Modern Japan All That Matters

Download Modern Japan All That Matters full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Modern Japan All That Matters ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Modern Japan: All That Matters

Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher : John Murray
ISBN 13 : 147360124X
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (736 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modern Japan: All That Matters by : Jonathan Clements

Download or read book Modern Japan: All That Matters written by Jonathan Clements and published by John Murray. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jonathan Clements charts the rise of Japan since the end of World War Two. Presenting the country as the Japanese themselves see it, he explains key issues in national reconstruction, the often-overlooked US Occupation, the influence of the Cold War, student unrest, political scandals, and the meteoric rise and sudden fall of the Japanese economy in the late 20th century. He chronicles changes in women's rights and consumer habits, developments in politics, education and health today, and the shadow of nuclear issues from Hiroshima to Fukushima. He also raises topics rarely covered by the foreign media - Japan's ethnic minorities and burakumin underclass, the influence of organised crime and the hard sell behind "soft" power. A final chapter examines the price Japan has paid for its meteoric rise, the problems of a greying population and a declining countryside, and the long-term implications of the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. All That Matters about modern Japan. All That Matters books are a fast way to get right to the heart of key issues.

The Making of Modern Japan

Author : Marius B. Jansen
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674039106
Total Pages : 933 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Making of Modern Japan by : Marius B. Jansen

Download or read book The Making of Modern Japan written by Marius B. Jansen and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magisterial in vision, sweeping in scope, this monumental work presents a seamless account of Japanese society during the modern era, from 1600 to the present. A distillation of more than fifty years’ engagement with Japan and its history, it is the crowning work of our leading interpreter of the modern Japanese experience. Since 1600 Japan has undergone three periods of wrenching social and institutional change, following the imposition of hegemonic order on feudal society by the Tokugawa shogun; the opening of Japan’s ports by Commodore Perry; and defeat in World War II. The Making of Modern Japan charts these changes: the social engineering begun with the founding of the shogunate in 1600, the emergence of village and castle towns with consumer populations, and the diffusion of samurai values in the culture. Marius Jansen covers the making of the modern state, the adaptation of Western models, growing international trade, the broadening opportunity in Japanese society with industrialization, and the postwar occupation reforms imposed by General MacArthur. Throughout, the book gives voice to the individuals and views that have shaped the actions and beliefs of the Japanese, with writers, artists, and thinkers, as well as political leaders given their due. The story this book tells, though marked by profound changes, is also one of remarkable consistency, in which continuities outweigh upheavals in the development of society, and successive waves of outside influence have only served to strengthen a sense of what is unique and native to Japanese experience. The Making of Modern Japan takes us to the core of this experience as it illuminates one of the contemporary world’s most compelling transformations.

Modern Japan

Author : Elise K. Tipton
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415185387
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (853 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modern Japan by : Elise K. Tipton

Download or read book Modern Japan written by Elise K. Tipton and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ranging from the Tokugwa period to the present day, this text provides a concise and fascinating introduction to the social, cultural and political history of modern Japan. Tipton covers political and economic developments and shows how they relate to social themes and developments. Her survey covers traditional political history as well as areas growing in interest: gender issues, labor conditions and ethnic minorities.

New Times in Modern Japan

Author : Stefan Tanaka
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400826241
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis New Times in Modern Japan by : Stefan Tanaka

Download or read book New Times in Modern Japan written by Stefan Tanaka and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Times in Modern Japan concerns the transformation of time--the reckoning of time--during Japan's Meiji period, specifically from around 1870 to 1900. Time literally changed as the archipelago synchronized with the Western imperialists' reckoning of time. The solar calendar and clock became standard timekeeping devices, and society adapted to the abstractions inherent in modern notions of time. This set off a cascade of changes that completely reconfigured how humans interacted with each other and with their environment--a process whose analysis carries implications for other non-Western societies as well. By examining topics ranging from geology, ghosts, childhood, art history, and architecture to nature as a whole, Stefan Tanaka explores how changing conceptions of time destabilized inherited knowledge and practices and ultimately facilitated the reconfiguration of the archipelago's heterogeneous communities into the liberal-capitalist nation-state, Japan. However, this revolutionary transformation--where, in the words of Lewis Mumford, "the clock, not the steam engine," is the key mechanism of the industrial age--has received little more than a footnote in the history of Japan. This book's innovative focus on time not only shifts attention away from debates about the failure (or success) of "modernization" toward how individuals interact with the overlay of abstract concepts upon their lives; it also illuminates the roles of history as discourse and as practice in this reconfiguration of society. In doing so, it will influence discussions about modernity well beyond the borders of Japan.

