Money Social Ontology And Law

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Money, Social Ontology and Law

Author : Angela Condello
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429575580
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Money, Social Ontology and Law by : Angela Condello

Download or read book Money, Social Ontology and Law written by Angela Condello and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting legal and philosophical essays on money, this book explores the conditions according to which an object like a piece of paper, or an electronic signal, has come to be seen as having a value. Money plays a crucial role in the regulation of social relationships and their normative determination. It is thus integral to the very nature of the “social”, and the question of how society is kept together by a network of agreements, conventions, exchanges, and codes. All of which must be traced down. The technologies of money discussed here by Searle, Ferraris, and Condello show how we conceive the category of the social at the intersection of individual and collective intentionality, documentality, and materiality. All of these dimensions, as the introduction to this volume demonstrates, are of vital importance for legal theory and for a whole set of legal concepts that are crucial in reflections on the relationship between law, philosophy, and society.

The Ontology and Function of Money

Author : Leonidas Zelmanovitz
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739195123
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ontology and Function of Money by : Leonidas Zelmanovitz

Download or read book The Ontology and Function of Money written by Leonidas Zelmanovitz and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central thesis of the book is that in order to evaluate monetary policy, one should have a clear idea about the characteristics and functions of money as it evolved and in its current form. That is to say that without an understanding about how money evolved as a social institution, what it is today, and what is possible to know about monetary phenomena, it is not possible to develop a meaningful ethics for money; or, to put it differently, to find what kind of institutional arrangements may be deemed good money for the kind of society we are in. And without that, one faces severe limitations in offering a normative position about monetary policy. The project is, consequently, an interdisciplinary one. Its main thread is an inquiry of moral philosophy and its foundations, as applied to money, in order to create tools to evaluate public policy in regard to money, banking, and public finance; and the views of different schools on those topics are discussed. The book is organized in parts on metaphysics, epistemology, ethics and politics of money to facilitate the presentation of all the subjects discussed to an educated readership (and not necessarily just one with a background in economics).

Social Ontology

Author : Raimo Tuomela
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019061238X
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Ontology by : Raimo Tuomela

Download or read book Social Ontology written by Raimo Tuomela and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a systematic philosophical theory related to the collectivism-versus-individualism debate in the social sciences. A weak version of collectivism (the "we-mode" approach) that depends on group-based collective intentionality is developed in the book. We-mode collective intentionality is not individualistically reducible and is needed to complement individualistic accounts in social scientific theorizing. The we-mode approach is used in the book to account for collective intention and action, cooperation, group attitudes, social practices and institutions as well as group solidarity.

Perspectives on Social Ontology and Social Cognition

Author : Mattia Gallotti
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401791473
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Social Ontology and Social Cognition by : Mattia Gallotti

Download or read book Perspectives on Social Ontology and Social Cognition written by Mattia Gallotti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perspectives on Social Ontology and Social Cognition brings together contributions discussing issues arising from theoretical and empirical research on social ontology and social cognition. It is the first comprehensive interdisciplinary collection in this rapidly expanding area. The contributors draw upon their diverse backgrounds in philosophy, cognitive science, behavioral economics, sociology of science and anthropology. Based largely on contributions to the first Aarhus-Paris conference held at the University of Aarhus in June 2012, the book addresses such questions as: If the reference of concepts like money is fixed by collective acceptance, does it depend on mechanisms that are distinct from those which contribute to understanding the reference of concepts of other kinds of entity? What psychological and neural mechanisms, if any, are involved in the constitution, persistence and recognition of social facts? The editors’ introduction considers strands of research that have gained increasing importance in explaining the cognitive foundations of acts of sociality, for example, the theory that humans are predisposed and motivated to engage in joint action with con-specifics thanks to mechanisms that enable them to share others’ mental states. The book also presents a commentary written by John Searle for this volume and an interview in which the editors invite Searle to respond to the various questions raised in the introduction and by the other contributors.

