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Molecular Beams
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Book Synopsis Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry by : Bretislav Friedrich
Download or read book Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry written by Bretislav Friedrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.
Download or read book Molecular Beams written by Norman Ramsey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1956 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1956, this classic work by N.F. Ramsey, 1989 Nobel Laureate in Physics, provides an account of atomic and molecular structure. After an introductory section reviewing experimental apparatus and the kinds of quantities that can be measured, Ramsey provides comprehensive accounts of gas kinetics, chemical equilibria, and atomic and nuclear magnetic moments by nonresonance methods. He also provides tables of nuclear moments, as well as detailed accounts of nuclear and molecular interactions. Finally there are sections on atomic fine and hyperfine structure, and the design of experimental apparatus. The focus throughout is on the physics of beams composed of electrically neutral particles. As a seminal work by one of the world's leading scientists, this volume will interest students and researchers in a range of fields, including atomic physics, physical chemistry, spectroscopy, and biological chemistry.
Book Synopsis Atom, Molecule, and Cluster Beams II by : Hans Pauly
Download or read book Atom, Molecule, and Cluster Beams II written by Hans Pauly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book completes the physical foundations and experimental techniques described in volume 1 with an updated review of the accessory equipment indispensable in molecular beam experiments. It extends the subject to cluster beams and beams of hyperthermal and subthermal energies.
Book Synopsis Atomic and Molecular Beams by : Roger Campargue
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Beams written by Roger Campargue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title covers the state of the art in this field both theoretically and experimentally. With contributions from leading researchers including several Nobel laureates, it represents a long-lasting source of reference on all aspects of fundamental research into or using atomic and molecular beams.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics by : Giovanni Sanna
Download or read book Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics written by Giovanni Sanna and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics is devoted to the theory and phenomenology of supersonic molecular beams. The book describes the main physical idea and mathematical methods of the gas dynamics of molecular beams, while the detailed derivation of results and equations is accompanied by an explanation of their physical meaning. Many of the applications of supersonic molecular beams are discussed, including their application to molecular spectroscopy, and the study of surface phonons by monoatomic and monokinetic beams, and the study of intermolecular potentials and the onset of condensation. The phenomenology of supersonic beams can appear complex to those not experienced in supersonic gas dynamics and, as a result, the few existing reviews on the topic generally assume a limited level of knowledge. The book begins with a quantitative description of the fundamental laws of gas dynamics and goes on to explain such phenomena. It analyzes the evolution of the gas jet from the continuum to the regime of almost free collisions between molecules, and includes numerous figures, illustrations, tables and references.
Book Synopsis Atom, Molecule, and Cluster Beams I by : Hans Pauly
Download or read book Atom, Molecule, and Cluster Beams I written by Hans Pauly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A consistent, up-to-date description of the extremely manifold and varied experimental techniques which nowadays enable work with neutral particles. Th book lays the physical foundations of the various experimental techniques, which utilize methods from most fields in physics.
Book Synopsis Molecular Beam Epitaxy by : Marian A. Herman
Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Marian A. Herman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-ever monograph on molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) gives a comprehensive presentation of recent developments in MBE, as applied to crystallization of thin films and device structures of different semiconductor materials. MBE is a high-vacuum technology characterized by relatively low growth temperature, ability to cease or initiate growth abruptly, smoothing of grown surfaces and interfaces on an atomic scale, and the unique facility for in situ analysis of the structural parameters of the growing film. The excellent exploitation parameters of such MBE-produced devices as quantum-well lasers, high electron mobility transistors, and superlattice avalanche photodiodes have caused this technology to be intensively developed. The main text of the book is divided into three parts. The first presents and discusses the more important problems concerning MBE equipment. The second discusses the physico-chemical aspects of the crystallization processes of different materials (mainly semiconductors) and device structures. The third part describes the characterization methods which link the physical properties of the grown film or structures with the technological parameters of the crystallization procedure. Latest achievements in the field are emphasized, such as solid source MBE, including silicon MBE, gas source MBE, especially metalorganic MBE, phase-locked epitaxy and atomic-layer epitaxy, photoassisted molecular layer epitaxy and migration enhanced epitaxy.