Yumeji Modern

Author : Nozomi Naoi
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 029574684X
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (957 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Yumeji Modern by : Nozomi Naoi

Download or read book Yumeji Modern written by Nozomi Naoi and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hugely popular Japanese artist Takehisa Yumeji (1884–1934) is an emblematic figure of Japan’s rapidly changing cultural milieu in the early twentieth century. His graphic works include leftist and antiwar illustrations in socialist bulletins, wrenching portrayals of Tokyo after the Great Kantō Earthquake of 1923, and fashionable images of beautiful women—referred to as “Yumeji-style beauties”—in books and magazines that targeted a new demographic of young female consumers. Yumeji also played a key role in the reinvention of the woodblock medium. As his art and designs proliferated in Japan’s mass media, Yumeji became a recognizable brand. In the first full-length English-language study of Yumeji’s work, Nozomi Naoi examines the artist’s role in shaping modern Japanese identity. Addressing his output from the start of his career in 1905 to the 1920s, when his productivity peaked, Yumeji Modern introduces for the first time in English translation a substantial body of Yumeji’s texts, including diary entries, poetry, essays, and commentary, alongside his illustrations. Naoi situates Yumeji’s graphic art within the emerging media landscape from 1900s through the 1910s, when novel forms of reprographic communication helped create new spaces of visual culture and image circulation. Yumeji’s legacy and his present-day following speak to the broader, ongoing implications of his work with respect to commercial art, visual culture, and print media.

Japan from Anime to Zen

Author : David Watts Barton
Publisher : Stone Bridge Press, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1611729459
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (117 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Japan from Anime to Zen by : David Watts Barton

Download or read book Japan from Anime to Zen written by David Watts Barton and published by Stone Bridge Press, Inc.. This book was released on 2021-04-27 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This friendly guide offers concise but detailed demystifications of more than 85 aspects of ancient and modern Japan. It can be read in sequence, or just dipped into, depending on the moment’s need. Explanations go much deeper than a typical travel guide and cover 1,500 years of history and culture, everything from geisha to gangsters, haiku to karaoke, the sun goddess to the shogunate . . . and anime to Zen.

Modern Japan

Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781785390371
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modern Japan by : Jonathan Clements

Download or read book Modern Japan written by Jonathan Clements and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title chronicles changes in women's rights and consumer habits, developments in politics, education and health today, and the shadow of nuclear issues from Hiroshima to Fukushima.

Christ's Samurai

Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher : Robinson
ISBN 13 : 1472136713
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (721 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Christ's Samurai by : Jonathan Clements

Download or read book Christ's Samurai written by Jonathan Clements and published by Robinson. This book was released on 2016-04-07 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sect was said to harbour dark designs to overthrow the government. Its teachers used a dead language that was impenetrable to all but the innermost circle of believers. Its priests preached love and kindness, but helped local warlords acquire firearms. They encouraged believers to cast aside their earthly allegiances and swear loyalty to a foreign god-emperor, before seeking paradise in terrible martyrdoms. The cult was in open revolt, led, it was said, by a boy sorcerer. Farmers claiming to have the blessing of an alien god had bested trained samurai in combat and proclaimed that fires in the sky would soon bring about the end of the world. The Shogun called old soldiers out of retirement for one last battle before peace could be declared in Japan. For there to be an end to war, he said, the Christians would have to die. This is a true story.