The Reality of the Social World

Author : Jenny Pelletier
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031239849
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis The Reality of the Social World by : Jenny Pelletier

Download or read book The Reality of the Social World written by Jenny Pelletier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-03 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a collection of contributions on medieval, early modern, and contemporary perspectives on social ontology. Since the 1990s, social ontology has emerged as a vibrant research area in contemporary analytical philosophy. Questions concerning the nature and properties of social groups, institutions, facts, and objects like money and marriage, have been thoroughly discussed. However, the historical perspective has been largely neglected. One of the central aims of this volume is to show that relevant views on social ontology can be found in medieval and early modern philosophy (ca. 1200-1700 C.E.), when, for example, the ontological status of money, law, and the sacraments was hotly debated. We see, furthermore, diverging positions between Aristotelian-inspired authors, who resort to a more naturalistic view of the emergence of the social realm, and authors like Olivi and Ockham, who emphasize the role of human free will and contractualist agreements. This book is the very first to address historical and contemporary social ontologies. Both historians of philosophy and philosophers will benefit from this juxtaposition, which fosters a better understanding of historical positions and approaches by using today’s conceptual and analytical tools, and allows the contemporary debate to gain new perspectives by confronting its own medieval and early modern history.

The Ant Trap

Author : Brian Epstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199381100
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ant Trap by : Brian Epstein

Download or read book The Ant Trap written by Brian Epstein and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a world of crowds and corporations, artworks and artifacts, legislatures and languages, money and markets. These are all social objects - they are made, at least in part, by people and by communities. But what exactly are these things? How are they made, and what is the role of people in making them? In The Ant Trap, Brian Epstein rewrites our understanding of the nature of the social world and the foundations of the social sciences. Epstein explains and challenges the three prevailing traditions about how the social world is made. One tradition takes the social world to be built out of people, much as traffic is built out of cars. A second tradition also takes people to be the building blocks of the social world, but focuses on thoughts and attitudes we have toward one another. And a third tradition takes the social world to be a collective projection onto the physical world. Epstein shows that these share critical flaws. Most fundamentally, all three traditions overestimate the role of people in building the social world: they are overly anthropocentric. Epstein starts from scratch, bringing the resources of contemporary metaphysics to bear. In the place of traditional theories, he introduces a model based on a new distinction between the grounds and the anchors of social facts. Epstein illustrates the model with a study of the nature of law, and shows how to interpret the prevailing traditions about the social world. Then he turns to social groups, and to what it means for a group to take an action or have an intention. Contrary to the overwhelming consensus, these often depend on more than the actions and intentions of group members.

Poznań School of Legal Theory

Author : Paweł Kwiatkowski
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004448446
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Poznań School of Legal Theory by : Paweł Kwiatkowski

Download or read book Poznań School of Legal Theory written by Paweł Kwiatkowski and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book grew out of the conviction that the original concepts of the Poznań School of Legal Theory are still perfectly suited for application today, in the era of moral pluralism and multicentric legal systems. Moreover, since we are in the midst of a period of heated disputes over the grounds of the normativity of law, and are confronting controversies about the basis for the legitimacy of court decisions, over the results of legal interpretation, and concerning the coherence of legal systems, it would seem that the legal-theoretical proposals put forward by the circle of Poznań legal theorists, supported as they are by firm methodological foundations, have not by any means lost their value.

The Reality of Money

Author : Eyja M. Brynjarsdóttir
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1783482370
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (834 download)

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Book Synopsis The Reality of Money by : Eyja M. Brynjarsdóttir

Download or read book The Reality of Money written by Eyja M. Brynjarsdóttir and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is money and how does it acquire its value? How do we assign a measurable monetary value to human goods that do not seem quantifiable? What role does money play in the structure of society? Is money an illusion or is it real? Despite the enormous impact of money on the structure of human society, as well as its effect on our daily decision-making, surprisingly little philosophical work has been done on money to date. This book examines the metaphysical foundations of money as well as the power structures that characterize the world of finance, connecting the ontology of money to considerations about inequality and other real-life issues. By throwing light on the metaphysical structure of money and financial value, Eyja M. Brynjarsdóttir seeks to further the philosophical discussion of money and contribute to a broader critique of the monetary system.

The Philosophy of Debt

Author : Alexander X. Douglas
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317398866
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Debt by : Alexander X. Douglas

Download or read book The Philosophy of Debt written by Alexander X. Douglas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I owe you a dinner invitation, you owe ten years on your mortgage, and the government owes billions. We speak confidently about these cases of debt, but is that concept clear in its meaning? This book aims to clarify the concept of debt so we can find better answers to important moral and political questions. This book seeks to accomplish two things. The first is to clarify the concept of debt by examining how the word is used in language. The second is to develop a general, principled account of how debts generate genuine obligations. This allows us to avoid settling each case by a bare appeal to moral intuitions, which is what we seem to currently do. It requires a close examination of many institutions, e.g. money, contract law, profit-driven finance, government fiscal operations, and central banking. To properly understand the moral and political nature of debt, we must understand how these institutions have worked, how they do work, and how they might be made to work. There have been many excellent anthropological and sociological studies of debt and its related institutions. Philosophy can contribute to the emerging discussion and help us to keep our language precise and to identify the implicit principles contained in our intuitions.