Book Synopsis Atomic and Molecular Beams by : Cyril Bernard Lucas
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Beams written by Cyril Bernard Lucas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic and molecular beams are employed in physics and chemistry experiments and, to a lesser extent, in the biological sciences. These beams enable atoms to be studied under collision-free conditions and allow the study of their interaction with other atoms, charged particles, radiation, and surfaces. Atomic and Molecular Beams: Production and Collimation explores the latest techniques for producing a beam from any substance as well as from the dissociation of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and the halogens. The book not only provides the basic expressions essential to beam design but also offers in-depth coverage of: Design of ovens and furnaces for atomic beam production Creation of atomic beams that require higher evaporation temperatures Theory of beam formation including the Clausing equation and the transmission probability Construction of collimating arrays in metals, plastics, glass, and other materials Optimization of the design of atomic beam collimators While many review articles and books discuss the application of atomic beams, few give technical details of their production. Focusing on practical application in the laboratory, the author critically reviews over 800 references to compare the atomic and molecular beam formation theories with actual experiments. Atomic and Molecular Beams: Production and Collimation is a comprehensive source of material for experimentalists facing the design of any atomic or molecular beam and theoreticians wishing to extend the theory.
Book Synopsis Molecular Beams, Volume 10 by : Ilya Prigogine
Download or read book Molecular Beams, Volume 10 written by Ilya Prigogine and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-08 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advances in Chemical Physics series provides the chemical physics and physical chemistry fields with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Filled with cutting-edge research reported in a cohesive manner not found elsewhere in the literature, each volume of the Advances in Chemical Physics series serves as the perfect supplement to any advanced graduate class devoted to the study of chemical physics.
Book Synopsis Recent Research in Molecular Beams by : Immanual Estermann
Download or read book Recent Research in Molecular Beams written by Immanual Estermann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Research in Molecular Beam is a collection of scientific papers that have been inspired by Otto Stern, the founder of Molecular Beam Research. This book is composed of 10 chapters and begins with discussions on the early history of molecular beam research. The next chapters describe the velocity distribution measurements made on potassium molecular beams with a fixed-frequency, variable phase velocity selector, along with a brief consideration of the principles and concepts of electron magnetic moment and atomic magnetism. A chapter presents the atomic beam spectroscopic experiments on the metastable state of the hydrogen-like atoms that depend on a wholly different principle for the detection of transitions. This text further explores the effects of variations in the oscillatory field amplitudes, perturbations by neighboring resonances, perturbations by oscillatory fields, variations in the fixed field amplitudes, and phase shifts of the oscillatory fields. These topics are followed by a comparison of advantages and limitations of various techniques for spin property measurement as they apply in particular to radioactive nuclei, such as optical and molecular gas microwave spectroscopy, nuclear and paramagnetic resonance, and atomic beams. The remaining chapters examine fluid friction in a rarefied gas flow; some applications of molecular beam techniques to chemistry; and the polarized neutrons based on a Stern-Gerlach experiment. This work will be of great value to workers and researchers in molecular beam field.
Book Synopsis Molecular Beams Formed by Arrays of 3-40 Micron Diameter Tubes by : John C. Johnson
Download or read book Molecular Beams Formed by Arrays of 3-40 Micron Diameter Tubes written by John C. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of an experimental investigation of molecular beams formed by a closely packed array of glass tubes of uniform diameter are presented.