Japan at War in the Pacific

Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher : Tuttle Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1462922864
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (629 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Japan at War in the Pacific by : Jonathan Clements

Download or read book Japan at War in the Pacific written by Jonathan Clements and published by Tuttle Publishing. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A lucid history of the rise and fall of militarism in Japan…" --New York Journal of Books Japan at War in the Pacific recounts the dramatic story of Japan's transformation from a Samurai-led feudal society to a modern military-industrial empire in the space of a few decades--and the many wars it fought along the way. These culminated in an attempt by Japan's military leaders to create an Asia-Pacific empire which at its greatest extent rivaled the British Empire in scope and power. The battle for supremacy in the Pacific brought the Japanese to great heights but led ultimately to the nation's utter devastation at the end of World War II, culminating with the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki--the only time such weapons have been used in warfare. In this book, author Jonathan Clements offers fascinating insights into: The wars that Japan fought during its rise to supremacy in the western Pacific, including the Russo-Japanese War, the seizure of Manchuria and war in China, and the Pacific theater of World War II. The many military actions undertaken by Imperial Japanese forces including the horrific "Rape of Nanjing," the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, the decisive defeat at the Battle of Midway, the savage Battles of Okinawa and Iwo Jima, and many more. The motivations and beliefs of Japan's leaders, as well as the policy decisions of a government dedicated to expansion which ultimately led to a complete dismantling of the nation's political and social order during the Allied Occupation. With over 75 photographs and maps, this book vividly recounts the brutal story of Japan's military conquests. Clements charts the evolution of the Japanese empire in the Pacific and the influence of a ruthless military-led government on everything from culture and food to fashion and education--including the anthems and rallying calls of a martial nation which were silenced long ago but continue to echo in Asian politics.

Modern Japan: A Very Short Introduction

Author : Christopher Goto-Jones
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019156821X
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Modern Japan: A Very Short Introduction by : Christopher Goto-Jones

Download or read book Modern Japan: A Very Short Introduction written by Christopher Goto-Jones and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan is arguably today's most successful industrial economy, combining almost unprecedented affluence with social stability and apparent harmony. Japanese goods and cultural products are consumed all over the world, ranging from animated movies and computer games all the way through to cars, semiconductors, and management techniques. In many ways, Japan is an icon of the modern world, and yet it remains something of an enigma to many, who see it as a confusing montage of the alien and the familiar, the ancient and modern. The aim of this Very Short Introduction is to explode the myths and explore the reality of modern Japan - by taking a concise look at its history, economy, politics, and culture. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Embodying Difference

Author : Timothy D. Amos
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Embodying Difference by : Timothy D. Amos

Download or read book Embodying Difference written by Timothy D. Amos and published by . This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in New Delhi by Navayana Publishing.

An Armchair Traveller's History of Tokyo

Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher : Haus Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1909961590
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (99 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis An Armchair Traveller's History of Tokyo by : Jonathan Clements

Download or read book An Armchair Traveller's History of Tokyo written by Jonathan Clements and published by Haus Publishing. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With almost 13 million residents, Tokyo is now as much an icon of modernity as it is a city, with its neon-lit billboards, futuristic technology, and avant-garde fashion scene. But the long and fascinating history of Japan’s modern capital encompasses much, much more, and in An Armchair Traveller’s History of Tokyo, Jonathan Clements sketches the city’s amazing trajectory from its humble beginnings as a group of clearings in a forest on the Kanto plain all the way to its upcoming role as host of the 2020 Olympic Games. Tokyo, meaning “Eastern Capital,” has only enjoyed that name and status for 150 years. Before that, it was a medieval outpost designed to keep watch over rich farmlands. But this seemingly unassuming geographical location ultimately led to its status as a supercity. Though the imperial court ruled Japan from the sleepy city of Kyoto, the landowners of the Kanto plain where Tokyo lies held the true wealth and power in Japan, which they eventually asserted in a series of bloody civil wars. The Tokyo region became the administrative center of Japan’s Shogun overlords and the site of a vibrant urban culture home to theaters, taverns, and brothels. After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, it became Japan’s true capital, home to the emperors, the seat of government, and a site of rapid urban growth. Anyone who’s ever longed to look upon Mount Fuji, embody the bravery of the Samurai, or savor the world’s finest sushi will find themselves transported from the comfort of their armchair while reading Clements’s account of Tokyo.

