2023-05-30 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology has always played a major role in oceanography; new advances have changed how we observe the ocean. Among the many interests driving marine carbon observations, ocean acidification and marine carbon dioxide removal are at the forefront of research requiring better sensing options. There has been a recent explosion of interest in adapting existing technologies and developing new methods to provide much greater coverage of monitoring and better constraining the marine carbon cycle. As new players come to the field from various industries and backgrounds, we often field questions about why we don’t yet have commercially available in situ sensors for more biogeochemical parameters. There are many challenges to working in marine environments regardless of what we are trying to measure, and producing quality data on the time and space scales required for carbon cycle work is a huge task. Many clever people have faced these challenges with fervor and creativity, and we look forward to exciting new developments in this field.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book NASA/GSFC Research Activities for the Global Ocean Carbon Cycle: A Prospectus for the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparison of the Carbon System Parameters at the Global CO2 Survey Crossover Locations in the North and South Pacific Ocean, 1990-1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1004 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Global Ocean Data Inventory written by Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Monitoring, Measurement, and Verification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Parts I and II written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Carbon and Climate Working Group (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book A U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan written by Carbon and Climate Working Group (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Roger B. Hanson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521656030
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (56 download)
Download or read book The Changing Ocean Carbon Cycle written by Roger B. Hanson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-01-13 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's oceans act as a reservoir, with the capacity to absorb and retain carbon dioxide. The air-sea exchange of carbon is driven by physico-chemical forces, photosynthesis, and respiration, and has an important influence on atmospheric composition. Variability in the ocean carbon cycle could therefore exert significant feedback effects during conditions of climate change. The Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) is the first multidisciplinary program to directly address the interactions among the biology, chemistry, and physics of marine systems, with emphasis on the transport and transformations of carbon within the ocean and across its boundaries. This unique volume, written by an international panel of scientists, provides a synthesis of JGOFS science and its achievements to date. The authoritative chapters will be of great interest to readers seeking a current overview of the role of ocean processes in Earth system science and their wider implications for climate change.
Author : Antonio Gianguzza
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 366204207X
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Chemical Processes in Marine Environments written by Antonio Gianguzza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses recent developments in the study of chemical processes and equilibria in the marine environment and in the air/water and water/sediment interfaces. The chemical cycle of carbon as well as the effect of organic substances on the speciation and distribution of inorganic and organometallic substances are extensively discussed. Much of the recent progress in the area is the direct result of advanced analytical technologies and chemometric applications which are highlighted in the book.
Author : Climate Change Science Program (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Our Changing Planet written by Climate Change Science Program (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jorge L. Sarmiento
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400849071
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics written by Jorge L. Sarmiento and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics provides a broad theoretical framework upon which graduate students and upper-level undergraduates can formulate an understanding of the processes that control the mean concentration and distribution of biologically utilized elements and compounds in the ocean. Though it is written as a textbook, it will also be of interest to more advanced scientists as a wide-ranging synthesis of our present understanding of ocean biogeochemical processes. The first two chapters of the book provide an introductory overview of biogeochemical and physical oceanography. The next four chapters concentrate on processes at the air-sea interface, the production of organic matter in the upper ocean, the remineralization of organic matter in the water column, and the processing of organic matter in the sediments. The focus of these chapters is on analyzing the cycles of organic carbon, oxygen, and nutrients. The next three chapters round out the authors' coverage of ocean biogeochemical cycles with discussions of silica, dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity, and CaCO3. The final chapter discusses applications of ocean biogeochemistry to our understanding of the role of the ocean carbon cycle in interannual to decadal variability, paleoclimatology, and the anthropogenic carbon budget. The problem sets included at the end of each chapter encourage students to ask critical questions in this exciting new field. While much of the approach is mathematical, the math is at a level that should be accessible to students with a year or two of college level mathematics and/or physics.
Author : IOC-SCOR Ocean CO2 Advisory Panel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book IOC-SCOR Ocean CO2 Advisory Panel written by IOC-SCOR Ocean CO2 Advisory Panel and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309152119
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Verifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's nations are moving toward agreements that will bind us together in an effort to limit future greenhouse gas emissions. With such agreements will come the need for all nations to make accurate estimates of greenhouse gas emissions and to monitor changes over time. In this context, the present book focuses on the greenhouse gases that result from human activities, have long lifetimes in the atmosphere and thus will change global climate for decades to millennia or more, and are currently included in international agreements. The book devotes considerably more space to CO2 than to the other gases because CO2 is the largest single contributor to global climate change and is thus the focus of many mitigation efforts. Only data in the public domain were considered because public access and transparency are necessary to build trust in a climate treaty. The book concludes that each country could estimate fossil-fuel CO2 emissions accurately enough to support monitoring of a climate treaty. However, current methods are not sufficiently accurate to check these self-reported estimates against independent data or to estimate other greenhouse gas emissions. Strategic investments would, within 5 years, improve reporting of emissions by countries and yield a useful capability for independent verification of greenhouse gas emissions reported by countries.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