The Construction of Social Reality

Author : John R. Searle
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1439108366
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The Construction of Social Reality by : John R. Searle

Download or read book The Construction of Social Reality written by John R. Searle and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This short treatise looks at how we construct a social reality from our sense impressions; at how, for example, we construct a ‘five-pound note’ with all that implies in terms of value and social meaning, from the printed piece of paper we see and touch. In The Construction of Social Reality, eminent philosopher John Searle examines the structure of social reality (or those portions of the world that are facts only by human agreement, such as money, marriage, property, and government), and contrasts it to a brute reality that is independent of human agreement. Searle shows that brute reality provides the indisputable foundation for all social reality, and that social reality, while very real, is maintained by nothing more than custom and habit.

Social Ontology of Whoness

Author : Michael Eldred
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110617501
Total Pages : 710 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Ontology of Whoness by : Michael Eldred

Download or read book Social Ontology of Whoness written by Michael Eldred and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How are core social phenomena to be understood as modes of being? This book offers an alternative approach to social ontology. Recent interest in social ontology on the part of mainstream philosophy and the social sciences presupposes from the outset that the human being can be cast as a conscious subject whose intentionality can be collective. By contrast, the present study insistently poses the crucial question of who the human being is and how they sociate as whos. Such whoness is a clean-cut departure from the venerable tradition of questioning whatness (quidditas, essence) in philosophical thinking. Casting human being hermeneutically as whoness opens up new insights into how human beings sociate in interplays of mutual estimation that are simultaneously social power plays. Hitherto, the ontology of social power in all its various guises, has only ever been implicit. This book makes it explicit. The kind of social power prevalent in capitalist societies is that of the reified value embodied in commodities, money, capital, & co. Reified value itself is constituted through an interplay of mutual estimation among things that reflects back on the power interplay among whos. In this way a new critique of capitalism becomes possible.

Theology of Money

Author : Philip Goodchild
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822392550
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Theology of Money by : Philip Goodchild

Download or read book Theology of Money written by Philip Goodchild and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-22 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theology of Money is a philosophical inquiry into the nature and role of money in the contemporary world. Philip Goodchild reveals the significance of money as a dynamic social force by arguing that under its influence, moral evaluation is subordinated to economic valuation, which is essentially abstract and anarchic. His rigorous inquiry opens into a complex analysis of political economy, encompassing markets and capital, banks and the state, class divisions, accounting practices, and the ecological crisis awaiting capitalism. Engaging with Christian theology and the thought of Carl Schmitt, Georg Simmel, Karl Marx, Adam Smith, and many others, Goodchild develops a theology of money based on four contentions, which he elaborates in depth. First, money has no intrinsic value; it is a promise of value, a crystallization of future hopes. Second, money is the supreme value in contemporary society. Third, the value of assets measured by money is always future-oriented, dependent on expectations about how much might be obtained for those assets at a later date. Since this value, when realized, will again depend on future expectations, the future is forever deferred. Financial value is essentially a degree of hope, expectation, trust, or credit. Fourth, money is created as debt, which involves a social obligation to work or make profits to repay the loan. As a system of debts, money imposes an immense and irresistible system of social control on individuals, corporations, and governments, each of whom are threatened by economic failure if they refuse their obligations to the money system. This system of debt has progressively tightened its hold on all sectors and regions of global society. With Theology of Money, Goodchild aims to make conscious our collective faith and its dire implications.

Claims, Changes and Challenges in Translation Studies

Author : Gyde Hansen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027295557
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Claims, Changes and Challenges in Translation Studies by : Gyde Hansen

Download or read book Claims, Changes and Challenges in Translation Studies written by Gyde Hansen and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-05-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume contains a selection of papers, both theoretical and empirical, from the European Society for Translation Studies (EST) Congress held in Copenhagen in September 2001. The EST Congresses, held every three years in a different country, reflect current ideas, theories and studies covering the whole range of "Translation", both oral and written, and the papers collected here, authored by both experienced and young translation scholars, provide an up-to-date picture of some concerns in the field. Topics covered include translation universals, linguistic approaches to translation, translation strategies, quality and assessment issues, screen translation, the translation of humor, terminological issues, translation and related professions, translation and ideology, language brokering by children, Robert Schumann’s relation to translation, directionality in translation and interpreting, community interpreting in Italy, issues in interpreting for refugees, notes in consecutive interpreting, interpreting prosody, and frequent weaknesses in translation papers in the context of the editorial process.