Book Synopsis Molecular Beam Epitaxy by : Mohamed Henini
Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Mohamed Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): From Research to Mass Production, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MBE research and applications in epitaxial growth, along with a detailed discussion and ‘how to’ on processing molecular or atomic beams that occur on the surface of a heated crystalline substrate in a vacuum. The techniques addressed in the book can be deployed wherever precise thin-film devices with enhanced and unique properties for computing, optics or photonics are required. It includes new semiconductor materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many that are at the advanced research stage. This second edition covers the advances made by MBE, both in research and in the mass production of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Enhancements include new chapters on MBE growth of 2D materials, Si-Ge materials, AIN and GaN materials, and hybrid ferromagnet and semiconductor structures. Condenses the fundamental science of MBE into a modern reference, speeding up literature review Discusses new materials, novel applications and new device structures, grounding current commercial applications with modern understanding in industry and research Includes coverage of MBE as mass production epitaxial technology and how it enhances processing efficiency and throughput for the semiconductor industry and nanostructured semiconductor materials research community
Book Synopsis Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics by : Giovanni Sanna
Download or read book Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics written by Giovanni Sanna and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Molecular Beams Gas Dynamics is devoted to the theory and phenomenology of supersonic molecular beams. The book describes the main physical idea and mathematical methods of the gas dynamics of molecular beams, while the detailed derivation of results and equations is accompanied by an explanation of their physical meaning. Many of the applications of supersonic molecular beams are discussed, including their application to molecular spectroscopy, and the study of surface phonons by monoatomic and monokinetic beams, and the study of intermolecular potentials and the onset of condensation. The phenomenology of supersonic beams can appear complex to those not experienced in supersonic gas dynamics and, as a result, the few existing reviews on the topic generally assume a limited level of knowledge. The book begins with a quantitative description of the fundamental laws of gas dynamics and goes on to explain such phenomena. It analyzes the evolution of the gas jet from the continuum to the regime of almost free collisions between molecules, and includes numerous figures, illustrations, tables and references.
Book Synopsis Atomic and Molecular Beams by : Cyril Bernard Lucas
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Beams written by Cyril Bernard Lucas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic and molecular beams are employed in physics and chemistry experiments and, to a lesser extent, in the biological sciences. These beams enable atoms to be studied under collision-free conditions and allow the study of their interaction with other atoms, charged particles, radiation, and surfaces. Atomic and Molecular Beams: Production and Col
Book Synopsis Physical Methods of Chemistry, Investigations of Surfaces and Interfaces by : Bryant W. Rossiter
Download or read book Physical Methods of Chemistry, Investigations of Surfaces and Interfaces written by Bryant W. Rossiter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-01-12 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each volume of this series heralds profound changes in both the perception and practice of chemistry. This edition presents the state of the art of all important methods of instrumental chemical analysis, measurement and control. Contributions offer introductions together with sufficient detail to give a clear understanding of basic theory and apparatus involved and an appreciation of the value, potential and limitations of the respective techniques. The emphasis of the subjects treated is on method rather than results, thus aiding the investigator in applying the techniques successfully in the laboratory.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Alkali Metal Diatomic Spectra by : Jin-Tae Kim
Download or read book Analysis of Alkali Metal Diatomic Spectra written by Jin-Tae Kim and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2014-12-01 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after she became involved in the didactics of physics, the author of this book realized that the transfer of new discoveries in physics into schools and to undergraduate programs is almost non-existent. Such an introduction is difficult as students' k
Book Synopsis Molecules and Radiation by : Jeffrey I. Steinfeld
Download or read book Molecules and Radiation written by Jeffrey I. Steinfeld and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unified treatment introduces upper-level undergraduates and graduate students to the concepts and methods of modern molecular spectroscopy and their applications to quantum electronics, lasers, and related optical phenomena. Starting with a review of the prerequisite quantum mechanical background, the text examines atomic spectra and diatomic molecules, including the rotation and vibration of diatomic molecules and their electronic spectra. A discussion of rudimentary group theory advances to considerations of the rotational spectra of polyatomic molecules and their vibrational and electronic spectra; molecular beams, masers, and lasers; and a variety of forms of spectroscopy, including optical resonance spectroscopy, coherent transient spectroscopy, multiple-photon spectroscopy, and spectroscopy beyond molecular constants. The text concludes with a series of useful appendixes.