Dogs and Demons

Author : Alex Kerr
Publisher : Penguin Books, Limited (UK)
ISBN 13 : 9780141010007
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Dogs and Demons by : Alex Kerr

Download or read book Dogs and Demons written by Alex Kerr and published by Penguin Books, Limited (UK). This book was released on 2002-02-16 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decades of Western adulation for the Japanese 'economic miracle' failed to notice a key point: that in the pursuit of this miracle the Japanese had turned their country into a degraded, concrete shambles - a wilderness of bad planning, corruption and crowding. Now that the miracle is at an end and Japan seems set to remain in the economic doldrums it must become apparent to everyone that one of the world's greatest cultures has ruined itself almost beyond repair. Alex Kerr's wonderful book conveys vividly and furiously both the dazzling nature of Japanese culture and how the bureaucrats of a country he loves have poisoned and ruined it.

Celebrating Life Customs around the World [3 volumes]

Author : Victoria R. Williams
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1137 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Celebrating Life Customs around the World [3 volumes] by : Victoria R. Williams

Download or read book Celebrating Life Customs around the World [3 volumes] written by Victoria R. Williams and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents hundreds of customs and traditions practiced in countries outside of the United States, showcasing the diversity of birth, coming-of-age, and death celebrations worldwide. From the beginning of our lives to the end, all of humanity celebrates life's milestones through traditions and unique customs. In the United States, we have specific events like baby showers, rites of passage such as Bat and Bar Mitzvahs and "sweet 16" birthday parties, and sober end-of-life traditions like obituaries and funeral services that honor those who have died. But what kinds of customs and traditions are practiced in other countries? How do people in other cultures welcome babies, prepare to enter into adulthood, and commemorate the end of the lives of loved ones? This three-volume encyclopedia covers more than 300 birth, life, and death customs, with the books' content organized chronologically by life stage. Volume 1 focuses on birth and childhood customs, Volume 2 documents adolescent and early-adulthood customs, and Volume 3 looks at aging and death customs. The entries in the first volume examine pre-birth traditions, such as baby showers and other gift-giving events, and post-birth customs, such as naming ceremonies, child-rearing practices, and traditions performed to ward off evil or promote good health. The second volume contains information about rites of passage as children become adults, including indigenous initiations, marriage customs, and religious ceremonies. The final volume concludes with coverage on customs associated with aging and death, such as retirement celebrations, elaborate funeral processions, and the creation of fantasy coffins. The set features beautiful color inserts that illustrate examples of celebrations and ceremonies and includes an appendix of excerpts from primary documents that include legislation on government-accepted names, wedding vows, and maternity/paternity leave regulations.

A Brief History of the Martial Arts

Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher : Robinson
ISBN 13 : 1472136470
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (721 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Brief History of the Martial Arts by : Jonathan Clements

Download or read book A Brief History of the Martial Arts written by Jonathan Clements and published by Robinson. This book was released on 2016-10-13 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Folk tales of the Shaolin Temple depict warrior monks with superhuman abilities. Today, dozens of East Asian fighting styles trace their roots back to the Buddhist brawlers of Shaolin, although any quest for the true story soon wanders into a labyrinth of forgeries, secret texts and modern retellings. This new study approaches the martial arts from their origins in military exercises and callisthenics. It examines a rich folklore from old wuxia tales of crime-fighting heroes to modern kung fu movies. Centre stage is given to the stories that martial artists tell themselves about themselves, with accounts (both factual and fictional) of famous practitioners including China's Yim Wing-chun, Wong Fei-hong, and Ip Man, as well as Japanese counterparts such as Kano Jigoro, Itosu Anko and So Doshin. The history of martial arts encompasses secret societies and religious rebels, with intimate glimpses of the histories of China, Korea and Japan, their conflicts and transformations. The book also charts the migration of martial arts to the United States and beyond. Special attention is paid to the turmoil of the twentieth century, the cross-cultural influence of Japanese colonies in Asia, and the post-war rise of martial arts in sport and entertainment - including the legacy of Bruce Lee, the dilemma of the ninja and the global audience for martial arts in fiction.