The Economic World View

Author : Uskali Mäki
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521000208
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic World View by : Uskali Mäki

Download or read book The Economic World View written by Uskali Mäki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-07-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beliefs of economists are not solely determined by empirical evidence in direct relation to the theories and models they hold. Economists hold 'ontological presuppositions', fundamental ideas about the nature of being which direct their thinking about economic behaviour. In this volume, leading philosophers and economists examine these hidden presuppositions, searching for a 'world view' of economics. What properties are attributed to human individuals in economic theories, and which are excluded? Does economic man exist? Do markets have an essence? Do macroeconomic aggregates exist? Is the economy a mechanism, the functioning of which is governed by a limited set of distinct causes? What are the methodological implications of different ontological starting points? This collection, which establishes economic ontology as a coordinated field of study, will be of great value to economists and philosophers of social sciences. -- Back cover.

Making the Social World

Author : John Searle
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199745862
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Making the Social World by : John Searle

Download or read book Making the Social World written by John Searle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-12 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few more important philosophers at work today than John Searle, a creative and contentious thinker who has shaped the way we think about mind and language. Now he offers a profound understanding of how we create a social reality--a reality of money, property, governments, marriages, stock markets and cocktail parties. The paradox he addresses in Making the Social World is that these facts only exist because we think they exist and yet they have an objective existence. Continuing a line of investigation begun in his earlier book The Construction of Social Reality, Searle identifies the precise role of language in the creation of all "institutional facts." His aim is to show how mind, language and civilization are natural products of the basic facts of the physical world described by physics, chemistry and biology. Searle explains how a single linguistic operation, repeated over and over, is used to create and maintain the elaborate structures of human social institutions. These institutions serve to create and distribute power relations that are pervasive and often invisible. These power relations motivate human actions in a way that provides the glue that holds human civilization together. Searle then applies the account to show how it relates to human rationality, the freedom of the will, the nature of political power and the existence of universal human rights. In the course of his explication, he asks whether robots can have institutions, why the threat of force so often lies behind institutions, and he denies that there can be such a thing as a "state of nature" for language-using human beings.

Law and the Semantic Web

Author : V. Richard Benjamins
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540322531
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Law and the Semantic Web by : V. Richard Benjamins

Download or read book Law and the Semantic Web written by V. Richard Benjamins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-02-09 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: by Roberto Cencioni At the Lisbon Summit in March 2000, European heads of state and government set a new goal for the European Union — to become the most competitive knowled- based society in the world by 2010. As part of this objective, ICT (information and communication technologies) services should become available for every citizen, and for all schools, homes and businesses. The book you have in front of you is about Semantic Web technology and law. Law is something omnipresent; all citizens — at some points in their lives — have to deal with it. In addition, law involves a large group of professionals, and is a mul- billion business world wide. Information technology is important because it that can improve citizens’ interaction with law, as well as improve legal professionals’ work environment. Legal professionals dedicate a significant amount of their time to finding, reading, analyzing and synthesizing information in order to take decisions, and prepare advice and trials, among other tasks. As part of the “Semantic-Based Knowledge and Content Systems” Strategic Objective, the European Commission is funding projects to construct technology to make the Semantic Web vision come true. 1 The articles in this book are related to two current foci of the Strategic Objective : • Knowledge acquisition and modelling, capturing knowledge from raw information and multimedia content in webs and other distributed repositories to turn poorly structured information into machi- processable knowledge.

Money and Credit

Author : Bruce G. Carruthers
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0745655343
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Money and Credit by : Bruce G. Carruthers

Download or read book Money and Credit written by Bruce G. Carruthers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a fresh and uniquely sociological perspective on money and credit. As basic economic institutions, money and credit are easy to overlook when they work well. When they malfunction, as they did in the new millennium’s global financial crisis, their importance becomes obvious and demands further investigation. Bruce Carruthers and Laura Ariovich examine the social dimensions of money and credit at both the individual and corporate levels, from the development of personal credit and a consumer society, to the role of government in the creation of money. In clear prose, they illustrate how the overall future of the economy is governed by the financial system and the flow of capital into, and out of, firms operating in particular industrial sectors, as well as the social meanings money itself acquires and the ways people distinguish between “dirty” and “clean” money. This accessible and engaging book will be essential reading for upper-level students of economic sociology, and those interested in how the bills, coins and plastic in our pockets shape the world we live in.