The Human Tradition in Modern Japan

Author : Anne Walthall
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1461665515
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Human Tradition in Modern Japan by : Anne Walthall

Download or read book The Human Tradition in Modern Japan written by Anne Walthall and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Tradition in Modern Japan is a collection of short biographies of ordinary Japanese men and women, most of them unknown outside their family and locality, whose lives collectively span the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Their stories present a counterweight to the prevailing stereotypes, providing students with depictions of real people through the records they have left-records that detail experiences and aspirations. The Human Tradition in Modern Japan offers a human-scale perspective that focuses on individuals, reconstitutes the meaning of people's experiences as they lived through them, and puts a human face on history. It skillfully bridges the divides between the sexes, between the local and the national, and between rural and urban, as well as spanning crucial moments in the history of modern Japan. The Human Tradition in Modern Japan is an excellent resource for courses on Japanese history, East Asian history, and peoples and cultures of Japan.

Hirohito And The Making Of Modern Japan

Author : Herbert P. Bix
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0061860476
Total Pages : 832 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (618 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Hirohito And The Making Of Modern Japan by : Herbert P. Bix

Download or read book Hirohito And The Making Of Modern Japan written by Herbert P. Bix and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pulitzer Prize In this groundbreaking biography of the Japanese emperor Hirohito, Herbert P. Bix offers the first complete, unvarnished look at the enigmatic leader whose sixty-three-year reign ushered Japan into the modern world. Never before has the full life of this controversial figure been revealed with such clarity and vividness. Bix shows what it was like to be trained from birth for a lone position at the apex of the nation's political hierarchy and as a revered symbol of divine status. Influenced by an unusual combination of the Japanese imperial tradition and a modern scientific worldview, the young emperor gradually evolves into his preeminent role, aligning himself with the growing ultranationalist movement, perpetuating a cult of religious emperor worship, resisting attempts to curb his power, and all the while burnishing his image as a reluctant, passive monarch. Here we see Hirohito as he truly was: a man of strong will and real authority. Supported by a vast array of previously untapped primary documents, Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan is perhaps most illuminating in lifting the veil on the mythology surrounding the emperor's impact on the world stage. Focusing closely on Hirohito's interactions with his advisers and successive Japanese governments, Bix sheds new light on the causes of the China War in 1937 and the start of the Asia-Pacific War in 1941. And while conventional wisdom has had it that the nation's increasing foreign aggression was driven and maintained not by the emperor but by an elite group of Japanese militarists, the reality, as witnessed here, is quite different. Bix documents in detail the strong, decisive role Hirohito played in wartime operations, from the takeover of Manchuria in 1931 through the attack on Pearl Harbor and ultimately the fateful decision in 1945 to accede to an unconditional surrender. In fact, the emperor stubbornly prolonged the war effort and then used the horrifying bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, together with the Soviet entrance into the war, as his exit strategy from a no-win situation. From the moment of capitulation, we see how American and Japanese leaders moved to justify the retention of Hirohito as emperor by whitewashing his wartime role and reshaping the historical consciousness of the Japanese people. The key to this strategy was Hirohito's alliance with General MacArthur, who helped him maintain his stature and shed his militaristic image, while MacArthur used the emperor as a figurehead to assist him in converting Japan into a peaceful nation. Their partnership ensured that the emperor's image would loom large over the postwar years and later decades, as Japan began to make its way in the modern age and struggled -- as it still does -- to come to terms with its past. Until the very end of a career that embodied the conflicting aims of Japan's development as a nation, Hirohito remained preoccupied with politics and with his place in history. Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan provides the definitive account of his rich life and legacy. Meticulously researched and utterly engaging, this book is proof that the history of twentieth-century Japan cannot be understood apart from the life of its most remarkable and enduring leader.